Antioxidant and cytotoxicity study of Garcinia cowa extracts.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Antioxidant and cytotoxicity study on the successive extracts of leaves, stems, and roots of the medicinal plant garcinia cowa growing in bangladesh
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Matiur Rahman, Ananta Kumar Das, Md. Farid Uddin and Koushik Saha
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Antioxidant and cytotoxicity study on the successive extracts of leaves, stems, and roots of the medicinal plant garcinia cowa growing in bangladesh
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20236-27798
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The study titled "Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Study on the Successive Extracts of Leaves, Stems, and Roots of the Medicinal Plant Garcinia cowa Growing in Bangladesh" explores the therapeutic potential of Garcinia cowa, a plant known for its traditional medicinal uses and rich in phytochemicals. The research focuses on evaluating the antioxidant activities, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and cytotoxic properties of various extracts from the leaves, stems, and roots of the plant. These assessments are critical, particularly in the context of rising interest in herbal alternatives to standard medications, especially in combating diseases like cancer.
Importance of Antioxidants
Antioxidants are crucial for combating oxidative stress in the body, which is linked to various chronic diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular conditions. The study utilized multiple assays to assess the antioxidant activity of Garcinia cowa extracts, including total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and DPPH free radical scavenging assays. The findings indicate that the root and stem extracts, particularly those extracted with n-hexane and ethyl acetate, demonstrated significant antioxidant properties, highlighting the potential of these extracts in protecting against oxidative damage.
Phenolic and Flavonoid Content
Phenolic compounds and flavonoids are essential secondary metabolites that contribute to the antioxidant activities of plants. The research evaluated the total phenolic content, which was found to be notably high in the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of the roots and stems of Garcinia cowa. Similarly, flavonoid content was assessed, with ethyl acetate, methanol, and chloroform extracts of the roots displaying the highest levels. These compounds are credited with a range of biological benefits, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties, suggesting that Garcinia cowa could serve as a source of bioactive substances for developing novel therapeutic agents.
Cytotoxicity Assessment
The study further included a brine shrimp lethality bioassay to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the plant extracts. The results revealed that certain extracts, particularly the ethyl acetate leaf extract and chloroform root extract, exhibited significant cytotoxicity, indicated by lower LC50 values. These findings align with the increasing recognition of plant-based compounds as potential candidates in cancer therapy. The cytotoxic effects observed in Garcinia cowa extracts may point to their utility in developing alternative treatments or complementary therapies for cancer management.
Conclusion
The findings of this study emphasize the potential of Garcinia cowa as a valuable source of natural antioxidants and cytotoxic agents. The research illustrates that specific extracts from the plant possess significant free radical scavenging capacities and cytotoxic effects, supporting its traditional use in medicinal practices. This highlights the importance of further studies to isolate and characterize active compounds within Garcinia cowa, which may lead to advancements in therapeutic applications for various diseases, including cancer.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the purpose of the study on Garcinia cowa?
The study investigates the antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties of extracts from the leaves, stems, and roots of Garcinia cowa, a medicinal plant found in Bangladesh.
Which methods were used to assess antioxidant activity?
The study employed total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH assay, and total antioxidant capacity to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Garcinia cowa extracts.
What were the findings related to total phenolic and flavonoid content?
Root and stem extracts in methanol and ethyl acetate showed higher phenolic content. Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts from the root demonstrated higher flavonoid content.
How was cytotoxicity evaluated in the study?
Cytotoxicity was assessed using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, indicating the extracts' effects on brine shrimp mortality.
What results were obtained regarding antioxidant capacity?
Significant antioxidant capacity was observed in n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of the root, as well as the n-hexane extract of the stem.
Did the study find any significant cytotoxic effects?
Yes, the ethyl acetate extract of leaf, chloroform extract of root, and n-hexane extract of stem showed moderate cytotoxicity against brine shrimp.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Antioxidant and cytotoxicity study of Garcinia cowa extracts.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Table:
The word 'Table' refers to a systematic arrangement of data in rows and columns, which displays results, such as the total phenolic content or flavonoid content of different extracts. Tables enhance the clarity of data presentation, making it easier for readers to interpret findings quickly and accurately.
2) Ananta (Anamta):
Ananta refers to Ananta Kumar Das, one of the authors of the study. The contributions of individual authors are crucial in scientific research as they bring expertise and distinct perspectives to the study, thus enhancing the credibility and depth of the findings presented in scientific articles.
3) Flavonoid:
The word 'Flavonoids' refers to a major category of plant compounds known for their health benefits, including antioxidant effects. The presence of flavonoids in the extracts analyzed contributes to their pharmacological potential, highlighting the relationship between diet, plant consumption, and overall health enhancement.
4) Study (Studying):
The phrase 'The study' indicates the specific research being discussed that investigates the antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of Garcinia cowa. It underscores the empirical approach taken to gather data and draw conclusions regarding the medicinal potential of natural plant extracts.
5) Activity:
In this context, 'Activity' relates to the biological and chemical processes that occur, such as antioxidant activity or cytotoxic activity of the plant extracts. Understanding these activities helps evaluate the potential therapeutic benefits of botanical substances in preventing or treating diseases.
6) Cancer:
The term 'Cancer' refers to a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation. It underscores the significance of ongoing research on natural products, like those derived from Garcinia cowa, to identify potential treatments or preventive measures against various forms of cancer.
7) Substance:
The word 'Substance' is often used interchangeably with 'substances'; it denotes a particular kind of matter with specific properties. In the context of this paper, it refers to bioactive compounds from Garcinia cowa that contribute to its therapeutic potential, necessitating exploration into their mechanisms of action.
8) Disease:
The plurals of 'Disease', referring to various health conditions, illustrate the wide spectrum of illnesses that can be influenced by dietary factors, including those found in medicinal plants. Researching these associations helps identify new natural remedies and therapeutic strategies for disease management.
9) Species:
The word 'Species' identifies a distinct group of organisms capable of interbreeding. In this research, it highlights the importance of studying specific plant species, such as Garcinia cowa, to discover their unique bioactive compounds that might address various health issues, including human diseases.
10) Powder:
The term 'Powder' describes the form of the dried plant materials that were processed for extraction in the study. The powdered form allows for efficient extraction of bioactive compounds, facilitating the analysis of their properties and the evaluation of their potential health benefits.
11) Phytochemical:
The plural term 'Phytochemicals' refers collectively to the varied bioactive compounds found in plants. This study investigates the phytochemical properties of Garcinia cowa, looking at how these compounds may contribute to health benefits and their transformative potential in pharmaceutical applications.
12) Medicine:
The term 'Medicines' refers to substances used for treating illnesses. The exploration of plant-derived medicines emphasizes the importance of traditional herbal remedies in contemporary pharmacotherapy, reflecting a growing interest in natural products as viable therapeutic alternatives.
13) Kumar:
Kumar is another contributing author, representing a significant collaborative effort in the research. Each author brings a unique set of skills and insights, thus enhancing the study's findings and contributing to the broader field of pharmaceutical and medicinal plant research.
14) Rich (Rch):
The phrase 'The rich' refers to the high concentration of beneficial compounds within the context of this study. It emphasizes the importance of rich sources of phytochemicals in herbal medicine, which can be pivotal in developing new therapeutic treatments.
15) Line:
The word 'Line' can refer to classifications within botanical taxonomy or to specific lines of research. It highlights the importance of lineage in understanding the evolution and potential applications of medicinal plants in therapeutic contexts.
16) Drug:
The term 'Drugs' encompasses substances used for diagnosing, treating, or preventing illnesses. The research highlights the potential of natural products as sources of new drugs, urging a broader exploration beyond conventional pharmaceuticals into the realm of herbal medicine to address contemporary health challenges.
17) Fight:
The term 'Fight' resonates with the struggle against diseases, particularly in the context of cancer treatments. It underscores the importance of researching natural substances to provide new therapeutic options, integrating traditional knowledge with modern medicinal efforts.
18) Pharmacological:
The term 'Pharmacological' pertains to the characteristics, effects, and mechanisms of drugs or medicinal substances. In this context, it highlights the importance of understanding the drug-like properties of compounds found in Garcinia cowa for their potential use in therapies against diseases.
19) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
The word 'Antibacterial' signifies properties that inhibit bacterial growth. This research highlights the potential of extracts from Garcinia cowa to demonstrate antibacterial activity, suggesting it may serve as a natural alternative or complement to conventional antibiotics in treating infections.
20) Civilization:
The term 'Civilization' reflects the development and advancement of human societies, which have historically utilized medicinal plants for healing. It highlights the significance of traditional herbal medicine practices that have led to the discovery and development of contemporary pharmacological treatments.
21) Calculation:
The term 'Calculation' refers to the process of determining numerical values from data collected during experiments. In this study, calculations are crucial for quantifying phenolic content and antioxidant activity, providing a quantitative assessment of the extracts analyzed.
22) Measurement:
The term 'Measurement' is integral to scientific research as it refers to the process of obtaining quantitative data regarding various attributes. Accurate measurement is vital for evaluating the potency of extracts, ensuring reliability and reproducibility in the research findings.
23) Discussion:
The term 'Discussion' pertains to the section of a research paper where results are interpreted and implications are considered. It synthesizes findings, explores the significance of the data, and connect the current study's outcomes to existing literature or clinical applications.
24) Knowledge:
The term 'Knowledge' denotes the understanding and awareness accumulated through research and experience. In this study, it reflects the integration of traditional medicinal practices and modern research methodologies to uncover the therapeutic potential of plant-derived compounds.
25) Pesticide:
The word 'Pesticide' pertains to substances that deter invasive species or pests. This term may relate to the study’s broader implications on bioactive compounds, suggesting potential applications in sustainable agriculture and pest management through naturally sourced compounds from plants.
26) Filling (Filled):
The word 'Filling' signifies the process of putting something into a designated space. In the research context, it may refer metaphorically to filling gaps in existing knowledge regarding the medicinal properties of Garcinia cowa through empirical evidence and investigation.
27) Family:
The word 'Family' refers to the taxonomic rank used to classify groups of related organisms. In the context of Garcinia cowa, it indicates its classification within the Clusiaceae family, highlighting evolutionary relationships and sharing of common characteristics that may influence its medicinal properties.
28) Killing (Killed):
The term 'Killed' refers to the investigation of cytotoxic effects in bioassays, where living organisms are subjected to various extracts. Understanding the lethality helps assess the potential therapeutic efficacy and risks associated with using specific plant extracts in treatment settings.
29) Water:
The term 'Water' refers to the solvent used in many biological and chemical processes. In the study, it signifies the medium for conducting brine shrimp lethality assays, illustrating the importance of proper environmental conditions in experimental design and results interpretation.
30) Death:
The word 'Death' signifies the cessation of life and serves as a critical endpoint in cytotoxicity studies. Understanding mortality rates in bioassays provides crucial insights regarding the effectiveness and safety of potential therapeutic agents derived from natural sources.
31) Saha (Shaha):
Saha refers to Koushik Saha, one of the co-authors of the research article. The contributions of all authors, including Saha, provide a multidimensional approach to the study, reflecting collaborative efforts in advancing research in medicinal plants and their applications in health.
32) Tree:
The word 'Tree' signifies the large, perennial plants from which Garcinia cowa is derived. Understanding the biology and medicinal properties of tree species underlines the value of biodiversity and the potential to develop herbal remedies from various botanical sources.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Antioxidant and cytotoxicity study of Garcinia cowa extracts.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Medicinal plant, Antioxidant activity, Total phenolic content, Cytotoxic activity, Flavonoid content, Chloroform extract, Brine shrimp lethality bioassay, DPPH free radical scavenging assay, Ethyl acetate extract, Total flavonoid content, Methanol extract, Phytomedicine, Total antioxidant capacity, Cytotoxicity study, IC 50 value, Plant Extract, Free Radical, Phytochemical examination, Hexane extract.