Volumetric study of sodium salicylate and 4-aminoantipyrine in solutions.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Volumetric and ultraacoustic approach to interaction of sodium salicylate and 4- aminoantipyrine drugs in aqueous glycine/l-proline solution at different temperatures
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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R. T. Sawale, S. S. Tiwade, D. B. Kadam and A. D. Arsule
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Volumetric and ultraacoustic approach to interaction of sodium salicylate and 4- aminoantipyrine drugs in aqueous glycine/l-proline solution at different temperatures
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20238-28163
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
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Summary of article contents:
1) Introduction
The study conducted by Sawale et al. focuses on the molecular interactions between sodium salicylate and 4-aminoantipyrine, two nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), in the presence of amino acids glycine and L-proline dissolved in aqueous solutions. The research emphasizes the significance of thermophysical and biological properties, which play a critical role in understanding how these drugs interact with biomolecules like proteins, lipids, and sugars. The study evaluates various properties, including density, ultrasonic velocity, and refractive index at different temperatures, offering insights into the apparent molar volumes and compressibilities of the drug solutions.
2) Importance of Molecular Interactions
Molecular interactions are crucial for understanding how drugs function within the biological system, impacting their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The study identifies various types of interactions that can occur between drug molecules and biomolecules, such as ion-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions. These interactions dictate the solubility, stability, and absorption of drugs within the body. By examining the thermodynamic behavior of sodium salicylate and 4-aminoantipyrine in conjunction with amino acids, the study aims to shed light on the drug actions and the extent of their distribution within biological tissues.
3) Volumetric Properties of Drugs
The study reports experimental findings on the volumetric properties of sodium salicylate and 4-aminoantipyrine in aqueous solutions of glycine and L-proline. It was observed that the densities increased with rising concentrations of the drugs and amino acids but decreased with increasing temperatures. The researchers calculated apparent molar volumes, which indicated that solute-solvent interactions were stronger than solute-solute interactions. This is particularly important as it suggests that hydration behavior around ionizing groups plays a fundamental role in how these drug molecules interact in solution.
4) Acoustical Properties and Implications
The research further evaluated the ultrasonic velocities of both drugs in the presence of glycine and L-proline at varying temperatures. The results indicated that ultrasonic velocities increased with higher concentrations of solutes and co-solutes, reflecting the cohesive nature of the solution. The calculated isentropic compressibility values were found to vary based on the concentration of the solutions, emphasizing the changes in the hydration layers around the drug molecules. This observed behavior provides insight into how these properties can affect drug absorption and solubility when combined with therapeutic agents.
5) Conclusion
The study concludes that the interaction of sodium salicylate and 4-aminoantipyrine with glycine and L-proline in aqueous solutions demonstrates effective solute-solvent interactions, which are enhanced by increased concentrations of cosolutes. The positive apparent molar volumes and negative compressibility values suggest a complex interplay of intermolecular forces governing these interactions. Overall, the findings contribute valuable data to the fields of pharmacokinetics and protein chemistry, providing a foundational understanding of how drug formulations can be optimized for better therapeutic efficacy. Additionally, the study highlights the significance of molecular interactions in drug action, absorption, and transport across biological membranes.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the main focus of the research article?
The research focuses on the interaction between sodium salicylate and 4-aminoantipyrine drugs in aqueous glycine/L-proline solutions. It analyzes their thermophysical and biological properties to understand molecular interactions and hydration behavior at different temperatures.
What methods were used to investigate the molecular interactions?
Density, ultrasonic velocity, and refractive index measurements were conducted for the drugs in aqueous solutions of glycine and L-proline at various temperatures. Apparent molar volumes and compressibilities were calculated to assess molecular interactions.
What are the key findings regarding solute-solvent interactions?
The study found effective solute-solvent interactions, as indicated by positive molar volumes and negative compressibilities. These interactions were observed to increase with higher concentrations of glycine/L-proline and at elevated temperatures.
How do temperature changes affect the studied interactions?
Increasing temperatures lead to enhanced solute-solvent interactions, suggesting dehydration effects. The study reveals that as temperatures rise, the ion-ion and hydrophilic interactions among molecules become more pronounced.
What significance do the findings have in pharmacology?
The results of this study provide insights into drug absorption, action, and transport across biological membranes, which are vital aspects of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, contributing to better drug design and formulation.
Were there any conflicts of interest in this research?
The authors declared that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this research article, ensuring the integrity and transparency of their findings.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Volumetric study of sodium salicylate and 4-aminoantipyrine in solutions.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Drug:
Drugs encompass a wide range of chemical compounds which have therapeutic effects on diseases and illnesses. The study of various drugs, including sodium salicylate and 4-aminoantipyrine, provides insights into their interactions with biological molecules like proteins and can aid in understanding their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
2) Table:
In scientific research, a table is a systematic arrangement of data in rows and columns, used to organize and present information clearly. Tables in the study display experimental results, including measurements of density, ultrasonic velocity, and refractive indices of drugs in aqueous solutions, facilitating comparison and analysis.
3) Water:
The term 'the water' emphasizes the specific medium used in the experiments. Understanding how drugs behave in aqueous environments is critical for determining their solubility and interaction dynamics that ultimately affect their pharmacological efficiency in biological systems.
4) Measurement:
Measurements are the results of the process involving quantifying specific parameters. In this study, several measurements, including density and ultrasonic velocity, are taken to derive other thermodynamic properties of drugs in solutions. Accurate measurements are essential for reliable data interpretation and conclusions.
5) Science (Scientific):
Sciences encompass various fields of knowledge that utilize empirical methods to study phenomena. This research integrates principles from chemical, pharmaceutical, and biological sciences to analyze the interactions between drugs and biomolecules, contributing valuable information to interdisciplinary scientific understanding.
6) India:
India is a country in South Asia where this research was conducted. The study is relevant in the context of India's healthcare landscape, addressing local health issues and contributing to the global scientific community's understanding of pharmaceutical interactions. It may impact drug development strategies within India.
7) Study (Studying):
A study is a systematic investigation of a particular subject. This research specifically examines the interactions between sodium salicylate, 4-aminoantipyrine, and aqueous glycines/L-proline solutions at various temperatures. The findings aim to enhance understanding of drug solubility, efficacy, and interactions in biochemical environments.
8) Activity:
Activity in a pharmacological context refers to the biological effect or action a drug has on living organisms. The research delves into the anti-inflammatory activity of sodium salicylate and 4-aminoantipyrine, offering insights into how their molecular properties influence therapeutic outcomes.
9) Disease:
Diseases are health conditions characterized by specific pathological processes. The research contributes to the broader field of understanding how drugs affect disease states, specifically focusing on anti-inflammatory properties that have implications for various inflammatory diseases prevalent in the population.
10) Svamin (Svami, Swami, Swamin):
Swami refers to a title indicating respect or a religious figure, and in this context, it denotes Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University in Nanded, India, where this research was conducted. The institution serves as a significant center for scientific education and research.
11) Salt (Salty):
In the context of pharmacology, salt can refer to ionic compounds formed from the reaction of an acid and a base that often influence the solubility and absorption of drugs. Sodium salicylate is a salt derived from salicylic acid and is utilized for its therapeutic properties.
12) Life:
Life refers to the condition that distinguishes living organisms from inorganic matter, encompassing biological processes. The research directly addresses the implications of drug interactions on living systems, enhancing understanding of how pharmaceuticals impact life forms at molecular and cellular levels.
13) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a biological response to harmful stimuli and is often treated with anti-inflammatory drugs. The study focuses on the molecular interactions of sodium salicylate and 4-aminoantipyrine, which are significant in managing inflammation and related diseases, highlighting their therapeutic relevance.
14) Calculation:
Calculation involves determining numerical values based on measured data. In this study, calculations of apparent molar volumes, isentropic compressibility, and other properties derived from experimental measurements are crucial for analyzing the behavior of drugs in solution and understanding their interactions.
15) Observation:
Observation is a method used in scientific research to gather data by examining effects or phenomena. In this study, observations regarding the thermophysical properties of drugs in solution contribute to elucidating the nature of molecular interactions and inform about their biological implications.
16) Discussion:
Discussion in a research context refers to the section where results are interpreted, contextualized, and implications are drawn. In this paper, the discussion of findings elaborates on how the measured properties reflect the molecular interactions of the studied drugs, providing insights into their pharmacological profiles.
17) Knowledge:
Knowledge represents the information, understanding, and insights gained through research and study. This research adds to the collective knowledge of pharmaceutical science, particularly in understanding drug interactions, solubility, and their implications for drug design and therapeutic applications.
18) Medicine:
Medicine refers to the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. The focus of this study is on understanding the interactions of specific NSAIDs within medicinal chemistry, aiming to improve therapeutic options for managing inflammation and associated conditions.
19) Purity:
Purity refers to the degree to which a substance is free from impurities or contaminants. In pharmaceutical contexts, the purity of drugs like sodium salicylate and 4-aminoantipyrine is crucial for ensuring their efficacy and safety in therapeutic applications, relating to research conducted on these substances.
20) Medium:
Medium in a scientific context refers to the substance or environment in which a reaction or observation occurs. In this study, the aqueous solutions of glycine/L-proline serve as mediums for examining the interactions of drugs, influencing their behaviors and properties.
21) Bindu (Bimdu):
Bindu refers to Digambarrao Bindu ACS College, which is one of the institutions where researchers are affiliated. The college adds credibility to the research output, indicating collaboration in the study of chemical interactions regarding drugs in various solutions.
22) Gupta:
Gupta likely refers to J. Gupta, one of the researchers involved in the study. Their contribution emphasizes collaborative research efforts, enhancing the understanding of pharmaceutical properties through collective expertise in the examination of drug interactions in solutions.
23) Kadam:
Kadam refers to D. B. Kadam, a co-author of the study. His involvement signifies contributions from multiple researchers in advancing drug interaction science and enhancing the knowledge base surrounding the impact of drugs in biochemical environments.
24) Sugar:
Sugar, a form of carbohydrate, can interact with drugs in biochemical contexts. While not directly the focus of this study, the inclusion of amino acids like glycine and L-proline touches upon the broader realm of how various organic compounds influence drug properties.
25) Blood:
Blood is a vital fluid in the body that carries nutrients, gases, and waste, and is often a medium for drug distribution. This study indirectly relates to blood as it seeks to understand how drugs like sodium salicylate and 4-aminoantipyrine interact at the molecular level, influencing therapeutic outcomes.
26) Ashta (Ashtan, Asta, Astan):
Asta likely refers to A. D. Arsule, another researcher involved in the study. Their collaboration reinforces the significance of teamwork in scientific endeavors, contributing to the results and discussions pertaining to the interaction and properties of drugs in various environments.
27) Sah:
Shah refers to S. Baluja and A. Shah, who are mentioned in the article for their prior related research. Their work serves as a backdrop for the current study, underscoring foundational studies that contribute to advancements in understanding drug interactions and properties.
28) Hand:
Hand generally denotes a part of the body but can also symbolize assistance or contribution. In this research context, it may reflect on teamwork and collaborative efforts undertaken by various researchers in their quest to unravel complex molecular interactions in pharmacology.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Volumetric study of sodium salicylate and 4-aminoantipyrine in solutions.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Drug action, Refractive index, Temperature effect, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), Aqueous solution, Optical properties, Molecular interaction, Density measurement.