Unusual varitions in second part of axillary artery – a case report
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Unusual varitions in second part of axillary artery – a case report
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Original source:
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Dr. Sakshi Waghmare, Dr. Madhuri Mahadar, Miss Parnika Chaudhari and Master Jayesh Bodakhe
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Unusual varitions in second part of axillary artery – a case report
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr202312-28954
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The axillary artery is a crucial vessel in the upper limb that extends from the outer border of the 1st rib to the lower border of the teres major muscle, where it becomes the brachial artery. It is categorized into three parts, each giving rise to a specific number of branches essential for supplying blood to the upper limb. Understanding the branching pattern of the axillary artery is vital for various medical procedures, including surgeries performed by vascular surgeons, radiologists, and clinical anatomists. This case report presents an unusual variation in the branching pattern of the axillary artery observed in a male cadaver, which emphasizes the significance of anatomical knowledge in clinical practice.
Unusual Branching Variation
The case report identifies an anatomical variation in the left upper limb of a middle-aged male cadaver. During dissection, a midline incision revealed a standard branching pattern for the first part of the axillary artery. However, in the second part, while the thoracoacromial artery arose normally, an unnamed artery also originated and ran parallel to the main axillary artery. This unnamed artery gave rise to the lateral thoracic artery (LTA) and continued to branch into the subscapular artery (SCA) and the posterior circumflex humeral artery (PCHA), which would typically arise from the third part of the axillary artery. Instead of the usual three branches, only one branch, the anterior circumflex humeral artery (ACHA), emerged from the third part. This atypical branching pattern underscores the variations that can occur in vascular anatomy.
Clinical Implications of Variation
The presence of abnormal branches in the axillary artery carries significant clinical implications, particularly during surgical interventions. Knowledge of such variations is crucial to avoid complications during procedures like axillary lymph node dissection, which is commonly performed in breast cancer cases, and during surgeries involving the brachial plexus. The awareness of these atypical arterial branches is paramount to prevent inadvertent injury and manage the risk of complications such as excessive bleeding. The report also notes that axillary artery aneurysms, particularly in athletes, showcase the necessity for thorough anatomical knowledge in surgical contexts.
Embryological Background of Variations
Understanding the embryological development and variations in the branching of the axillary artery provides insights into why these anomalies occur. The initial formation of arterial branches is influenced by the persistent enlargement and differentiation of capillaries from the embryonic vascular network. Defects in surrounding tissues can also result in vascular abnormalities. Literature suggests that variations may arise from the atypical pathway the embryonic network follows, leading to diverse branching patterns. The historical mention of these variations, dating back to the 19th century, enhances our understanding of normal against abnormal anatomy.
Conclusion
In summary, this case report highlights an unusual variation in the branching pattern of the axillary artery, demonstrating the complexities that can arise in vascular anatomy. Such anomalies emphasize the importance of anatomical education for healthcare professionals, particularly in surgical fields, to mitigate risks during clinical procedures. Recognizing these variations can enhance pre-operative planning and inform the surgical approach, ultimately contributing to better patient outcomes. The knowledge gained from variations such as this case serves as a reminder of the intricate nature of human anatomy and the potential implications for clinical practice.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What anatomical variation was observed in the Axillary artery?
An unusual branching pattern was noted, where the second part produced an unnamed artery that gave rise to the Lateral Thoracic Artery and ran parallel to the main Axillary Artery.
How is the Axillary artery typically classified?
The Axillary artery is divided into three parts based on its location relative to the pectoralis minor muscle: the first part (superior), second part (posterior), and third part (inferior).
Why is knowledge of Axillary artery variations important?
Understanding these variations is critical for vascular surgeons, radiologists, and clinical anatomists, especially during surgeries involving the brachial plexus or axillary region, to avoid complications from unexpected arterial branching.
What are the common injuries related to the Axillary artery?
Injuries often occur during shoulder dislocations or trauma. Awareness of variations in the Axillary artery can help prevent excessive bleeding and facilitate proper surgical interventions.
What were the findings regarding the named arteries in the case reported?
Only one branch, the Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery, arose from the third part instead of the usual three branches. The findings indicate significant variations in arterial branch patterns.
What procedure was performed to observe the Axillary artery anatomy?
A systematic dissection was conducted on a cadaver, revealing the unusual branching pattern of the Axillary artery, particularly focused on analyzing the second and third parts.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Unusual varitions in second part of axillary artery – a case report”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Aca:
The Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery (ACHA) is a significant artery branching from the Axillary Artery. Its presence is vital for understanding variations in the vascular supply of the shoulder. The uniqueness of the ACHA's branching emphasizes the need for a thorough knowledge of anatomical variations for surgical and clinical practices.
2) Maharashtra (Maharastra, Maha-rashtra):
Maharashtra is a state in India where the study was conducted at SMBT Ayurved College. The geographical location influences the demographic and anatomical variations observed in cadaver studies. Such studies are crucial for understanding regional anatomical characteristics, which can impact medical and surgical interventions.
3) Knowledge:
The knowledge about arterial variations, such as those of the Axillary Artery, plays a significant role in clinical practice. It directly impacts surgical approaches, risk assessment, and decision-making processes in procedures involving the vascular system, enhancing patient care and safety.
4) Nashik:
Nashik, a city in Maharashtra, is home to SMBT Ayurved College, where the documented anatomical variation was observed. The local population's unique anatomical traits can provide valuable insights into regional medicine and surgical practices. Studies conducted in specific locales enhance our overall clinical understanding and applications.
5) Male:
The study focused on a male cadaver, which is relevant for gender-based anatomical differences that may exist. Understanding these differences is crucial in clinical practices, as vascular structures can vary between sexes, impacting surgical strategies and outcomes in vascular and orthopedic procedures.
6) Bleeding:
Bleeding is a critical concern associated with anatomical variations, particularly during surgeries involving the Axillary Artery. Awareness of abnormal vascular patterns is essential to prevent excessive bleeding in surgical situations, such as shoulder dislocations or reconstructions that might involve laceration of the artery.
7) Sakshi (Saksi):
Dr. Sakshi Waghmare is the correspondence author and HOD of the Department involved in this study. Her leadership in the research emphasizes the importance of collaboration in anatomical studies. Faculty members play a key role in educating students and guiding research in anatomical variations.
8) Repair:
Repair of vascular structures, particularly in the context of brachial plexus injuries, necessitates an understanding of anatomical variations. Knowledge about abnormal branching patterns helps vascular surgeons plan their repair strategies effectively, minimizing complications and improving clinical outcomes for patients with such injuries.
9) Study (Studying):
This study presents an unusual branching pattern of the Axillary Artery observed in a cadaver. It underscores the importance of anatomical studies in the medical field, contributing to a greater understanding of vascular variations that are critical in surgical and emergency medicine contexts.
10) Surrounding:
The surrounding tissues and structures can influence the vascular anatomy and contribute to variations. Understanding how these surrounding factors interact with vascular structures helps clinicians anticipate complications or anomalies during surgical procedures, particularly in trauma cases or reconstructive surgeries.
11) Discussion:
Discussion of findings in anatomical studies is crucial for contextualizing observed variations. It allows for comparison with previous research, helping to facilitate a better understanding of common patterns, unique instances, and clinical relevance, ultimately contributing to the field of surgical anatomy.
12) Dividing:
Dividing the Axillary Artery into its parts—first, second, and third—is standard anatomical practice. This division aids in identifying and studying the various branches that arise, and understanding anatomical variations is vital when planning surgical interventions to avoid complications and enhance patient safety.
13) Incision:
Incision techniques used during cadaver dissection are vital for exposing anatomical structures. In this study, the midline incision allowed researchers to explore and document the unusual branching pattern of the Axillary Artery, contributing to the broader understanding of vascular anatomy.
14) Vasudha (Vasu-dha):
Vasudha is referenced as an author in studies discussing variations in the Axillary Artery. The contributions of various researchers like Vasudha are essential in building a comprehensive understanding of anatomical patterns, which can ultimately benefit clinical practices and educational curricula.
15) Vijaya:
Vijaya is another author mentioned for studies on the Axillary Artery. The works of such researchers contribute to the collective knowledge of anatomical variations. This collaboration enriches the literature, providing insights crucial for surgical practice and anatomy education.
16) Indian:
The population studied in this research includes Indian cadavers, which highlights the importance of regional anatomical studies. Variations can be significantly influenced by ethnic and geographic factors, making it essential to document these differences for effective medical care tailored to specific populations.
17) Kumar:
Kumar is noted as an author involved in the discussion of arterial variations. The contributions of multiple researchers, including Kumar, enhance the understanding of vascular anatomy. Collaborative research efforts are essential for advancing knowledge in anatomical sciences and improving clinical applications.
18) Pune:
Pune is another city in Maharashtra, home to the PDEA’S College of Ayurved and Research Center. The inclusion of different institutions contributes to a broader understanding of anatomical variations in the region. Collaborative research across institutions aids in enriching educational resources and clinical practices.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Unusual varitions in second part of axillary artery – a case report’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Blood supply, Clinical significance, Anatomical variation, Case report, Case study, Dissection hall, Anatomical studies, Brachial plexus, Upper limb vessels, Subclavian artery, Axillary artery, Brachial artery, Branching Pattern, Subscapular Artery, Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery, Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery, Brachial Plexus Injuries, Clinical procedure, Vascular surgeon.
Concepts being referred in other categories, contexts and sources.
Second part, Third part, First part, Serious concern.