Effect of rhizobium on height and nitrogen content of plants
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Effect of rhizobium on height and nitrogen content of plants
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Dr. Rafatunisa Nahri
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Effect of rhizobium on height and nitrogen content of plants
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20233-27134
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Summary of article contents:
1) Introduction
The study conducted by Dr. Rafatunisa Nahri focuses on the effect of Rhizobium species, a group of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, on the height and nitrogen content of leguminous plants, specifically soybean and urid beans. Given the challenges posed by drought and soil conditions in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, this research investigates the potential benefits of Rhizobium in enhancing crop growth and nutrient content. The significance of the study lies in its potential implications for improving agricultural practices in areas that suffer from nutrient deficiencies and water scarcity.
2) The Role of Rhizobium in Nitrogen Fixation
Rhizobium bacteria are critical for the process of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in leguminous plants. These bacteria form symbiotic relationships with plant roots, allowing them to fix atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use. The International Biological Program (IBP) catalog indicates that there are around 3,000 Rhizobium strains distributed across various countries, highlighting their diversity and importance in different ecosystems. The research emphasizes that the beneficial effects of Rhizobium on plant growth extend beyond mere nitrogen fixation; they can also promote overall plant development, thus improving crop yields.
3) Isolation and Identification of Rhizobium Strains
The methodology employed in this research includes the collection of Rhizobium strains from the root nodules of urid beans and soybeans sourced from three districts in the Marathwada region. The selection process involved identifying nodules based on their colors, with pink nodules being favored for isolation. Various tests, such as microscopy, Glucose Peptone Agar tests, and Hofers alkaline broth tests, were conducted to confirm the identity of the bacteria as Rhizobium. The research outlines the importance of precise identification in ensuring the effectiveness of these bacterial strains in agricultural applications.
4) Impact on Plant Height and Nitrogen Content
The results indicate that the strain UR5, isolated from the Parbhani district, exhibited superior performance compared to control groups, significantly enhancing the nitrogen content and height of urid beans and soybeans. Specifically, the analysis showed that strain SR5 resulted in the maximum height of soybean plants after 23 days of sowing. These findings underscore the potential of using specific Rhizobium strains to optimize plant growth and nutrient content, showcasing a path for development in sustainable agriculture through microbial inoculants.
5) Conclusion
In conclusion, the research presented highlights the vital role of Rhizobium in promoting the growth and nitrogen content of leguminous plants in drought-prone regions such as Marathwada. By isolating and characterizing specific strains of Rhizobium, the study provides valuable insights into biotechnological approaches that could enhance agricultural productivity. The findings point to the need for further exploration of microbial diversity and its application in agriculture, suggesting that biocontrol and microbial inoculants could substantially support sustainable crop management strategies in the future.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the role of Rhizobium in plants?
Rhizobium species are bacteria that fix atmospheric nitrogen symbiotically in leguminous plants like soybean and urid beans, contributing to the nitrogen content necessary for plant growth.
Which region's plants were studied for Rhizobium effects?
The study focused on plants from the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, an area characterized by uncertain rainfall and drought conditions.
How were the Rhizobium strains collected for this study?
Rhizobial strains were collected from different locations in three districts of Marathwada: Nanded, Hingoli, and Parbhani, using root nodules from local urid beans and soybeans.
What methods were used to isolate and identify Rhizobium?
Isolation and identification were conducted using microscopy, glucose peptone agar, Hofers alkaline broth, and lactose agar tests, confirming the purity of Rhizobium colonies.
What parameters were measured to determine plant growth?
The study measured nitrogen content and plant height to assess the effects of different Rhizobium isolates on the growth of urid bean and soybean plants.
Which Rhizobium strain showed the best performance in the study?
The UR5 and SR5 strains, obtained from Parbhani district, demonstrated superior nitrogen content and plant height compared to control strains in both urid bean and soybean.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Effect of rhizobium on height and nitrogen content of plants”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Medium:
In the context of this study, 'medium' refers to the cultured environment in which the plants and 'Rhizobium' bacteria are grown. It is crucial for providing nutrients necessary for the growth and interaction between the leguminous plants and the nitrogen-fixing bacteria, facilitating the experiment's objectives.
2) Sowing:
The act of 'sowing' involves planting seeds in prepared soil to germinate and grow into plants. In this study, sowing plays a vital role in assessing the impact of 'Rhizobium' on nitrogen content and growth height of soybean and urid bean after inoculation with specific bacterial strains.
3) Species:
'Species' refers to the distinct categories of living organisms. In this research, it is relevant as the study focuses on identifying different 'Rhizobium' species associated with leguminous plants, which play a key role in nitrogen fixation and enhancing the plants' growth and nitrogen content.
4) Water:
'Water' is an essential resource for plant growth. In this experiment, it is used for watering the planted seeds at regular intervals, which is critical for maintaining plant health, ensuring effective nitrogen fixation, and obtaining accurate measurements of growth height and nitrogen content post-sowing.
5) Table:
'Table' refers to a systematic arrangement of data, often used to present findings clearly. In the paper, tables present the results related to location-wise isolation of 'Rhizobium' strains, helping to illustrate the diversity and effects of different strains on the nitrogen content and growth of plants.
6) Study (Studying):
'Study' is a systematic investigation into a particular area. This term is significant as it outlines the framework of the research, focusing on the role of 'Rhizobium' in enhancing plant height and nitrogen fixation, which are essential for improving agricultural productivity in the Marathwada region.
7) Commerce:
'Commerce' refers to the activity of buying and selling. While indirectly related, the study's context in the agricultural sector connects with commerce, as enhanced plant growth through 'Rhizobium' inoculation may improve crop yield and thus contribute positively to the local economies of farming communities.
8) Science (Scientific):
'Science' encompasses the systematic study of the natural world through observation and experimentation. This research is rooted in scientific principles, particularly in microbiology and botany, as it investigates the microbiological interactions of 'Rhizobium' with leguminous plants and their effects on growth and nitrogen levels.
9) Surface:
'Surface' refers to the outermost layer of the plant roots or nodules. In this study, surface sterilization of nodules is crucial to avoid contamination before isolating 'Rhizobium,' ensuring that the experiment accurately reflects the effects of the selected strains on the plants.
10) Soil:
'Soil' is the upper layer of the earth where plants grow. In this experiment, sterilized soil provides a controlled environment for growing soybean and urid bean, allowing researchers to assess the effects of 'Rhizobium' on nitrogen fixation and plant health, crucial for agricultural success.
11) Observation:
The term 'observation' refers specifically to the process of monitoring and recording relevant data derived from the experiment. Careful observation of plants’ growth, nitrogen content, and responses to bacterial inoculation is essential for drawing meaningful conclusions and validating the research hypotheses.
12) Maharashtra (Maharastra, Maha-rashtra):
'Maharashtra' is a state in India where this study is conducted. The region's agricultural practices and issues, including drought and nitrogen deficiency, underscore the relevance of exploring 'Rhizobium' as a solution for improving crop yields and sustainable agriculture in local leguminous plant cultivation.
13) Discussion:
'Discussion' indicates the section of the paper where results are interpreted and implications are evaluated. Here, researchers analyze findings related to 'Rhizobium' effectiveness, providing insights into the significance of the data for agricultural practices and future research needed in microbial diversity and nitrogen fixation.
14) Fixation:
'Fixation' refers to the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants. In this study, biological nitrogen fixation by the 'Rhizobium' bacteria is central to the research, as understanding this process can lead to improved agricultural practices that enhance legume growth and productivity.
15) Degaon:
'Degaon' is a location in Nanded district within the Marathwada region from which specific 'Rhizobium' isolates were obtained. The geographical diversity of 'Rhizobium' strains in various locations like Degaon is significant for assessing their effectiveness in enhancing the nitrogen content and growth of urid bean and soybean.
16) Family:
'Family' refers to the taxonomic rank that groups related organisms. In this study, 'Rhizobium' belongs to the Rhizobiaceae family, which is crucial for understanding the classification and characteristics of the bacteria involved in nitrogen fixation, impacting the study's relevance in microbiological research.
17) Purity:
'Purity' pertains to the assurance that the isolated 'Rhizobium' cultures are free from contaminants. Ensuring purity is critical for the validity of experimental outcomes, as contaminated results may skew data on the effectiveness of different strains in enhancing nitrogen content and plant growth.
18) Sugar:
'Sugar' in this context relates to the carbohydrate component used in various microbiological tests to differentiate between 'Rhizobium' and other bacteria. Observation of 'Rhizobium' abilities in utilizing specific sugars informs researchers about the physiological characteristics relevant to their identification and classification.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Effect of rhizobium on height and nitrogen content of plants’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Experimental method, Symbiotic relationship, Nitrogen content.