A complete review of oldenlandia umbellata linn (impural) plant
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: A complete review of oldenlandia umbellata linn (impural) plant
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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A. Abdul Azim, M. Vanitha, C. Jothimanivannan, K. Gokulnath, S. Ganesan and P. Hari Vishva
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: A complete review of oldenlandia umbellata linn (impural) plant
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20234-27403
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Oldenlandia umbellata Linn, commonly known as "chay root" or "Indian madder," is a plant highly regarded in traditional Indian medicine, particularly in Ayurveda and Siddha, for its therapeutic benefits against various ailments. The plant is recognized for its distinctive red dye, obtained primarily from the root bark, which serves both medicinal and cosmetic purposes. This review article provides a comprehensive examination of the pharmacognosy and pharmacological activities associated with O. umbellata, highlighting its potential as a natural remedy and its significance in the development of bioactive compounds for medicinal applications.
Pharmacognostical Studies of Oldenlandia Umbellata
Recent studies have examined the pharmacognostical properties of O. umbellata, revealing the presence of various phytochemicals such as flavonoids, triterpenoids, alkaloids, and tannins in both the stem and leaves. Microscopic and macroscopic investigations have emphasized distinct traits that can aid in the identification and characterization of this medicinal herb. The identification of unique chromo-fingerprints for the plant's stem and leaves underscores its authenticity and helps in ensuring the quality of herbal products. Moreover, advances in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) have demonstrated the complexity of the phytocomponents in the plant, paving the way for further research into its active constituents and their pharmacological significance.
Pharmacological Activities and Medicinal Uses
The pharmacological investigations of O. umbellata have unearthed various activities, including its anti-tussive, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant properties. For instance, the plant's extracts exhibit significant anti-tussive effects comparable to conventional medications, showcasing its potential as a natural remedy for coughs. Additionally, studies indicate that the ethanolic extract of O. umbellata roots possesses hepatoprotective effects against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats, highlighting its role in safeguarding liver function. These findings not only affirm the traditional uses of this plant but also potentially support the development of herbal medications.
In-Vitro Propagation and Conservation
The in-vitro propagation techniques are crucial for the mass cultivation and conservation of O. umbellata, which faces threats from over-exploitation in the wild. Research has demonstrated effective protocols for shoot regeneration from nodal segments and root cultures, ensuring genetic stability and enhanced biomass production. By employing specific culture media and growth regulators like benzyladenine and quercetin, researchers can achieve considerable shoot multiplication, which is vital for both conservation efforts and sustainable harvesting practices. This aspect of research emphasizes the importance of biotechnological interventions in preserving valuable medicinal plants.
Conclusion
The findings on Oldenlandia umbellata underscore its rich therapeutic potential and multifaceted applications in traditional medicine. The cumulative evidence of its pharmacognostical properties, coupled with a variety of pharmacological activities, supports its esteemed status in herbal medicine. As the demand for natural remedies grows, continuous research on O. umbellata will be pivotal in identifying new bioactive compounds that could lead to novel drugs. Additionally, efforts to develop effective propagation techniques will play a vital role in ensuring the sustainable use and conservation of this important medicinal plant for future generations.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is Oldenlandia umbellata and its traditional uses?
Oldenlandia umbellata, known as chay root, is a plant used in traditional Indian medicine for treating asthma, bronchitis, and various ailments due to its therapeutic benefits.
What pharmacological activities are associated with Oldenlandia umbellata?
Oldenlandia umbellata exhibits anti-tussive, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-bacterial, and anti-microbial activities, making it valuable for medicinal research.
What chemical components are found in Oldenlandia umbellata?
The plant contains various phytochemicals including flavonoids, alkaloids, triterpenoids, tannins, glycosides, and others, contributing to its medicinal properties.
How has Oldenlandia umbellata been studied for in vitro propagation?
Researchers have developed methods for in vitro propagation using specific media formulations to produce multiple shoots efficiently, ensuring genetic stability and mass propagation.
What are the applications of the dye from Oldenlandia umbellata?
The plant's roots yield a red dye used historically for coloring fabrics. Research is also exploring its potential as a novel pH indicator.
Why is research on Oldenlandia umbellata important?
Research on Oldenlandia umbellata can lead to the discovery of new medicines, promoting the development of pharmaceuticals and enhancing traditional medicine practices.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “A complete review of oldenlandia umbellata linn (impural) plant”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Activity:
Activity refers to the pharmacological actions exhibited by the Oldenlandia umbellata plant, which possess several therapeutic potentialities including anti-tussive, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. Evaluating these activities provides insights into how the plant can be utilized in traditional and modern medicine for treating various health conditions.
2) Study (Studying):
The study refers to comprehensive investigations focused on Oldenlandia umbellata, delving into its pharmacognostical, medicinal, and phytochemical properties. By systematically exploring these aspects, researchers aim to validate traditional uses and uncover new therapeutic avenues for this important plant.
3) Medium:
Medium, in this context, often refers to the growth media used in in vitro cultivation of Oldenlandia umbellata. The right formulation of the culture medium is crucial for optimizing plant growth, shoot multiplication, and the production of secondary metabolites, thereby facilitating mass propagation and conservation of the plant.
4) Medicine:
Medicines highlight the outcome of using Oldenlandia umbellata for health-related purposes. Research on the plant aims to validate its traditional medicinal applications and support the creation of new treatments in various sectors of healthcare.
5) Species:
Species relates to the biological classification of Oldenlandia umbellata as a member of the Rubiaceae family. Understanding the specific characteristics and properties of this species is crucial for research on its medicinal applications and conservation efforts, highlighting biodiversity and its potential for pharmaceutical development.
6) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Anti-bacterial refers specifically to the ability of Oldenlandia umbellata to combat bacterial infections. Detailed investigations into its antibacterial properties could lead to the development of natural alternatives to synthetic antibiotics in addressing both common and resistant bacterial infections.
7) Drug:
Drugs encompass the preparations derived from Oldenlandia umbellata intended for therapeutic use. Investigating the pharmacological properties of the plant forms the basis for creating effective natural medicines that can complement traditional treatments.
8) Disease:
Disease, in this context, refers to specific health impairments or conditions that can be alleviated using the therapeutic properties of Oldenlandia umbellata. Research into the plant's effects on diseases broadens the scope of herbal medicine, demonstrating its role in holistic and traditional healthcare.
9) Field:
The field emphasizes practical research contexts surrounding Oldenlandia umbellata, including both laboratory studies and natural habitats. Understanding the field conditions can influence the outcomes of studies concerning the plant's medicinal effectiveness.
10) Rat:
Rats are commonly used animal models for pharmacological studies, including those assessing the effects of Oldenlandia umbellata. Findings from experiments on rats help extrapolate the potential therapeutic benefits and safety profiles of plant extracts, aiding in the transition from laboratory to clinical applications.
11) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological pertains to the study of the effects of Oldenlandia umbellata on biological systems. This includes its therapeutic benefits, mechanisms of action, and safety, providing vital information for integrating traditional herbal remedies into modern medical practice and developing new pharmacotherapies.
12) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
Tamilnadu is a state in India where Oldenlandia umbellata is commonly found and traditionally used in local medicinal practices. The region's rich biodiversity and cultural heritage emphasize the importance of preserving such plants, ensuring their continued use in folk medicine and future pharmaceutical studies.
13) Shalem (Salem):
Salem is a city in Tamilnadu, India, where research on Oldenlandia umbellata is conducted. The local medicinal knowledge and accessibility of the plant in this area contribute to advancing pharmacological studies and promoting traditional healthcare practices that harness its therapeutic potential.
14) Phytochemical:
Phytochemical indicates the chemical compounds derived from Oldenlandia umbellata that contribute to its medicinal properties. Understanding these phytochemicals is essential for evaluating their efficacy, safety, and potential applications in pharmaceutical development, enhancing the value of traditional herbal remedies.
15) Knowledge:
Knowledge relates to the understanding and information derived from studies on Oldenlandia umbellata, especially in traditional medicine. Preserving and documenting this knowledge is crucial for future research and for ensuring that valuable herbal wisdom continues to benefit society.
16) Family:
The family in this context reiterates the Rubiaceae family, which encompasses Oldenlandia umbellata and many other species with medicinal applications. Understanding relationships within this family aids in recognizing potential synergies or compounds of interest for pharmacological exploration.
17) Indian:
Indian is a descriptor relating to the traditional uses of Oldenlandia umbellata within India's rich cultural heritage of medicine. The plant's significance in Ayurveda and Siddha systems underscores its historical and ongoing relevance to health and healing practices in India.
18) Fabric:
Fabric refers to the materials that can be dyed using the red dye extracted from Oldenlandia umbellata's root. The plant's applications extend beyond medicine, showcasing its importance in textiles and art, indicating a broader cultural and economic value.
19) Pharmacognostical:
Pharmacognostical pertains to the study of the plant's physical and chemical characteristics, medicinal uses, and potential health benefits. This field is vital for validating traditional knowledge and providing scientific frameworks for the sustainable use of Oldenlandia umbellata.
20) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulation in this context relates to the production and concentration of beneficial compounds in Oldenlandia umbellata, particularly during in vitro propagation or under specific treatments. This understanding facilitates optimizing conditions for maximizing yield in both commercial and therapeutic applications.
21) Flavonoid:
Flavonoid, singular, highlights the individual compounds within the broader category of flavonoids that may exhibit specific health benefits. Research on individual flavonoids in Oldenlandia umbellata can provide insights into their roles and therapeutic potentials.
22) Colouring (Coloring):
Colouring refers to the capability of Oldenlandia umbellata to yield natural dyes, particularly a red pigment used historically in textiles. This aspect emphasizes the plant's dual role in both traditional medicine and as a source of sustainable coloring agents.
23) Calico:
Calico is a type of fabric that can be dyed using the pigment extracted from Oldenlandia umbellata. The historical use of the plant for dyeing calico emphasizes its significance beyond medicine, illustrating the cultural heritage associated with textile production.
24) Chaya:
Chaaya is the Tamil name for Oldenlandia umbellata, illustrating the local recognition and traditional uses of the plant in India. Understanding local nomenclature is crucial for promoting indigenous knowledge and ensuring effective communication in ethnobotanical research.
25) India:
India is the geographic origin of Oldenlandia umbellata, where it is significantly utilized in traditional medicine. The country's diverse flora and traditional practices underline the need for conservation and study of its medicinal plants, including this important species.
26) Genu:
Genu may refer to the genus name or a typographical variant of an associated term. Its context in relation to Oldenlandia umbellata is essential for clarifying its scientific classification and discussing relevant botanical characteristics.
27) Shiva (Siva):
Siva likely refers to a researcher or contributor involved in the study of Oldenlandia umbellata, underlining the collaborative nature of scientific exploration and the contributions of various individuals to the understanding of the plant's properties.
28) Silk:
Silk refers to a luxurious fabric obtained from silkworms, which can also be dyed using the red dye from Oldenlandia umbellata. This highlights the plant's versatility and importance in both medicinal and textile industries.
29) Wool:
Wool is another type of fabric that can be dyed with pigments from Oldenlandia umbellata. The plant's application in dyeing wool demonstrates its relevance in traditional crafts and the textile industry, contributing to cultural practices.
30) Nature:
Nature refers to the intrinsic characteristics and properties of Oldenlandia umbellata that define its medicinal benefits. Understanding its natural attributes is crucial for appreciating its role in traditional and modern medicine.
31) Indian madder:
Indian madder is a common name for Oldenlandia umbellata, reflecting its use in dyeing and traditional applications. This term underscores the plant's significance in cultural practices and its potential in furthering botanical studies.
32) Pharmacology:
Pharmacology is the science that investigates the plant's effects on living organisms. Research into Oldenlandia umbellata's pharmacology establishes a scientific basis for its traditional uses and informs the development of new therapeutic agents.
33) Measurement:
Measurement singularly focuses on the process of quantifying specific parameters related to the study of Oldenlandia umbellata. It is an integral aspect of scientific research that informs assessments of the plant's medicinal properties.
34) Arrangement:
Arrangement pertains to the specific order or organization of plant cells or compounds studied in Oldenlandia umbellata. Understanding the arrangement of these elements can enhance insights into the plant's biological and chemical interactions.
35) Developing:
Developing emphasizes the process of fostering advancements in understanding or applications related to Oldenlandia umbellata. It reflects the ongoing nature of research and the potential for new discoveries that can benefit traditional and modern medicine.
36) Science (Scientific):
Scientific pertains to the evidence-based approaches undertaken in studying Oldenlandia umbellata. This emphasis on scientific rigor is essential in validating traditional practices and providing a foundation for new therapeutic interventions.
37) Substance:
Substance singularly focuses on a specific chemical compound extracted from Oldenlandia umbellata, highlighting the necessity of isolating individual active components to understand their pharmacological roles and potential therapeutic effects.
38) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is the ancient system of medicine practiced in India, where Oldenlandia umbellata is recognized for its therapeutic properties. Understanding its role in Ayurveda informs contemporary practices and emphasizes the plant's historical significance in holistic health.
39) Painting:
Painting refers to artistic applications of the dye extracted from Oldenlandia umbellata. This aspect showcases the cultural significance of the plant beyond medicine, reflecting its contributions to the arts and traditional crafts.
40) Methane:
Methane may reference the gas produced or involved in some studies related to Oldenlandia umbellata, indicating the environmental considerations associated with the plant's growth or impacts on ecological systems.
41) Surface:
Surface refers to the physical characteristics of Oldenlandia umbellata as observed through various research methods. Understanding these surface traits aids in the identification and understanding of the plant's pharmacological effectiveness.
42) Forest:
Forest emphasizes the ecosystems where Oldenlandia umbellata thrives, which are essential for collecting the plant sustainably. Protecting these natural habitats is vital for the conservation of biodiversity and the continued availability of medicinal resources.
43) Siddha:
Siddha is the traditional medical system originating from Southern India, where Oldenlandia umbellata is utilized for its health benefits. Recognizing its role in Siddha reveals the integration of natural plants into holistic medical practices.
44) Malaya:
Malaya may reference a contributor involved in the study or research of Oldenlandia umbellata, symbolizing the community and collaborative efforts in advancing knowledge related to medicinal plants.
45) Vishva (Visva, Vishvasa):
Vishva is likely a contributor or part of the authorial team in the study of Oldenlandia umbellata, underscoring the collaborative nature of research and the diversity of perspectives in botanical studies.
46) Aureus:
Aureus typically refers to Staphylococcus aureus, a pathogenic bacterium studied for its susceptibility to Oldenlandia umbellata extracts. Highlighting the plant's antibacterial properties can underscore its importance in combating bacterial infections.
47) Cancer:
Cancer signifies some of the disease contexts in which Oldenlandia umbellata has been studied for potential therapeutic effects. Understanding its cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines positions it as a candidate for further pharmaceutical exploration.
48) Edema (Oedema):
Oedema refers to swelling, particularly in the context of the anti-inflammatory activity exhibited by Oldenlandia umbellata. Studying the plant's effects on oedema can aid in developing remedies for inflammatory conditions.
49) Purity:
Purity relates to the quality and composition of extracts obtained from Oldenlandia umbellata, which is essential for ensuring the efficacy and safety of the plant's pharmacological applications. High purity levels in medicinal extracts are critical in establishing trust in herbal medicines.
50) Powder:
Powder relates to the form in which Oldenlandia umbellata extracts are often produced for research and medicinal use. The powdered extracts enable easier incorporation into formulations and enhance the accessibility of the plant's beneficial properties.
51) Cotton:
Cotton refers to a fabric that can be dyed using the pigments obtained from Oldenlandia umbellata. This illustrates the plant's historical significance in textile industries, showcasing its multifaceted value beyond medicinal applications.
52) Gupta:
Gupta likely refers to a researcher or author involved in studying Oldenlandia umbellata, emphasizing the collaborative effort in advancing pharmacological research and understanding the medicinal properties of this important plant.
53) Water:
Water is often a solvent used in extracting compounds from Oldenlandia umbellata. Understanding the extraction process and the solvent's properties is essential for optimizing the yield and bioactivity of the active compounds.
54) Pulse:
Pulse in this context relates to specific pulse treatments in plant propagation and root induction. These methods are vital for optimizing the growth of Oldenlandia umbellata in vitro, ensuring successful propagation for medicinal and conservation purposes.
55) Death:
Death may refer to the implications of diseases or health conditions that Oldenlandia umbellata aims to address through its medicinal properties. The plant’s use in traditional medicine underscores the desire to mitigate health risks associated with mortality.
56) House:
House likely symbolizes the local community's traditional use of Oldenlandia umbellata for health and wellness practices. The cultural context of herbal medicine emphasizes the integral role of plants in the ecosystem of human health.
57) Hair:
Hair may refer to the fine hair structures on the plant, which can be significant in its identification and classification. Understanding these traits contributes to the broader study of plant morphology and taxonomy.
58) Tamil:
Tamil refers to the language and cultural heritage of Tamilnadu, where Oldenlandia umbellata is commonly used. Understanding the local context enhances appreciation for the plant's traditional roles in medicine and sustainable use.
59) Hari (Harin):
Hari likely refers to an author or researcher contributing to the study of Oldenlandia umbellata, highlighting the collaborative efforts and diverse expertise required in researching medicinal plants.
60) Line:
Line may refer to specific variations or classifications within the Oldenlandia umbellata species. Distinguishing lineages can be essential for understanding genetic diversity and conservation efforts related to this plant.
61) Life:
Life symbolizes the vital role Oldenlandia umbellata plays in traditional medicine and its potential impact on health and well-being. Recognizing the plant's contributions can enhance its relevance in sustainable healthcare practices.
Other Science Concepts:
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