Clinical study of snehapana based on koshta for virechana prep.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: A clinical study of snehapana kal nirdharan on the basis of koshta as a poorva karma of virechana
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Dr. Sneha Bhaurale
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: A clinical study of snehapana kal nirdharan on the basis of koshta as a poorva karma of virechana
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20233-26871
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Ayurveda, often referred to as the science of life, employs various therapeutic techniques to promote health and wellbeing, one of which is Panchkarma. This holistic approach, entrenched in centuries of practice, involves five specific procedures aimed at detoxifying and purifying the body. A critical component of Panchkarma is Snehapana, which refers to internal oleation and acts as a preparatory method for Shodhana (purification). The success of Shodhana, which encompasses the mobilization and elimination of accumulated doshas or bodily humors, relies heavily on the effective administration of Snehapana. This study focuses on understanding the duration of Snehapana based on the individual’s Koshta, or bowel habits, to optimize the therapeutic outcomes.
The Importance of Koshta in Snehapana
Koshta, which categorizes individuals based on their bowel habits, plays a pivotal role in determining the duration and efficacy of Snehapana. Ayurveda classifies individuals into three types of Koshta: Krura (hard), Madhyam (medium), and Mridu (soft). Each type responds differently to oleation, necessitating a tailored approach when administering Snehapana. For instance, individuals with a Mridu Koshta generally require only three days of oleation, while those with Madhyam and Krura Koshta need five and seven days, respectively. This classification reinforces the need for a personalized treatment plan, as it directly impacts the effectiveness of the detoxification procedures in Ayurvedic practices.
Mechanism of Action in Snehapana
The mechanism behind Snehapana involves the mobilization of doshas from peripheral areas of the body (Shakha) towards the central digestive regions (Koshta). The internal oleation through Snehana not only aids in the detoxification process but also enhances Agni (digestive fire) and subsequently optimizes bodily functions. By utilizing substances like Goghrit (ghee), practitioners can initiate a softening effect on the doshas, facilitating their movement towards the Koshta, where they can be effectively eliminated during the main detoxification procedures (Pradhana Karma). The study highlights how Snehapana, characterized by its unique method of administration and tailored doses, ensures that the therapeutic regimen aligns with the physiological constitution of the individual.
Evaluating the Results and Parameters
The study employed a randomized, open, prospective trial involving 30 subjects representing diverse demographics, and it assessed the effectiveness of Snehapana through various metrics. Criteria such as the consistency and frequency of bowel movements, subjective evaluations of symptoms like Snigdha Varchas (oiliness of stool), and Agnidipti (digestive capacity) were examined before and after the treatment. Notably, statistical tests indicated significant changes and improvements in parameters, confirming that the appropriate duration of Snehapana yields beneficial outcomes depending on the Koshta type. This quantitative analysis enhances the credibility of the Ayurvedic texts which prescribe specific durations for optimal results.
Conclusion
In summary, the findings of this clinical study reinforce traditional Ayurvedic wisdom regarding Snehapana and its dependent variables, particularly Koshta. The study concluded that the duration of Snehapana is crucially individualized, varying according to the type of Koshta, thereby informing effective therapeutic practices. The research aligns with classical Ayurvedic texts, validating that a well-structured internal oleation protocol can lead to enhanced health outcomes. By integrating traditional knowledge with contemporary scientific evaluation, this study serves as a significant step towards further legitimizing Ayurvedic practices in modern healthcare contexts.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the significance of Snehapana in Ayurvedic treatment?
Snehapana, or internal oleation, is a crucial preparatory procedure in Ayurveda's detoxification therapy (Shodhana). It helps mobilize vitiated doshas from the periphery to the center, facilitating effective purification processes.
How does the type of Koshta affect Snehapana duration?
The duration of Snehapana differs based on the type of Koshta: 3 days for Mridu Koshta, 5 days for Madhyam Koshta, and 7 days for Krura Koshta, as per classical Ayurvedic texts.
What are the inclusion criteria for the study participants?
Patients with neoplastic diseases, major systemic illnesses, or pregnant/lactating women were excluded.
What was the primary objective of the study?
The primary objective was to observe the development of Samyak Snigdha Lakshanas as documented in classical texts following internal oleation based on Koshta classification.
How were the effects of Snehapana evaluated?
Effects were assessed by observing Samyak Snigdha Lakshanas, gastrointestinal changes, and patient-reported outcomes using standardized scoring in a clinical trial format.
What findings were concluded regarding Samyak Snigdha Lakshanas?
The study indicated no difference between the observed durations for Snehapana to achieve Samyak Snigdha Lakshanas and those specified in classical Ayurvedic literature.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Clinical study of snehapana based on koshta for virechana prep.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Lakshana (Laksana):
Lakshanas correspond to the observable signs or symptoms experienced by patients. In Ayurvedic practice, they are key indicators for diagnosing imbalances and evaluating the effectiveness of treatments, ensuring personalized and appropriate health interventions.
2) Snigdha:
Snigdha signifies an oiliness or unctuous quality, often associated with substances employed in Ayurvedic therapy. It indicates the nourishing attribute of certain treatments like Snehana, which facilitates the mobilization of doshas within the body, promoting detoxification and enhancing internal balance, again highlighting its importance in Ayurvedic healing practices.
3) Sneha:
Sneha translates to 'oil' or 'unctuousness' in Ayurveda and includes substances used for internal oleation. This essential component of therapies like Snehana aids in the rejuvenation and nourishment of tissues. Its application is significant in facilitating the elimination of toxins and promoting overall health amid Ayurvedic practices.
4) Snehana:
Snehana refers to the process of oleation or internal application of oils, a preparatory step in Panchakarma therapy designed to mobilize and detoxify doshas. Critical for achieving desired therapeutic outcomes, Snehana enhances absorption and initiates the body's cleansing process, aligning with various Ayurvedic principles for health.
5) Karma (Karman):
Karma in Ayurveda indicates a specific action or treatment process aimed at healing. Each procedure, termed 'karma', is part of a broader therapeutic approach that addresses individual health needs. Understanding these actions is crucial for effective treatment planning and patient care within Ayurvedic medicine.
6) Shodhana (Sodhana):
Sodhana means detoxification or cleansing of the body, essential in Ayurvedic health practice. Through techniques like Shodhana, it facilitates the removal of accumulated toxins to restore natural balance and enhance physiological functions.
7) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosha refers to the three fundamental biological energies in Ayurveda (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) that govern physical and mental processes. Understanding an individual's dosha is crucial in diagnosing imbalances and guiding tailored treatment strategies to restore harmony, which is essential for holistic health.
8) Study (Studying):
Study signifies the methodical investigation or research conducted within the Ayurvedic framework to explore various treatment modalities, their efficacy, and impacts on health. This aligns with evidence-based practice and fills knowledge gaps, enriching therapeutic approaches in traditional medicine.
9) Krura:
Krura denotes a specific type of koshta (bowel habit) in Ayurveda characterized by a more stringent bodily constitution. Understanding the attributes of Krura koshta is vital for individualized treatment plans, particularly when determining the appropriate duration and intensity of therapies like Snehapana.
10) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is the ancient Indian system of medicine emphasizing balance among bodily systems through natural and holistic approaches. Its principles guide health care, nutrition, and lifestyle choices, focusing on preventing illness and promoting well-being through a deep understanding of individual constitution and nature.
11) Water:
Water plays a vital role in Ayurvedic therapies, serving as both a medium for cleansing and hydration essential for bodily functions. It is notably employed in daily practices and therapies, enhancing the efficacy of treatments and supporting detoxification processes.
12) Purification:
Purification refers to the cleansing processes aimed at removing toxins from the body, an essential aspect of wellness in Ayurveda. Techniques like Shodhana promote not only physical detoxification but also mental clarity, aligning with holistic approaches to health.
13) Vata:
Vata is one of the three doshas, representing air and space elements within the body. It is associated with movement and bodily functions. Analyzing Vata's state aids in evaluating an individual's health, as imbalances can lead to various disorders, necessitating targeted treatments.
14) Food:
Food is central to Ayurvedic health, functioning as both nourishment and medicine. The quality, quantity, and properties of food influence dosha balance and overall well-being. Proper dietary practices are emphasized to align with individual health needs and maintain harmony in Ayurveda.
15) Observation:
Observation pertains to the systematic monitoring of symptoms and responses during Ayurvedic treatments. It is critical for assessing efficacy and making data-driven decisions regarding treatment adjustments, significantly contributing to the personalization of healthcare interventions.
16) Disease:
Diseases encompass a range of health conditions that arise from dosha imbalances. Understanding their types and presentations underpins diagnosis and treatment strategies in Ayurveda, emphasizing holistic healing and balance restoration.
17) Shakha (Sakha):
Sakha refers to the limbs or peripheral parts of the body where doshas may accumulate. Recognizing the role of Sakha informs treatment selections aimed at mobilizing and addressing imbalances during therapeutic procedures.
18) Kala:
Kala denotes the duration or time prescribed for specific therapeutic interventions. Understanding Kala is essential for determining how long a patient should undergo particular treatments to achieve desired health outcomes in accordance with Ayurvedic principles.
19) Purvakarma (Purva-karman, Purvakarman):
Purvakarma refers to pre-therapeutic procedures aimed at preparing the body for further treatments, such as Shodhana. These preparatory actions like Snehana are essential for optimizing the effectiveness of subsequent procedures, promoting smoother detoxification and healing.
20) Snigdhata:
Snigdhata relates to the quality of oiliness or unctuousness that signifies the presence of sufficient Sneha in the body. It is essential for achieving desired therapeutic effects within Snehana and reflects the overall state of balance and nourishment in an individual’s constitution.
21) Vitiation (Vitiated):
Vitiated describes the state of doshas when they become imbalanced or aggravated, often leading to disease manifestation. Recognizing vitiated doshas is crucial for targeting treatment approaches effectively and restoring health according to Ayurvedic principles.
22) Samhita:
Samhita refers to the ancient texts that compile Ayurvedic knowledge, principles, and practices. These texts serve as foundational resources for practitioners, guiding therapeutic interventions and ensuring the continuation of traditional wisdom in modern applications.
23) Mridu (Mrdu):
Mridu indicates a softer type of koshta in Ayurveda characterized by easy bowel movements. Recognizing Mridu's attributes helps practitioners develop customized treatment plans, specifically tailored for patients reflecting this digestive constitution.
24) Gatra:
Gatra refers to the physical body in Ayurveda. Understanding the nature and condition of Gatra is vital in diagnosing and determining appropriate treatment strategies, aligning with holistic health principles.
25) India:
India is the birthplace of Ayurveda, with rich traditions of healing and wellness practices. The country's cultural heritage emphasizes natural approaches and holistic care, making it essential in preserving and promoting Ayurvedic knowledge globally.
26) Life:
Life represents the holistic perspective of Ayurveda, encompassing physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. The practice emphasizes nurturing life through balanced approaches, ensuring harmony among all aspects of existence.
27) Internal purification:
Internal purification is a key goal in Ayurveda, requiring detoxification of the body’s systems. Techniques such as Snehana aim to remove toxins and restore equilibrium among doshas, ultimately enhancing overall health and vitality.
28) Science (Scientific):
Science in Ayurveda encompasses systematic principles and empirical observation grounded in traditional wisdom. It provides a structured approach to understanding health and disease, promoting research-informed practices in holistic medicine.
29) Nature:
Nature embodies the inherent qualities and characteristics of an individual as per Ayurvedic principles. Understanding one’s nature is pivotal for personalized treatment plans that harmonize lifestyle and wellness practices.
30) Pradhana-karma:
Pradhana-karma refers to the main therapeutic procedures in Ayurveda that actively address dosha imbalances, leading to purification and healing. These actions are central to Ayurvedic treatment models, aiming for holistic restoration of health.
31) Paschat-karma:
Paschat-karma encompasses post-treatment regimens in Ayurveda aimed at sustaining health following detoxification or therapies. These recommendations help maintain balance and promote lasting well-being, emphasizing the continuous cycle of health management.
32) Raktamokshana (Rakta-mokshana, Raktamoksana):
Raktamokshana is a bloodletting therapy in Ayurveda aimed at detoxifying the blood and correcting dosha imbalances. It is an advanced procedure that addresses specific health conditions, highlighting the depth of Ayurvedic treatment options.
33) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulated refers to the buildup of toxins or imbalanced doshas in the body, which are central to the pathogenesis of diseases. Addressing accumulated substances is essential in Ayurvedic practice to restore health and balance.
34) Abhyantara (Abhyamtara):
Abhyantara refers to internal procedures involving oleation, such as Snehana, the foundation for detoxification practices in Ayurveda. It is essential for facilitating the extraction and elimination of toxins from the body.
35) Discussion:
Discussion signifies the analysis and interpretation of study findings and results in Ayurvedic research. It is vital for drawing conclusions, refining practice, and promoting continual advancements in understanding patient health and treatment outcomes.
36) Gandharva (Gamdharva, Gamdharvadurve):
Gandharva refers to a mythological class of beings in Indian traditions, although in Ayurveda, it may refer to herbal formulations often associated with mystique. Their use in traditional medicine highlights the integration of cultural aspects into therapeutic approaches.
37) Education:
Education in Ayurveda involves the teaching of principles, practices, and philosophies of this ancient science of healing. It is essential for nurturing new practitioners and ensuring the transmission of knowledge across generations.
38) Tridosha (Tridosa, Tri-dosha):
Tridosha represents the three primary energies (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) fundamental to Ayurvedic philosophy. Understanding Tridosha is crucial for diagnosing health conditions and prescribing holistic treatment approaches tailored to individual constitutions.
39) Haritaki:
Haritaki is a revered herb in Ayurveda known for its detoxifying properties and various health benefits. It is frequently incorporated into treatments and formulations to enhance digestive health and overall balance.
40) Pradhana:
Pradhana signifies the primary or main treatment modules in Ayurvedic practice. These core methodologies guide practitioners in addressing health conditions effectively, emphasizing the need for established therapeutic frameworks.
41) Goghrita (Goghrta, Go-ghrita):
Goghrita (cow ghee) is regarded in Ayurveda as a sacred and purifying substance used in therapeutic processes like Snehapana. Its nourishing properties are vital for internal oleation, enhancing detoxification and rejuvenation.
42) Bleeding:
Bleeding refers to a symptom that can arise from numerous conditions and must be assessed carefully within Ayurveda. Understanding its causes helps determine appropriate therapeutic measures to restore balance and support healing.
43) Pregnant:
Pregnant individuals require specialized care within Ayurvedic frameworks to ensure the health of both mother and child. Understanding changes during pregnancy is critical for tailoring interventions that promote well-being in this unique state.
44) Channel:
Channel refers to the pathways through which energies, doshas, and substances circulate within the body. Understanding these channels is crucial for effective Ayurvedic treatments addressing dosha imbalances and promoting overall balance.
45) Sukshma (Suksma, Shukshma):
Sukshma signifies subtle qualities or effects in Ayurvedic practice. It is particularly relevant when discussing the actions of herbs and treatments that target deeper layers of physiological or psychological disturbances.
46) Svedana:
Svedana refers to sudation therapy used in Ayurveda to expel toxins through sweating. It is integral to treatment protocols, complementing other therapies to enhance detoxification and balance doshas within the body.
47) Kledana:
Kledana refers to the moistening or lubricating quality of substances in Ayurveda, particularly during internal oleation. This property is essential for aiding the absorption of oils and ensuring effective therapeutic outcomes in treatments.
48) Pradhan:
Pradhan signifies primary actions or therapies within the Ayurvedic healing system. Understanding these primary methodologies is vital for effectively treating a variety of health issues, ensuring organized therapeutic approaches.
49) Anxiety:
Anxiety represents a mental state often addressed in Ayurveda through holistic interventions. Understanding its roots and manifestations is vital for creating comprehensive treatment plans that enhance mental balance and overall health.
50) Mantra (Mamtra):
Mantra refers to sacred sounds or phrases often recited during Ayurvedic rituals and treatments. Mantras are integral to spiritual healing practices, believed to enhance the efficacy of therapies and promote mental well-being.
51) Vamana:
Vamana is a therapeutic procedure in Ayurveda featuring induced vomiting to cleanse the upper gastrointestinal tract. It is a cornerstone of detoxification methodology, reflecting curated approaches to purifying the body.
52) Bhaya:
Bhaya translates to fear, which may influence overall health and compliance with treatments. Addressing emotional states like Bhaya is essential for holistic health, ensuring considerations towards psychological well-being are integrated into treatment plans.
53) Nasya (Nashya):
Nasya is a therapeutic practice in Ayurveda that involves the administration of herbal oils or powders through the nasal cavity. It is essential for head and neck health, directly impacting conditions related to the respiratory or sensory systems.
54) Matra:
Matra refers to the prescribed or measured dose of a substance in Ayurveda. Accurate determination of Matra is vital for achieving optimal therapeutic effects and minimizing potential adverse reactions in treatments.
55) Mutra:
Mutra is the Sanskrit term for urine, an important excretion indicating the body’s internal health. Its study provides vital diagnostic insights within Ayurveda, enabling practitioners to assess metabolic and systemic function.
56) Basti:
Basti is an enema therapy in Ayurveda known for its detoxifying and rejuvenating properties. It addresses imbalances predominantly affecting the lower gastrointestinal tract, making it a key component of purifying practices.
57) Nanga:
Nanga denotes the concept of ‘nakedness’ or purity in Ayurvedic philosophy. It symbolizes the state of being untainted by toxins, underscoring the importance of detoxification and purification processes in maintaining health.
58) Visit:
Visit refers to the clinical encounters where practitioners assess, diagnose, and treat patients in Ayurvedic practice. Regular visits are essential for monitoring progress and tailoring treatments for optimal health outcomes.
59) Anger (Angry):
Anger represents an emotional state that can disrupt dosha balance and overall health in Ayurveda. Addressing and managing emotional well-being is fundamental in holistic approaches to healing within Ayurvedic principles.
60) Agni:
Agni represents the digestive fire in Ayurveda, essential for metabolizing food and nutrients. Maintaining a strong Agni is crucial for health, with implications for digestion, energy levels, and overall well-being.
61) Tvak:
Tvak refers to the skin in Ayurveda, which serves as a vital organ for absorption and excretion. Understanding Tvak's condition is essential for comprehensive treatment approaches, linking external and internal health.
62) Guna:
Guna denotes the inherent qualities or attributes of substances or individuals in Ayurveda. Analyzing Guna influences treatment decisions, fostering personalized healthcare that resonates with the unique constitution of each patient.
63) Diet:
Diet encompasses the food choices and nutritional guidelines essential for health maintenance in Ayurveda. Dietary practices are tailored to individual constitution for ensuring nourishment, balance, and effective treatment of dosha imbalances.
64) Wind:
Wind refers to the environmental elements and its influence on health in Ayurveda, particularly relating to the Vata dosha. Understanding these elements is crucial for creating balanced lifestyles and health management strategies.
65) Ghi (Ghee):
Ghee is clarified butter revered in Ayurveda for its medicinal properties. It plays a critical role in therapeutic applications like Snehapana, enhancing digestion and nourishing body tissues, contributing to overall health.
66) Post:
Post indicates the phase following treatment procedures in Ayurveda, where follow-up care and recommendations are provided to sustain health and ensure effective recovery and balance in patients.
67) Shash (Sas, Sash, Sad, Shas, Shad):
Shad signifies the six types of therapies or interventions that make up the comprehensive frameworks in Ayurveda. Understanding Shad is essential for holistic treatment strategies, covering a broad spectrum of health restoration.
68) Male:
Male represents one of the genders whose treatment considerations may differ in Ayurveda. Understanding gender-specific health needs is crucial for developing effective therapeutic approaches tailored to individual experiences and biological factors.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Clinical study of snehapana based on koshta for virechana prep.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Dosha, Shakha, Shodhana, Snehana, Svedana, Mridu, Koshta, Purvakarma, Virechana, Agnidipti, Statistical analysis, Inclusion criteria, Exclusion criteria, Snehapana procedure, Shodhan Chikitsa, Poorva Karma, Panchkarma, Samyak snigdha lakshana, Paschatkarma, Twak snighdata, Abhyantar Snehapana.
Concepts being referred in other categories, contexts and sources.