Synthesis of SBA-16 mesoporous sieves from rice husk ash.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Synthesis of mesoporous molecular sieves sba-16 from agricultural wastematerial as rice husk ash
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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S. B. Shete
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Synthesis of mesoporous molecular sieves sba-16 from agricultural wastematerial as rice husk ash
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20238-28153
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The synthesis of mesoporous molecular sieves, specifically SBA-16, from agricultural waste such as rice husk ash (RHA) presents a sustainable approach to utilizing by-products from rice milling. With global rice production exceeding 700 million tons annually and India contributing about 20 million tons of rice husk, the effective utilization of this waste material is essential. Traditional methods often lead to environmental concerns, including open burning. This research investigates the potential of transforming rice husk waste into valuable mesoporous materials, which not only aids in waste management but also reduces costs and mitigates greenhouse gas emissions.
Crystallization Kinetics
One of the critical aspects of this research is the investigation into the crystallization kinetics of SBA-16 synthesized from RHA. Through experiments, the activation energy for the crystallization kinetics was calculated using the Arrhenius equation and found to be 184.62 kJ/mole. A deeper understanding of crystallization allows for the optimization of synthesis parameters - a crucial step in enhancing the efficiency of producing these mesoporous materials. The study provided insights into how different calcination temperatures affect the crystalline structures formed, with specific ranges yielding the best results in terms of crystallinity and structural integrity.
Synthesis Process and Characterization
The process of synthesizing SBA-16 involved hydrothermal methods using a combination of RHA and chemical agents such as Pluronic F127, butanol, and hydrochloric acid. The rice husk was initially treated to extract silica, which was crucial for the synthesis of mesoporous structures. Characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2-sorption studies, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), were employed to analyze the properties of the synthesized materials. The results demonstrated that the synthesized materials maintained a well-ordered hexagonal array, with optimal conditions achieved at a calcination temperature of 550 °C.
Structural and Textural Properties
Further analysis revealed that the structural and textural properties of the mesoporous materials varied significantly with calcination temperature. At 550 °C, the synthesized SBA-16 exhibited 100% crystallinity and a high surface area, indicating robust pore architecture. However, as the temperature increased beyond 600 °C, a decline in crystallinity and structural integrity was observed, leading to transformations in the material's characteristics. This emphasizes the importance of precise temperature control during the calcination phase to ensure the desired properties of the final product are achieved.
Conclusion
In conclusion, this research highlights the potential of converting agricultural waste, particularly rice husk ash, into economically viable and environmentally friendly mesoporous materials. It demonstrates that not only can high-value materials like SBA-16 be synthesized efficiently from low-cost inputs, but also that careful manipulation of synthesis conditions can optimize crystallization and structural integrity. The findings encourage further exploration into using agricultural by-products for creating advanced materials, contributing to sustainable practices and addressing pressing environmental issues.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the significance of using rice husk ash in synthesis?
Rice Husk Ash has a high silica content and can be utilized as a low-cost raw material. This leads to creating valuable materials while reducing agricultural waste and minimizing environmental impact.
What are the key characteristics of mesoporous material SBA-16?
SBA-16 is known for its large surface area, ordered structure, and uniform pore sizes ranging from 20-100 Å. It is especially useful in applications like catalysis and molecular sieving.
How is rice husk silica extracted for synthesis purposes?
The extraction involves washing and drying rice husks, followed by treatment with hydrochloric acid at high temperatures to obtain silicate, which is then used in hydrothermal synthesis of SBA-16.
What temperatures were used for the hydrothermal synthesis of SBA-16?
Synthesis was performed at various temperatures: 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, and 90°C. These variations are critical for optimizing material properties and crystallization.
What does the activation energy of crystallization indicate?
The activation energy for the crystallization of SBA-16 was found to be 184.62 kJ/mole, suggesting the energy required for the phase transition from the amorphous to crystalline structure.
What are the potential applications of the synthesized RHA-SBA-16?
RHA-SBA-16 can be employed in water purification technologies, as catalysts, and in ion exchange or adsorbent applications, highlighting its versatility and importance in various industries.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Synthesis of SBA-16 mesoporous sieves from rice husk ash.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Rice (Rce):
The rice involved in this context emphasizes the agricultural aspect, particularly the by-product of rice milling. Highlighting rice underscores the importance of utilizing agricultural waste, like rice husk, in developing new materials that contribute to sustainability and waste reduction in industrial applications.
2) Water:
Water is essential for many chemical and biological processes, including those involved in the extraction of silica from rice husk through acid hydrolysis. It plays a crucial role in the preparation of synthesis gel and acts as a solvent in various chemical reactions, contributing to material synthesis.
3) Surface:
The surface of a material is critical for defining its reactivity and interaction with other substances. In the context of mesoporous materials, surface area influences adsorption properties and catalytic activity, which are significant in various applications, including environmental remediation and chemical processing.
4) Wall:
The wall denotes the structural element of porous materials. In material science, the wall thickness and stability impact the overall functionality of mesoporous materials. Investigating these parameters is crucial to enhancing material characteristics relevant for applications in catalysis, separation technologies, and environmental remediation.
5) Observation:
Observations refer to the recorded insights gathered from experimental studies. This research relies on observations collected from various characterization methods, which inform conclusions about the properties of synthesized materials, enhancing understanding of how synthesis conditions influence structural and textural properties.
6) Relative:
The Relative emphasizes the comparative aspects of measurements and findings in the research context. Understanding relative changes or properties enables researchers to assess the implications of different synthesis parameters on material characteristics, thus leading to insights regarding performance and applicability of synthesized mesoporous materials.
7) Table:
Table in this context refers to organized data that summarizes key findings from the research. Tables facilitate the comparison of crystallinity, structural, and textural properties of synthesized materials under varying conditions, providing a clear overview that aids in the interpretation and communication of results.
8) Food:
Food refers to rice as a primary source of sustenance for billions of people worldwide. The significance of rice extends beyond nutrition, as it also presents opportunities for resource management, especially in utilizing agricultural by-products for materials synthesis, thus addressing both food security and environmental concerns.
9) Purna:
Purna refers to the geographic location related to the research institution where the experiments were conducted. The specific context provides a regional perspective regarding the agricultural practices and availability of agricultural waste, such as rice husk, which is utilized in the synthesis of mesoporous materials.
10) Study (Studying):
Study encompasses the comprehensive research undertaking focused on synthesizing mesoporous materials from rice husk ash. This study aims to explore innovative uses for agricultural waste, assessing properties and potential applications, thereby contributing to sustainable practices and improved material performance in various industrial applications.
11) Earth:
Earth refers to our planet, underscoring the global impact of agricultural practices. The research emphasizes the need to better manage natural resources and utilize agricultural by-products like rice husk ash to develop eco-friendly materials, thereby tackling issues like environmental pollution and promoting sustainability.
12) Purification:
Purification refers to processes aimed at removing impurities or contaminants from substances. In the context of mesoporous materials synthesized from rice husk ash, purification underscores their potential applications in water treatment and environmental remediation, showcasing how these materials can help address critical environmental challenges.
13) Transformation (Transform, Transforming):
Transform denotes the substantial change in the state or structure of a material due to various processes. In this research, transforming rice husk into mesoporous materials highlights innovative recycling approaches, leveraging agricultural waste to develop advanced materials, which can significantly impact sustainable industrial practices.
14) Discussion:
Discussion involves critical analysis and interpretation of experimental results. In scientific research, this section contextualizes findings, compares them with existing literature, and explores implications. The discussion illuminates the significance of the data collected during synthesis and characterization of mesoporous materials derived from agricultural waste.
15) Channel:
Channel pertains to the individualized pathways observed in the pore structure of mesoporous materials. The design and characteristics of these channels influence material functionality, impacting factors like adsorption capacity, permeability, and efficiency in applications such as environmental remediation and molecular separation.
16) Heating:
Heating is a crucial step in the synthesis of materials, enhancing the crystallization process. This research explores the effects of varying heating temperatures on the structural integrity and properties of synthesized mesoporous materials, aiming to find optimal conditions that yield desirable characteristics and performance.
17) Family:
Family in this context defines a group of materials sharing similar properties or structures. The SBA family represents a class of mesoporous materials, including SBA-16, which are characterized by specific pore structures and applications, thereby contributing to research advancements in material science and industrial applications.
18) Field:
Field indicates specific areas of expertise or research applications. The context of the study highlights fields such as material science and environmental engineering, emphasizing the relevance of developing sustainable mesoporous materials from agricultural waste like rice husk ash for various industrial uses.
19) Santa (Shanta, Samta, Shamta):
Santa, as in Santa Barbara, references a geographical location associated with research advancements in mesoporous materials. Noteworthy developments originated from institutions such as Santa Barbara University, contributing foundational knowledge and inspiring continued exploration in synthesizing and applying mesoporous materials in various industries.
20) India:
India signifies a major global player in rice production, contributing to agricultural practices and the abundance of rice husk as a waste product. This relevance is crucial for the study, as the focus on utilizing agricultural by-products aligns with national goals for sustainable development and waste management.
21) Paddy:
Paddy defines the cultivated rice plant, from which rice is harvested. The processing of paddy generates substantial amounts of rice husk, viewed in the study as a valuable by-product. This relationship illustrates how agricultural waste can be transformed into useful materials through innovative scientific research.
22) Burning (Burn, Burned, Burnt):
Burnt refers to the common practice of incinerating agricultural waste, such as rice husk, which poses significant environmental concerns. The study advocates for alternative methods to utilize waste materials rather than burning them, aligning with sustainability goals and promoting the development of high-value materials from agricultural by-products.
23) Pose:
Pose indicates the challenges or risks associated with certain practices. In this study, the disposal of agricultural waste, particularly through burning, poses environmental and health risks. The research aims to present sustainable alternatives that mitigate these risks by innovatively utilizing waste materials like rice husk ash.
Other Science Concepts:
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