Review on momordica dioica
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Review on momordica dioica
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Pragati S. Raut, Nikita K. Gadekar, Bhagyashree Mokale and Dr. Gajanan Sanap
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Review on momordica dioica
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20235-27733
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
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Summary of article contents:
1) Introduction
Momordica dioica, commonly known as spiny gourd or kakrol, is a perennial climbing plant that belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family. This review intends to explore its phytochemical, ethnobotanical, therapeutic, and pharmacological properties, drawing from traditional medicinal practices like Ayurveda as well as scientific findings. Traditionally, M. dioica has been used as an astringent, febrifuge, antiseptic, anthelmintic, and sedative, among other applications. Research indicates a wide array of beneficial properties, including antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and analgesic effects, which contribute to its recognition in medicinal settings.
2) Nutritional and Phytochemical Profile
The fruit of M. dioica is noted for its bitter taste due to the presence of alkaloids and other phytochemicals. Nutritionally, it is rich in vitamins, particularly vitamin C, alongside proteins, carbohydrates, and dietary fiber. The fruit contains lectins, triterpenes, and essential vitamins such as thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin. Additionally, phytochemicals like steroids, urisol and other phenolic compounds contribute to its medicinal properties. The nutrient composition includes approximately 3.19g of protein, 7.79g of carbohydrates, and a moisture content of about 84.1g per 100g of the fruit.
3) Pharmacological Activities
Research emphasizes the pharmacological activities of M. dioica, including anti-diabetic, anti-ulcer, and neuroprotective effects. Studies have demonstrated that extracts from the fruit can effectively lower blood sugar levels in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, showcasing its potential as a natural hypoglycemic agent. Furthermore, the anti-ulcerogenic properties of M. dioica were noted in experiments where it significantly reduced gastric acid output. Neuroprotective effects were observed through decreased locomotor activity in tests using methanol and water extracts, indicating its potential role in protecting against neurodegenerative conditions.
4) Traditional Uses and Future Potential
Traditionally, M. dioica has been employed in treating various ailments such as hypertension, skin problems, and gastrointestinal disorders. The versatility of its applications highlights the importance of integrating traditional knowledge with scientific investigation for better therapeutic outcomes. There are also indications that M. dioica could play a role in combating antibiotic resistance, illustrating the plant's relevance in modern health challenges. Extensive research into its varied properties and the establishment of proper formulations could pave the way for more widespread use in herbal medicine.
5) Conclusion
In summary, M. dioica stands out as a valuable herb not only for its nutritional benefits but also for its rich array of pharmacological properties. Although it has primarily been recognized as a vegetable, its medicinal potential is vast, warranting further investigation. Understanding the bioactive compounds responsible for its medicinal effects can help harness M. dioica in treating various health conditions, especially as a natural alternative to synthetic medications, particularly in light of growing global health concerns over drug resistance and side effects. Continued exploration of its therapeutic applications paves the way for the possible incorporation of M. dioica into mainstream medicine.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is Momordica dioica and its common names?
Momordica dioica, commonly known as spiny gourd, kakrol, or kantola, is a perennial climber belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. It features small, oval, spiny fruits which are consumed as vegetables.
What are the traditional uses of Momordica dioica?
Traditionally, Momordica dioica is used for its astringent, febrifuge, antiseptic, and anthelmintic properties. It is also utilized for treating bleeding piles, urinary infections, and as a sedative.
What phytochemical properties does Momordica dioica possess?
Momordica dioica contains various phytochemicals including antioxidants, flavonoids, alkaloids, vitamins, and glycosides, contributing to its medicinal value and potential health benefits.
How is Momordica dioica beneficial for diabetes?
Momordica dioica has shown potential anti-diabetic effects, with studies indicating it lowers blood sugar levels in alloxan-induced diabetic models due to its active constituents.
What nutritional components are found in Momordica dioica?
The fruits of Momordica dioica are rich in vitamins, proteins, fibers, and minerals. Nutritionally, they consist of crude protein, lipid, and carbohydrate content beneficial for health.
What pharmacological activities are linked to Momordica dioica?
Pharmacological studies reveal that Momordica dioica exhibits antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects, showing promise in treating various health conditions.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Review on momordica dioica”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) India:
India is significant as it is native to various medicinal plants, including Momordica dioica and Momordica charantia. The diverse climate and rich biodiversity allow for the cultivation of these plants, which are integral to traditional and modern medicinal practices in the country. They are often used in local cuisine and herbal remedies.
2) Activity:
Activity signifies the various pharmacological actions that substances like Momordica dioica can exhibit. This includes anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other beneficial effects that support health and help combat diseases based on traditional knowledge and scientific research.
3) Species:
Species refer to the specific classifications within the biological taxonomy system. For example, Momordica dioica is a distinct species within the Cucurbitaceae family. Understanding species is crucial for studying their medicinal properties, cultivation, and ecological roles.
4) Family:
The family designation identifies the group of related plant species sharing common traits. Momordica dioica is placed in the Cucurbitaceae family, which informs research into related species and their collective medicinal benefits.
5) Bitter:
Bitter often describes the taste profile of certain medicinal plants like Momordica dioica. The bitterness is attributed to alkaloids, which are linked to various health benefits, particularly in diabetes management and other therapeutic applications.
6) Indian:
Indian refers to the rich cultural heritage and traditional uses of plants like Momordica dioica in India. These plants are integral to Ayurvedic medicine and local culinary practices, highlighting the relationship between culture and herbal medicine in India.
7) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are the bioactive compounds found in plants. In the context of Momordica dioica, these substances play critical roles in its medicinal properties, influencing various health outcomes and therapeutic uses.
8) Science (Scientific):
Scientific relates to the systematic study and understanding of phenomena. In the context of Momordica dioica, scientific research validates traditional uses and explores their efficacy in promoting health and treating diseases.
9) Momordica charantia:
Momordica charantia, commonly known as bitter gourd, is closely related to Momordica dioica. It is notable for its medicinal properties, including its use in managing diabetes. Comparative studies between these species help elucidate their unique benefits and roles in health.
10) Study (Studying):
Study signifies the research conducted on Momordica dioica and related plants to uncover their pharmacological properties, mechanisms of action, and potential health benefits. Such studies are crucial for bridging traditional uses and modern scientific validation.
11) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological refers to the study of drug action and how substances, like those from Momordica dioica, affect biological systems. Understanding pharmacological properties is essential for developing therapeutic applications and confirming the efficacy of traditional herbal practices.
12) Rat:
Rats are often used as model organisms in scientific research to study the effects of various compounds from plants like Momordica dioica. They help in evaluating the safety and efficacy of treatments for conditions such as diabetes and cancer.
13) Bitter gourd:
Bitter gourd is a common name for Momordica charantia, known for its bitter taste and health benefits, particularly in blood sugar regulation. This vegetable's historical and contemporary relevance lies in its widespread use in culinary and medicinal applications.
14) New Delhi:
New Delhi, as the capital of India, serves as a central hub for research and policy regarding medicinal plants. It reflects the broader Indian context where traditional medicine coexists with modern healthcare systems, showcasing the integration of cultural heritage with scientific inquiry.
15) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibiotics are substances used to treat bacterial infections. Understanding the antibacterial properties of plants like Momordica dioica can provide natural alternatives or adjuncts to synthetic antibiotics in medical treatments.
16) Maharashtra (Maharastra, Maha-rashtra):
Maharashtra is a state in India where Momordica dioica is cultivated and utilized. The region's biodiversity contributes to the availability and usage of various medicinal plants, underscoring local agricultural and healthcare practices.
17) Medicine:
Medicines encompass the substances used to prevent or treat health conditions. The role of plants like Momordica dioica in traditional and modern medicine underscores their importance in global healthcare.
18) Disease:
Diseases encompass various health issues that can potentially be treated or managed with medicinal plants like Momordica dioica. Research into these plants offers insights into natural remedies.
19) Karela:
Karela is a term used in India to refer to Momordica charantia, emphasizing its culinary and medicinal uses. This connection highlights the importance of local vernacular names in understanding plant significance in different cultures.
20) Cancer:
Cancer signifies a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth, where treatments may include natural compounds from plants like Momordica dioica. Scientific studies aim to explore and validate the anticancer properties of such plants.
21) Sharman (Sarma, Sarman, Sharma):
Sharma may refer to researchers or authors who contribute to the study of plants like Momordica dioica. Their work is essential for enhancing the understanding of various medicinal properties and the phytochemical composition of these plants.
22) Delhi:
Delhi, being a major urban center in India, reflects a diverse landscape for the study of medicinal plants. The city is a hub for educational institutions researching traditional medicine and its integration into modern health practices.
23) Table:
Table refers to the structured presentation of data, such as the nutritional and phytochemical composition of Momordica dioica. Tables facilitate easy access to information, aiding research and comparison among different studies.
24) Fever:
Fever is a common symptom linked to various illnesses, often treated with traditional medicines that may include plants like Momordica dioica. Understanding how such plants can affect fever symptoms supports their inclusion in holistic health approaches.
25) Male:
Male refers to one of the two sexes, particularly in the context of plant reproduction. In Momordica dioica, understanding male flowers and their role in reproduction is important for cultivation and breeding strategies.
26) Agriculture:
Agriculture involves the cultivation of plants for food and medicine. The relationship between agriculture and plants like Momordica dioica is vital, as cultivated species contribute to food security and traditional medicinal practices.
27) Flavonoid:
Flavonoid, as a general term, refers to individual compounds within the broader category of flavonoids. These compounds are studied for their roles in health, particularly their effectiveness in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
28) Himalaya (Hima-alaya):
Himalayas signify a region of rich biodiversity, including plants like Momordica dioica. The area's unique climate supports diverse flora, contributing to both agriculture and traditional medicine.
29) Leprosy:
Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease traditionally treated with various herbal remedies, including those derived from plants like Momordica dioica. Understanding their historical use can guide current therapeutic approaches.
30) Kakora:
Kakora is a common vernacular name for Momordica dioica in India. Local names highlight the integration of plants into cultural practices, especially in culinary and medicinal contexts.
31) Ulcer:
Ulcers are sores that can cause significant health issues. Plants like Momordica dioica are traditionally used for their healing properties, potentially offering natural remedies for ulcer treatment.
32) Arya:
Aryas refers to a cultural and historical term, often associated with ancient texts addressing medicinal plants. The study of natural medicine has roots in early Aryan practices.
33) Bhagirathi:
Bhagirathi may refer to an educational or institutional context where research on plants like Momordica dioica is conducted. Institutions named after historic or cultural figures may support traditional medicine studies.
34) Snake-bite:
Snake-bite poses a significant health risk that traditional remedies often aim to address. Studying the medicinal properties of plants like Momordica dioica can unveil their potential effectiveness in treating such emergencies.
35) Painting:
Painting may refer to educational or promotional materials highlighting the uses of plants like Momordica dioica. These materials serve as visual aids for awareness and education on medicinal plants.
36) Bleeding:
Bleeding refers to the loss of blood that may require medical intervention. Traditional treatments using extracts from plants like Momordica dioica highlight the diversity of natural remedies available.
37) Sanskrit:
Sanskrit is a historical language linked to ancient Indian texts that describe medicinal practices using herbs like Momordica dioica. Its study connects modern practices with traditional wisdom passed through generations.
38) Kartoli:
Kartoli is another vernacular name for Momordica dioica, illustrating the rich linguistic diversity surrounding this plant in India. Knowledge of local names enhances awareness of traditional uses and significance.
39) Mishra (Misra):
Misra reflects individuals who contribute to research on Momordica dioica. Their work often brings to light valuable insights about the plant's health benefits and pharmacological uses.
40) Behera:
Behera may reference another researcher or study associated with the exploration of Momordica dioica. Contributions from such individuals are crucial for enriching knowledge on phytotherapy.
41) Blood:
Blood serves as a vital fluid in the body, and many medicinal plants, including Momordica dioica, are studied for their effects on blood-related conditions, including glucose levels and overall health.
42) Genu:
Genu may refer to specific anatomical terms or classifications related to botanical studies. Understanding these terms is essential for accurate communication in scientific contexts, especially regarding plant morphology.
43) Crop:
Crops denote cultivated plants for human use, including food and medicine. Understanding the agricultural context of Momordica dioica emphasizes its role in food security and traditional health practices.
44) Rheumatoid arthritis:
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition where plants like Momordica dioica may have therapeutic applications. Historical and contemporary research explores the anti-inflammatory properties of these plants for managing this condition.
45) Shri-lanka (Srilanka, Sri-lanka, Shrilanka):
Shrilanka, similar to India, shows a rich diversity of medicinal plants, including Momordica dioica. The study of these plants contributes to a broader understanding of regional herbal medicine traditions.
46) Pharmacology:
Pharmacology encompasses the study of how drugs interact with biological systems. Research on Momordica dioica's pharmacological properties enhances our understanding of its health benefits and potential applications in medical therapies.
47) Observation:
Observation involves studying and recording the effects of plants like Momordica dioica on health, leading to insights that validate traditional uses and inform potential therapeutic applications.
48) Composite:
Composite refers to the compound nature of various elements studied in medicinal plants. Researching the composite nature of phytochemicals in Momordica dioica reveals potential benefits and therapeutic roles.
49) Maharudra (Maha-rudra):
Maharudra may refer to a specific researcher or academic context contributing to the study of plants like Momordica dioica. Their expertise supports the advancement of knowledge in phytochemistry and pharmacology.
50) Rajasthan:
Rajasthan's environmental conditions allow for the cultivation of medicinal plants, including Momordica dioica. The state's rich cultural heritage contributes to its traditional medicine practices.
51) Karkotaki:
Karkotaki is another vernacular term for Momordica dioica, reflecting regional names associated with the plant. Understanding such names connects people to their traditional uses and significance in local culture.
52) Maharaja (Maha-rajan, Maharajan, Maha-raja):
Maharajan may refer to individuals or institutions contributing to research or knowledge regarding Momordica dioica. Their efforts are essential in enhancing understanding of the plant’s medicinal properties.
53) Knowledge:
Knowledge signifies the accumulated understanding and research about plants like Momordica dioica. It encompasses both traditional wisdom and scientific findings, providing a comprehensive picture of its value.
54) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
Tamilnadu is a state in India where Momordica dioica is grown and utilized both in cooking and traditional medicine. Regional practices highlight the plant's versatility and importance in local diets and healing.
55) Relative:
Relative indicates the organisms closely connected through taxonomy or origin. In the context of Momordica dioica, recognizing its relatives helps in comparative studies beneficial for understanding similar medicinal properties.
56) Vinayaka:
Vinayaka may refer to institutions or individuals contributing to research on Momordica dioica. Collaborative efforts are crucial in bringing together diverse knowledge for a deeper understanding of medicinal plants.
57) Prasanna:
Prasanna might refer to contributors in research on Momordica dioica, emphasizing the collaborative aspect of scientific inquiry in the study of medicinal plants.
58) Bharathi:
Bharathi may allude to researchers or institutions focusing on the study of plants like Momordica dioica, reinforcing the importance of their contributions in the field of ethnomedicine.
59) Gujarati:
Gujarati refers to the linguistic and cultural group associated with the state of Gujarat in India, where plants like Momordica dioica are utilized in local culinary and medicinal practices, demonstrating the diversity of plant uses.
60) Calcutta:
Calcutta's historical significance as a center of trade and education influences the study of medicinal plants like Momordica dioica. The city's universities contribute to advancing research in pharmacology and traditional medicine.
61) Mountain:
Mountain regions, such as the Himalayas, provide unique ecosystems that support the growth of plants like Momordica dioica. These areas are crucial for biodiversity and traditional medicinal practices due to their rich flora.
62) Seedling:
Seedling refers to the young plant stage where growth is crucial for successful cultivation. Understanding the germination and growth conditions of Momordica dioica is important for agricultural practices.
63) Mineral:
Mineral signifies the essential elements derived from plants like Momordica dioica. Their nutritional profiles often include minerals vital for bodily functions, which add to their therapeutic value.
64) Kannada:
Kannada relates to the linguistic and cultural identity of Karnataka, India, where Momordica dioica is locally relevant. Language plays a vital role in understanding traditional uses of plants.
65) Udaipur (Udaypur):
Udaipur, known for its geographical diversity, serves as a locality for the cultivation of medicinal plants, contributing to traditional medicine practices in the region, including the use of Momordica dioica.
66) Mustard:
Mustard may refer to agricultural crops that could be studied alongside plants like Momordica dioica for their health benefits. Understanding different crops expands knowledge of dietary options and medicinal uses.
67) Coconut (Cocoanut):
Coconut commonly appears in traditional remedies associated with various plants, including Momordica dioica. Its role in folk medicine highlights the combined use of several natural ingredients for health benefits.
68) Vaidya:
Vaidya traditionally refers to a practitioner of Ayurveda in India, many of whom utilize plants like Momordica dioica in their treatments. This relationship emphasizes the importance of traditional practices in health.
69) Shukla (Sukla):
Shukla may refer to researchers or contributors with expertise in the study of medicinal plants like Momordica dioica, enhancing scientific understanding and validation of traditional knowledge.
70) Anjana (Amjana):
Anjana could indicate individuals involved in research or studies exploring the medicinal properties of plants like Momordica dioica, reinforcing the collaborative nature of scientific inquiry.
71) Bombay:
Bombay, as a historical trading center, has influenced the exploration and use of medicinal plants like Momordica dioica. Its cultural blend enriches understanding of herbal practices in urban settings.
72) Bangla:
Bangla pertains to the cultural and linguistic context of Bengal, where traditional uses of Momordica dioica are prevalent. Regional knowledge plays a significant role in the application of medicinal plants.
73) Punjab:
Punjab is a prominent agricultural state in India, facilitating the cultivation of various medicinal plants, including Momordica dioica. Its agricultural practices contribute significantly to the availability of herbal remedies.
74) Botany:
Botany is the scientific study of plant biology, encompassing the examination of species like Momordica dioica. This discipline contributes to understanding plant characteristics, uses, and ecological roles.
75) Divya:
Divya may refer to researchers or contributors in the study of medicinal plants such as Momordica dioica, emphasizing the collaborative efforts that drive research in ethnobotany.
[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 98]
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Review on momordica dioica’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Medicinal plant, Medicinal properties, Historical studies, Diuretic properties, Ayurvedic treatment, Antibacterial activity, Nutritional value, Antioxidant properties, Anti-inflammatory properties, Traditional use, Diuretic effect, Anticancer activity, Antifertility effect, Hepatoprotective effect, Hepatoprotective properties, Anti-diabetic activity, Neuroprotective effect, Traditional medicinal use, Hypoglycemic effect, Phytochemical properties, Traditional medicinal plant, Cucurbitaceae family, Insecticidal activity, Tropical and subtropical region, Culinary applications, Phytochemical constituent.