A review on action of ghrita in conduct disorders

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: A review on action of ghrita in conduct disorders
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Author:

Dr. Avinash Katti and Dr. Jithesh Chowta


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: A review on action of ghrita in conduct disorders

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20239-28253

Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved


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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Conduct disorder is a behavioral issue observed in children and adolescents, characterized by a persistent pattern of violating the rights of others and social norms. It presents itself through aggressive and non-aggressive behaviors, which can severely impair a child's social, academic, and familial functioning. Research indicates that boys are more frequently affected than girls, with prevalence rates between 2% to 5% in children aged 5-12 years, and 5% to 9% in adolescents aged 13-18 years. Ayurvedic treatment, particularly the use of Ghrita (medicated ghee), is suggested for managing conduct disorder due to its numerous beneficial properties.

The Role of Ghrita in Treating Conduct Disorder

Ghrita's effectiveness in treating conduct disorders lies in its multidimensional properties as described in Ayurvedic classics. Recognized as a Rasayana (rejuvenative), Ghrita is known to balance Vata and Pitta doshas while enhancing Kapha, supporting mental and physical well-being. Specifically, formulations like Brahmi Ghrita and Kalyanaka Ghrita have been emphasized for their medicinal benefits in the context of conduct disorders. These preparations are thought to improve cognitive functions, emotional stability, and overall strength, making them suitable for treating children who exhibit conduct disorder symptoms.

Characteristics and Severity of Conduct Disorder

Conduct disorder can be classified into three types based on the onset of symptoms: childhood onset, adolescent onset, and unspecified onset. The behaviors associated with conduct disorder can be grouped into aggressive actions, property destruction, deceitfulness, and serious rule violations. The severity of symptoms is typically categorized as mild, moderate, or severe, each presenting a different level of impact on the individual and their environment. Mild cases might involve simple mischief, while severe cases could include serious criminal behavior, necessitating urgent intervention.

Therapeutic Approaches

Treatment strategies for conduct disorder include various forms of therapy such as cognitive behavioral therapy, family therapy, and peer group therapy. Medication is not typically designated for conduct disorder specifically; however, the benefits of holistic approaches including the incorporation of Ghrita into treatment plans are highlighted. The properties of Ghrita are believed to provide supports that alleviate stressful psychological states, thus aiding in the management of behavior disorders among children.

Conclusion

Early detection and intervention are crucial in managing conduct disorder in children. Awareness among parents is essential to recognize symptoms and seek timely support from healthcare professionals. The integration of Ghrita in treatment not only addresses the physical manifestations of the disorder but also promotes emotional and mental well-being. Overall, proper guidance, support, and therapeutic interventions offer a comprehensive approach to managing and treating conduct disorders effectively.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is conduct disorder and its main characteristics?

Conduct disorder is a behavior disorder in children characterized by persistent patterns of antisocial behavior. These may include aggression towards people or animals, property destruction, deceitfulness, and serious violations of rules, leading to significant impairments in social and academic functioning.

What role does Ghrita play in managing conduct disorder?

Ghrita is used in Ayurvedic treatment for conduct disorder due to its Rasayana properties, which help balance Vata and Pitta doshas. Formulations like Brahmi Ghrita and Kalyanaka Ghrita are specifically indicated for such behavioral issues.

What are the types of conduct disorder recognized?

The types of conduct disorder include childhood-onset type, where signs appear before age ten; adolescent-onset type, where signs emerge during teenage years; and unspecified onset type, where the age of onset is not known.

What are common causes of conduct disorder in children?

Common causes include brain damage, traumatic events, genetic factors, child abuse, past academic failures, and social problems. These factors can disrupt emotional regulation and lead to antisocial behaviors.

How is conduct disorder treated according to Ayurveda?

Ayurvedic treatment for conduct disorder focuses on herbal formulations like Ghrita and therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy, family therapy, and peer group therapy, ensuring to address the root causes and behavioral patterns.

What are the benefits of using Ghrita in treatment?

Ghrita enhances strength and nourishment, mitigates Vata and Pitta, and is effective in addressing neurological disorders. Its lipid-soluble nature allows for better absorption into the bloodstream and brain, benefiting the treatment of conduct disorders.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “A review on action of ghrita in conduct disorders”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Ghrita (Ghrta):
Ghrita is clarified butter popularly used in Ayurveda for its health benefits. It is considered a Rasayana (rejuvenating substance) that can pacify Vata and Pitta doshas while promoting overall health. Its usage is significant in treating mental disorders, including conduct disorder, due to its nourishing properties.

2) Vibhrama:
Vibhrama refers to a state of confusion or disturbance. In the context of conduct disorders, it indicates disordered behavior influenced by mental and emotional disturbances, reflecting the child's disruption in social norms. The term helps to identify the unstable cognitive and emotional states prevalent among affected individuals.

3) Katti:
Dr. Avinash Katti is a primary author involved in the research and discussion around the use of Ghrita in managing conduct disorders. His expertise in Ayurveda lends credibility to the examination of traditional remedies in modern contexts, highlighting the intersection of ancient practices and contemporary psychology.

4) Samhita:
Samhita refers to the ancient Ayurvedic texts, including Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita. These texts compile knowledge on health, medicine, and treatment methodologies, serving as key resources for understanding Ayurvedic principles. Their insights guide the therapeutic application of substances like Ghrita in treating conduct disorders.

5) Drug:
Drugs, in the Ayurvedic context, encompass various natural remedies and therapeutic formulations, which include plant-based ingredients and compounds like Ghrita. The term underlines the holistic approach of Ayurveda, favoring the utilization of time-tested natural substances over synthetic medications for treating disorders.

6) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient system of medicine from India, focusing on holistic healing and balance within the body. It emphasizes the use of natural substances, such as Ghrita, to correct imbalances in doshas (body energies). Ayurvedic practices contribute to understanding and treating behavioral disorders like conduct disorder.

7) Madhura:
Madhura translates to 'sweet' and describes a fundamental taste in Ayurveda. It is believed to have soothing, nourishing effects, beneficial for balancing Vata and Pitta doshas. In Ayurvedic treatments, substances with Madhura qualities are preferred for children, aiding their psychological and physical health.

8) Ghi (Ghee):
Ghee, the clarified butter integral to Ghrita, is renowned for its health benefits, including enhancement of cognitive functions and overall well-being. In Ayurvedic medicine, ghee is prized for its ability to carry other medicinal herbs to target areas in the body, particularly when addressing mental health issues.

9) Kashyapa (Kasyapa, Kashya-pa):
Kashyapa refers to a sage in Ayurveda whose writings contribute to child health and development practices. The Kashyapa Samhita emphasizes various treatment modalities for children's health issues, including conduct disorders. His teachings guide the application of Ghrita in promoting mental well-being among children.

10) Animal:
Animals are central to discussions about behavior disorders because they can be both victims and indicators of a child’s behavior. Observing how children relate to animals can help clinicians understand conduct disorder symptoms, as aggressive behaviors often manifest toward animals.

11) Brahmi:
Brahmi, a revered herb in Ayurveda, is known for its cognitive-enhancing properties. It promotes mental clarity and emotional stability, making it essential in formulations like Brahmi Ghrita. The herb’s role in Ayurvedic treatments supports addressing behavior problems by improving brain function.

12) Sariva (Shariva):
Sariva, or Hemidesmus indicus, is an herb used in Ayurvedic medicine for its rejuvenating properties. It is included in some Ghrita formulations, offering benefits that promote overall health and well-being. Sariva is believed to help balance the doshas and may play a role in treating mental conditions.

13) Kushtha (Kustha):
Kustha refers to a specific class of plants used in traditional medicine. In the context of Ayurvedic formulations, it contributes to the treatment of mental health issues, enhancing the effectiveness of Ghrita as a therapeutic agent in managing conditions like conduct disorder.

14) Acara:
Achara pertains to behavior or conduct, particularly in the context of Ayurvedic healing. Its importance lies in guiding individuals towards good practices that promote mental and physical health, emphasizing the notion that moral conduct aids in preventing and managing conduct disorders.

15) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosha in Ayurveda refers to the three energies (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) that govern physiological and psychological functions. An imbalance in the doshas can contribute to conduct disorders. Understanding dosha dynamics helps in tailoring treatment strategies using remedies like Ghrita to restore balance.

16) Rules:
Rules represent societal standards that children with conduct disorders often violate. Recognizing this failure to adhere to rules is essential for understanding the symptomatology of conduct disorder, which manifests in behaviors such as theft and aggression in various settings.

17) Vata:
Vata is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, representing air and space elements. It governs movement and cognitive functions. An increase in Vata can lead to heightened anxiety and impulsive behaviors, common in children with conduct disorders, requiring intervention with calming therapies.

18) Kashyapasamhita (Kasyapasamhita, Kashyapa-samhita):
The Kashyapa Samhita is a foundational text in Ayurveda that addresses child health and wellness. It guides healthcare professionals in treating children's disorders, emphasizing herbal remedies and dietary practices, including the use of Ghrita in managing emotional and behavioral issues.

19) Kaumarabhritya (Kaumara-bhritya, Kaumarabhrtya):
Kaumarabhritya is the branch of Ayurveda focused on pediatrics and the health of children. This specialty deals with childhood illnesses and stresses the importance of identifying early signs of conduct disorders, laying the groundwork for integrating Ghrita-based therapies to foster mental health in youth.

20) Sutrasthana (Sutra-sthana):
Sutrasthana refers to a section of specific Ayurvedic texts outlining principles and guidelines for treatments. This segment is vital in establishing protocols for addressing various health conditions, including the use of medicinal Ghrita in therapies for children displaying conduct disorders.

21) Kalyanaka:
Kalyanaka refers to a medicated ghee known for its therapeutic properties in treating various ailments. It is particularly useful in addressing psychological disorders and is seen as an effective treatment for conditions like conduct disorder, highlighting Ayurveda’s holistic approach to health.

22) Rasayana (Rasa-ayana):
Rasayana in Ayurveda signifies rejuvenation or restorative practices aimed at enhancing vitality and longevity. As a Rasayana, Ghrita is extensively utilized to improve mental function and psychological health, making it crucial in managing disorders such as conduct disorder in a nurturing manner.

23) Disease:
A disease refers to a specific disorder affecting physical or mental health. In the context of the document, conduct disorder is emphasized as a significant childhood disease characterized by antisocial behaviors, highlighting the need for effective Ayurvedic interventions like Ghrita for management.

24) Unmada:
Unmada is a term in Ayurveda referring to insanity or severe mental disorders. It is part of the discussion on conduct disorder, indicating severe disturbances in behavior and mental health, necessitating treatments like Ghrita that target cognitive function and emotional stability.

25) Ceshta (Cesta, Cheshtaa):
Chesta denotes activities or movements in Ayurveda, often associated with one’s behavior. In the context of conduct disorder, abnormal Chesta patterns indicate the need for therapeutic interventions to restore healthy behavior patterns through the use of formulations like Ghrita.

26) Pitta:
Pitta is one of the three doshas, representing fire and transformation in Ayurveda. An increase in Pitta can lead to aggressive behaviors common in conduct disorder. Managing Pitta through dietary and herbal interventions like Ghrita is essential for restoring emotional balance and health.

27) Guna:
Guna refers to the intrinsic qualities or attributes of substances in Ayurveda. In discussing Ghrita, its beneficial Gunas like Snigdha (unctuous) and Guru (heavy) play a crucial role in its therapeutic effects, particularly in managing mental health issues like conduct disorder.

28) Sushruta-samhita (Susruta-samhita):
The Sushruta Samhita is a significant ancient text Ayurveda focused on surgical procedures and treatments. It provides foundational knowledge that underpins modern Ayurvedic practice, contributing to understanding the holistic approaches necessary for treating complex issues like conduct disorders in children.

29) Kalyanakaghrita (Kalyanakaghrta, Kalyanaka-ghrita):
Kalyanaka-ghrita is a specific Ayurvedic formulation designed for therapeutic benefits, including mental enhancement. It is composed of various herbs aimed at treating psychological disorders and is vital in addressing the behavioral issues associated with conduct disorder.

30) Brahmighrita (Brahmighrta, Brahmi-ghrita):
Brahmi-ghrita is a specialized formulation containing Brahmi known for supporting cognitive health and mental clarity. Its use in treating conduct disorders reflects Ayurveda’s targeted approach, utilizing herbs that enhance brain function and emotional stability in children.

31) Madhurarasa (Madhura-rasa):
Madhura-rasa refers to the sweet taste in Ayurveda associated with nourishing and wholesome effects. It is significant in child health, where Madhura substances are believed to promote emotional well-being and stability, contributing to remedies for conduct disorders.

32) Krishnasariva (Krsnasariva, Krishna-sariva):
Krsna-sariva is an herb with known health benefits, commonly used in Ayurveda for its restorative properties. Its inclusion in Ghrita formulations underlines Ayurveda's preference for natural remedies in treating complex health disorders, such as mental health issues in children.

33) Daruharidra (Daru-haridra):
Daruharidra, or Berberis aristata, is utilized in Ayurveda for its therapeutic properties. It possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, making it suitable in formulations for managing psychological disorders, enhancing overall efficacy when combined with Ghrita in treating conduct disorders.

34) Shankhapushpi (Sankhapuspi, Samkhapuspi):
Sankhapuspi is a plant used in Ayurvedic medicine known for its cognitive-enhancing properties. Its inclusion in formulations like Brahmi-ghrita underscores the importance of combining various herbs to create synergistic effects beneficial for treating conduct disorders and enhancing mental clarity.

35) Manjishtha (Manjistha, Mamjishtha):
Manjistha is a revered medicinal herb in Ayurveda, recognized for its blood-purifying and calming properties. It contributes to the effectiveness of Ghrita formulations in addressing emotional and behavioral issues, playing a role in managing conditions like conduct disorder.

36) Nilotpala:
Nilotpala, or lotus, is used in Ayurvedic practices for its soothing qualities. In formulations, this herb contributes to the overall calming effect, making it beneficial for children with conduct disorders by helping regulate emotions and supporting a balanced mental state.

37) Elavaluka:
Elavaluka is an Ayurvedic herb recognized for its properties supporting mental health. Its presence in formulations for Ghrita enhances the therapeutic efficacy of treatments aimed at children with conduct disorders, promoting emotional stability and cognitive functioning.

38) Haritaki:
Haritaki is a widely used herb in Ayurveda known for its digestive and rejuvenating properties. Including Haritaki in Ghrita formulations supports the holistic approach to treating conduct disorders, providing physical and mental health benefits that improve overall well-being.

39) Devadaru (Deva-daru):
Devadaru, or Cedrus deodara, is valued in Ayurveda for its calming properties and applications in treating anxiety. Its use in Ghrita formulations enhances the treatment of conduct disorders by addressing mental and emotional disturbances through natural remedies.

40) Apasmara:
Apasmara refers to a condition characterized by amnesia or loss of consciousness, often treated in Ayurveda through medicinal ghee. The connection to conduct disorder is significant, as cognitive impairments and behavioral challenges can reflect underlying issues similar to those seen in Apasmara.

41) Priyangu (Priyamgu):
Priyangu is a fragrant plant used in Ayurvedic formulations for its rejuvenating qualities. Its incorporation into Ghrita therapies supports the treatment of mental health challenges in children, enhancing emotional stability and overall mental resilience.

42) Epilepsy:
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder marked by recurrent seizures. In the Ayurvedic framework, treating neurological disorders like epilepsy and conduct disorder involves using natural remedies such as Ghrita, highlighting the holistic approach to managing cognitive and behavioral concerns.

43) Candana (Camdana):
Candana, or sandalwood, is known for its calming and soothing properties. Its role in Ayurvedic formulations helps in addressing irritability and aggression, particularly beneficial for children with conduct disorders, as it promotes mental peace and emotional balance.

44) Padmaka:
Padmaka is a plant recognized in Ayurveda for its properties beneficial to skin and mental health. Its inclusion in Ghrita formulations enhances treatment efficacy for emotional and behavioral issues, promoting stability for those experiencing conduct disorders.

45) Vidanga (Vidamga):
Vidanga is used in Ayurveda for various medicinal properties, particularly for digestion and detoxification. Its role in Ghrita formulations supports mental clarity and emotional well-being, essential in addressing the symptoms of conduct disorder effectively.

46) Amalaki:
Amalaki, or Indian gooseberry, is rich in Vitamin C and known for its antioxidant properties. Its use in Ghrita medicines highlights the importance of nutritional support in mental health treatment, playing a role in managing conduct disorders through holistic principles.

47) Prastha (Prashtha):
Prastha is a unit of measurement used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine, particularly in preparing formulations. It represents practical steps in creating medicated ghreets, signifying the precision and care involved in their preparation to ensure efficacy in treating conditions like conduct disorder.

48) Snigdha:
Snigdha describes a quality of being oily or unctuous, which is relevant in treating dosha imbalances in Ayurveda. The Snigdha quality of Ghrita aids in soothing Vata aggravations, making it particularly beneficial for children experiencing anxiety or behavioral issues.

49) Ashtanga (Astanga, Ashtan-anga):
Astanga refers to the eight branches of Ayurveda, encompassing various aspects of health and treatment. It provides a framework for understanding health practices and reinforces the comprehensive nature of Ayurvedic treatments, including the use of Ghrita in managing conduct disorders.

50) Smriti (Smrti):
Smriti refers to memory or recollection in Ayurvedic philosophy. In the context of mental health, enhancing Smriti is vital for cognitive function and emotional regulation, making Ghrita and its formulations essential tools for addressing memory-related challenges in children.

51) Rajani:
Rajani is an herb associated with calming and detoxifying properties in Ayurveda. Its use in formulations underscores the importance of natural remedies in addressing anxiety and aggression, essential elements to consider when treating conduct disorders in children.

52) Malati:
Malati is a fragrant flowering plant that is appreciated in Ayurveda for its calming effects. Its presence in formulation highlights the role of aromas in mental wellness, promoting emotional balance in children facing conduct disorders.

53) Kesara (Keshara):
Kesara, or saffron, is known for its medicinal and psychological benefits. Its addition to Ayurvedic formulations contributes to the holistic approach in managing conduct disorders by enhancing mood and emotional stability in children.

54) Sthira:
Sthira refers to steadiness or stability. In the context of conduct disorders, maintaining Sthira qualities is key to developing self-control in behavior, and the use of Ghrita helps nourish this aspect, promoting emotional and psychological stability.

55) Dadima:
Dadima, or pomegranate, is prized in Ayurveda for its regenerative properties. Its use in Ghrita formulations supports the overall nourishment of the body and intellect, beneficial for children with conduct disorder by enhancing their mental strength.

56) Kaunti (Kaumti):
Kaunti refers to a type of herb used in Ayurveda believed to have calming properties. Its inclusion in therapies highlights the supportive role of natural elements in restoring mental equilibrium, essential in managing conduct disorders.

57) Brihati (Brhati):
Brhati is another herb utilized within Ayurvedic practices associated with health benefits. Its properties contribute to enhancing the efficacy of Ghrita in treating mental disorders, essential for achieving therapeutic outcomes in children with behavior issues.

58) Medhya:
Medhya refers to enhancing intellect and cognitive abilities in Ayurveda. It plays a critical role in formulations aiming to improve mental clarity and stability, making it essential in treatments for conduct disorders focused on cognitive function.

59) Family:
Family plays a critical role in a child's development and behavioral patterns. The dynamics within a family can influence the onset of conduct disorders, and therapies often emphasize parental involvement and family support as essential components in treatment strategies.

60) Kapha:
Kapha is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, representing earth and water elements. An increase in Kapha may lead to lethargy and indifference, influencing behavior. Understanding Kapha's role is key when addressing children's behavioral issues through Ayurvedic practices.

61) Danti (Dantin, Damti):
Danti, an Ayurvedic herb, is known for its cleansing properties. It aids in detoxification and balancing doshas, which is vital in treating conduct disorders, as it helps eliminate physical and mental impurities causing behavioral problems.

62) Krishna (Krsna):
Krsna typically refers to dark-colored or black. In the context of Ayurveda, it may refer to specific herbs known for their efficacy. Their use in formulations is crucial for addressing complex health issues, including those linked to mental health in children.

63) Fever:
Fever is a symptom indicating body inflammation or infection. In Ayurveda, it is treated through natural remedies that balance the doshas. Managing fever effectively can be crucial in holistic health practices, especially when treating children with behavioral issues like conduct disorders.

64) Blood:
Blood constitutes a vital substance in Ayurveda, influencing various physiological functions. Its health and quality play a significant role in overall well-being, and disturbances may contribute to mental health issues, indicating a need for herbal treatments enhancing blood properties.

65) Stealing (Theft):
Stealing is a behavior typically associated with conduct disorder, representing a failure to understand social norms. This behavior necessitates careful therapeutic approaches, especially within the family and educational settings, aimed at addressing the underlying emotional causes.

66) Guru:
Guru refers to qualities that are heavy or grounding in Ayurvedic terms. Ghrita is associated with Guru qualities, making it effective in soothing imbalances in Vata dosha, which is often elevated in children with conduct disorders.

67) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa means essence or taste in Ayurveda. It plays a significant role in determining the properties of herbs and treatments. The essence of the substances used can influence their therapeutic potential, especially when aimed at mental health interventions.

68) Vaca:
Vaca is an herb regarded for its cognitive enhancing properties, playing a role in promoting mental clarity. Its inclusion in formulations targeting conduct disorders underscores the need for addressing cognitive challenges in therapies for emotional health.

69) Nata:
Nata is used in Ayurveda for its therapeutic effects, particularly in addressing mental health challenges. It signifies the importance of various herbs in promoting psychological stability, making it relevant in the context of treating conduct disorders in children.

70) Pir:
Peer dynamics profoundly influence children's behavior. Relationships with peers can complicate issues like conduct disorder and serve as crucial elements in therapeutic interventions, emphasizing group therapies and social skill development as essential components of treatment.

71) Burning sensation:
Burning sensation indicates discomfort or irritation, often a side effect of treatments. In Ayurvedic medicine, it’s essential to avoid treatments that cause this sensation, especially in children. Medications like Ghrita are preferred for their soothing properties, minimizing discomfort.

72) clarified butter:
Clarified butter, or ghee, is a fundamental ingredient in Ayurvedic medicine known for its health benefits. Its role in formulations highlights its ability to enhance digestion and absorption of medicinal properties, making it vital in treating disorders like conduct disorder.

73) Smritivibhrama (Smrtivibhrama, Smriti-vibhrama):
Smriti-vibhrama signifies a disturbance in memory or cognitive function. This aspect is significant in understanding conduct disorders, as impaired memory directly impacts a child's ability to follow societal rules and norms, necessitating targeted therapeutic strategies.

74) Anabhishyandin (Anabhisyandin, Anabhisyandi, Anabhishyandi):
Anabhishyandi refers to substances that do not cause accumulation or congestion. In treating conduct disorders, this quality is vital as it signifies that the treatments should be clean and clear, promoting better mental health without adding to existing issues.

75) Vishamajvara (Visamajvara, Vishama-jvara):
Visama-jvara refers to irregular fever characterized by fluctuating states. Addressing this condition in Ayurveda requires understanding its implications on mental health, as fever can indicate underlying psychological disturbances that need to be managed during treatment for conduct disorders.

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 137]

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