Thermodynamic study of antibacterial sulfasalazine in mannose solutions.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Thermodynamic behaviour of antibacterial sulphosalicylic drug in aqueous solution of mannose solutions through density, refractive index and utraacoustic properties
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J. N. Chormalle, S. N. Gundale, A. V. Pawde, Rahul Jadhav and A. D. Arsule
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Thermodynamic behaviour of antibacterial sulphosalicylic drug in aqueous solution of mannose solutions through density, refractive index and utraacoustic properties
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20238-28158
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Sulphosalicylic acid, a sulfa drug effective against various bacterial infections and utilized in urine protein tests, has been the subject of extensive research for its thermophysical properties. In this study, the interaction of sulphosalicylic acid in aqueous D-mannose solutions was examined through measures of density, refractive index, and ultrasonic velocity. The properties were assessed across various concentrations, providing insights into solute-solvent and solute-solute interactions, particularly focusing on the thermodynamic behavior of the drug in different concentrations of D-mannose.
Thermodynamic Properties
The research measured the density, ultrasonic velocity, and refractive index of sulphosalicylic acid in different concentrations (0.02 to 0.1 mole·kg^-1) of D-mannose at a constant temperature of 303.15 K. The findings reveal that density increased with higher concentrations of the drug, indicating effective solute-solvent interactions. Additionally, the apparent molar volumes calculated from the density data were positive and exhibited an increasing trend, which implies strong solute-solvent interactions between sulphosalicylic acid and D-mannose. These volumetric properties were further analyzed using Masson's equations, demonstrating significant hydrophilic interactions in the solutions.
Acoustic Properties
Ultrasonic velocity measurements represented another key aspect of the study, shedding light on the solvation behavior of the solutions. As the concentration of sulphosalicylic acid and D-mannose increased, ultrasonic velocity also rose, revealing insights into the specific acoustic impedance and isentropic compressibility. The isentropic compressibility values decreased with rising concentrations, suggesting that the measured interactions were primarily hydrophilic, confirming the favorable solute-solvent relationships within the studied system. The apparent molar isentropic compressibility was notably negative, reflecting strong solute-solvent interactions in the solutions.
Refractive Properties
In addition to density and ultrasonic measurements, refractive index data showed an increase corresponding to the concentration of sulphosalicylic acid in D-mannose solutions. This trend indicates enhanced compactness within the solution, attributed to the interactions between the solutes and solvent. The increasing refractive index supports the findings from both volumetric and acoustic studies, validating the significant relationships between the molecular components present in the solutions.
Conclusion
This investigation into the thermodynamic behavior of sulphosalicylic acid in aqueous D-mannose solutions yielded crucial insights into the physical interactions at play. Positive values for apparent molar volumes indicated strong solute-solvent interactions, while the observed negative compressibility values suggest dominance of hydrophilic interactions over hydrophobic ones. These findings highlight the complex nature of drug-solvent interactions and their thermodynamic implications, reinforcing the importance of understanding such properties in pharmaceutical applications. Overall, the study provides a comprehensive overview of the thermodynamic characteristics of a vital antibacterial drug in biologically relevant solvent environments.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the focus of the study conducted by Arsule et al.?
The study investigates the thermodynamic behavior of sulphosalicylic acid in aqueous D-mannose solutions, focusing on density, refractive index, and ultrasonic properties at a temperature of 303.15 K.
What properties of sulphosalicylic acid were measured in the study?
Density, refractive index, and ultrasonic velocity of sulphosalicylic acid in various concentrations were measured to derive thermodynamic properties related to molecular interactions.
How does D-mannose affect sulphosalicylic acid interactions?
D-mannose enhances hydrophilic interactions with sulphosalicylic acid, influencing solute-solvent interactions and affecting the overall thermodynamic properties of the solution.
What significant results were obtained regarding volumetric properties?
Apparent molar volumes were found to be positive, indicating strong solute-solvent interactions and the dominance of hydrophilic-hydrophilic interactions as sulphosalicylic acid concentration increases.
What conclusions were drawn about ultrasonic properties?
Ultrasonic velocity increased with the concentration of sulphosalicylic acid and D-mannose, indicating significant solute-solute and solute-solvent interactions in the solution.
What does the study signify for drug interactions in solutions?
The findings highlight the importance of molecular interactions in drug solutions, crucial for understanding solvation behavior and drug action across biological membranes.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Thermodynamic study of antibacterial sulfasalazine in mannose solutions.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Drug:
In pharmacology, a drug is a chemical substance used to diagnose, cure, mitigate, treat, or prevent disease. In this context, sulphosalicylic acid is highlighted as an antibacterial drug, showcasing its interaction with d-mannose in aqueous solutions, which is significant for understanding drug effectiveness and solvation behavior in biochemistry.
2) Water:
Water serves as the universal solvent in many biological and chemical processes, making it crucial for drug solvation and interaction studies. The experiment emphasizes the role of water in facilitating solute-solvent interactions, which are vital for understanding how drugs operate within biological systems and their efficacy.
3) Table:
In research articles, tables summarize experimental data and findings systematically for clarity. They organize quantitative information such as measured densities, acoustic properties, and calculated values related to sulphosalicylic acid and d-mannose interactions, aiding readers in quickly discerning trends and results derived from experimental observations.
4) India:
India is the geographic context for the research, indicating the location of the research institutions involved in the study. The use of Indian institutions highlights regional contributions to scientific knowledge, particularly in chemistry and pharmaceuticals, as well as the need for local studies on drug interactions in native populations.
5) Measurement:
Measurements refer to the process of systematically determining the properties and dimensions of substances. In this study, multiple measurements serve to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the data collected, such as density and ultrasonic velocity, which are crucial for analyzing drug behavior in various concentrations.
6) Science (Scientific):
Sciences encompass a broad field that includes various disciplines, such as chemistry and biology, that contribute to our understanding of the natural world. This study sits within the intersection of pharmaceutical sciences, particularly focusing on the chemical interactions and properties of drugs in biological contexts.
7) Patil:
Patil refers to Madhavrao Patil College, the affiliation of one of the researchers, A. D. Arsule, underscoring the contribution of educational institutions to scientific research. It highlights the importance of collaboration between academia and practical research in generating valuable knowledge within the pharmaceutical sciences.
8) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibacterial refers to substances that inhibit bacterial growth or kill bacteria. The study focuses on sulphosalicylic acid, which is characterized as an antibacterial drug, emphasizing its application in treating infections and the importance of understanding its interactions in solution to enhance its effectiveness against various bacterial strains.
9) Discussion:
Discussion in a scientific context refers to the section of an article where results are interpreted and contextualized. Here, it evaluates the implications of the data collected about drug interactions and thermodynamic properties, helping to elucidate the underlying principles governing drug behavior in solutions.
10) Activity:
In pharmacological terms, activity refers to the effectiveness of a drug in producing a desired therapeutic effect. The evaluation of the antibacterial activity of sulphosalicylic acid in different concentrations of d-mannose emphasizes the significance of understanding molecular interactions in enhancing drug efficacy.
11) Mahatman (Mahatma, Maha-atman):
Mahatma is part of Mahatma Jyotiba Fule Junior College, associated with one of the research participants. It highlights the importance of local educational institutions in contributing to scientific research and fostering educational growth within the realms of chemistry and pharmaceuticals in India.
12) Species:
Species in biological terms refers to a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. The research may indirectly relate to various bacterial species targeted by the studied antibacterial drug, underscoring the need to evaluate drug effectiveness against specific pathogens in medical applications.
13) Surface:
Surface refers to the outer layer or interface where interactions between molecules occur. In the context of this study, understanding surface interactions between drugs and solvent molecules is essential for elucidating solvation mechanisms, which impact the pharmacological activity and distribution of drugs within biological systems.
14) Medium:
Medium in a scientific context refers to the environment in which biochemical interactions occur. In this study, aqueous solutions represent the medium facilitating the interaction between sulphosalicylic acid and d-mannose, essential for understanding the solvation behavior of drugs in biologically relevant environments.
15) Sugar:
Sugar, specifically d-mannose in this research, represents a carbohydrate that can influence drug behavior in solution. Its role as a cosolute emphasizes how sugars can modify physicochemical properties and enhance the thermodynamic profiles of antibacterial drugs, impacting their effectiveness and absorption.
16) Study (Studying):
Study refers to the systematic investigation carried out to understand the thermodynamic behavior of a particular drug in specific solutions. It encompasses the methodologies applied and the analyses conducted to derive insights into how the drug interacts with solvents, which is critical for pharmaceutical developments.
17) Svamin (Svami, Swami, Swamin):
Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, where one of the researchers is affiliated, illustrates the role of Indian academic institutions in scientific research. It signifies the collaborative efforts in contributing to deeper understandings of chemistry and its applications in pharmaceuticals by fostering research-oriented education.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Thermodynamic study of antibacterial sulfasalazine in mannose solutions.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Drug action, Refractive index, Antibacterial drug, Aqueous solution, Molecular interaction, Density measurement.