Multiple drug induced dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Multiple drug induced dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Leprosy:
Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease, is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It primarily affects the skin, peripheral nerves, and mucosal surfaces. In the context of this case study, the patient was undergoing treatment for leprosy, highlighting the significance of dapsone as part of multidrug therapy for managing this disease.

2) Drug:
A drug is a substance used for medical treatment, specifically to diagnose, cure, mitigate, treat, or prevent disease. In this case study, dapsone is the drug in focus, used primarily for treating leprosy. The investigation into dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome sheds light on the importance of monitoring drug reactions.

3) Chudasama:
Harsh Chudasama is one of the authors of this case study. As a representative of the research team from the Department of Pharmacy at Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, his work contributes to the understanding of dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome, emphasizing the need for awareness among medical practitioners regarding adverse drug reactions.

4) Fever:
Fever is a common medical sign indicating inflammation or infection in the body. In the reported case, the patient presented with fever along with skin lesions, which is critical in diagnosing dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome. Recognition of fever as a symptom aids in timely management of potential drug-induced reactions.

5) Disease:
Diseases refer to any deviation from normal health, including infections like leprosy or drug reactions. Understanding various diseases helps in tailoring effective treatments. In this case, the focus is on leprosy and its treatment with dapsone, alongside the implications of potential adverse reactions like hypersensitivity syndrome.

6) Table:
In the context of this study, the table presents laboratory investigation results, including blood parameters and liver function tests. This structured representation of data allows for easier interpretation of the patient’s health status and highlights how dapsone has impacted her laboratory values, supporting clinical observations.

7) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
An antibiotic is a type of antibacterial substance that specifically kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria. Dapsone is classified as an antibiotic and is key in treating leprosy. Its role as an antibiotic places importance on understanding its side effects, including hypersensitivity syndromes in patients receiving treatment.

8) Gujarat:
Gujarat is a state in India where the case study occurred. It represents the geographical and cultural context relevant to public health and medical practices. The examination of dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome within this region highlights local health challenges and the need for awareness regarding drug reactions.

9) Family:
The phrase 'the family' represents the individual's relatives, crucial in understanding the broader social and medical context. Gathering detailed family medical history supports healthcare providers in identifying potential hereditary conditions and provides insights into the patient’s health background and risk factors.

10) Indian:
Indian refers to individuals or aspects related to India, including its healthcare practices. The patient in this case is of Indian origin, thus making the findings of dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome particularly relevant within Indian medical communities, prompting increased awareness and research on this matter.

11) India:
India is the country where the study took place, indicative of the healthcare context and patient demographics. The prevalence of leprosy and its treatment underscores the relevance of monitoring drug reactions, like hypersensitivity to dapsone, in this population, influencing public health policies.

12) Patel:
Arpit Patel is one of the co-authors of this case study, contributing to the insights surrounding dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome. The representation of researchers from diverse backgrounds emphasizes collaborative efforts in addressing drug safety and efficacy in patient care, particularly in endemic areas like Gujarat.

13) Guha:
Buvana Guha is mentioned in the references as contributing knowledge regarding dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome. Citing works from established researchers enhances the credibility of the study, as their previous findings help form a comprehensive understanding of hypersensitivity reactions related to antibiotic treatments.

14) Ras (Rash):
A rash is an area of irritated or swollen skin. In this case, the presentation of a rash indicated dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome. Recognizing dermatological manifestations is vital for prompt diagnosis and management of drug reactions, thereby preventing further complications and ensuring patient safety.

15) Urban center (Urban centre):
Urban center refers to a densely populated area characterized by extensive infrastructure and healthcare services. The study's relevance in an urban context highlights access to healthcare resources and the importance of recognizing drug-induced reactions in a diverse patient population within such areas.

16) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological pertains to the study of drugs and their effects on the body. Understanding pharmacological aspects of dapsone, including its action and potential adverse reactions, is critical for healthcare practitioners in preventing, identifying, and managing cases of hypersensitivity syndromes effectively.

17) Tuberculosis:
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection affecting the lungs and other parts of the body. Mention of tuberculosis in the patient's history is pertinent as it provides insight into her overall health condition, indicating possible interactions with leprosy treatment and implications for immune response.

18) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the section of the study where findings are analyzed and interpreted. It is essential to contextualize the results obtained from the case, especially regarding the implications of dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome, and to highlight the significance of recognizing and addressing these reactions in clinical settings.

19) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the field of healthcare devoted to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. The case reports on dapsone indicate the importance of integrating medical knowledge with pharmacology to ensure patient safety and effective management of drug therapies in combatting conditions like leprosy.

20) Swelling:
Swelling signifies an increase in size or volume of body parts, often indicating inflammation or a reaction. In the case, the presence of swelling alongside fever and rash prompted further investigation into possible drug-induced reactions, driving the clinical decision to cease dapsone treatment.

21) Activity:
Activity in a medical context often refers to biological processes or patient movements. The term is relevant in discussions about a patient’s health status, providing insight into how leprosy and possible hypersensitivity reaction to dapsone might affect the individual’s physical well-being and functional capabilities.

22) Gadhiya:
Hirva Gadhiya is another co-author of the study, representing collaborative efforts in documenting and analyzing drug-induced hypersensitivity. The inclusion of diverse contributors enhances the breadth of perspectives, promoting a comprehensive understanding of patient safety and the complexities surrounding drug treatment regimes.

23) Itching:
Itching is a common symptom that may accompany various dermatological conditions, including hypersensitivity reactions. In this case study, the presence of itching along with other symptoms indicated dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome, underscoring the need for careful monitoring during antibiotic treatment.

24) Anjali (Amjali):
Anjali Lalani is one of the co-authors of the study. Her collaboration, alongside her colleagues, emphasizes the collective effort in addressing medical challenges related to drug reactions, aiming to improve awareness and responses among healthcare providers in managing hypersensitivity syndromes effectively.

25) Nausea:
Nausea is a sensation of discomfort in the stomach associated with the urge to vomit. It was noted as a common side effect of dapsone, reinforcing the need for vigilance in monitoring patients under treatment. Recognition of gastrointestinal symptoms is vital in evaluating drug tolerance.

26) Insect:
Insect references may relate to other potential issues like insect bites, which can also prompt differential diagnoses in dermatological assessments. Although not central to this study, understanding how various external factors interact with medications is relevant for patient care and treatment planning.

27) Edema (Oedema):
Edema refers to the accumulation of fluid in tissues, causing swelling. The patient exhibited edema, which was pertinent in diagnosing dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome. Recognizing such symptoms aids in making informed clinical decisions regarding drug administration and patient management.

28) Blood:
Blood analysis is crucial for assessing health status, especially in monitoring liver and kidney function. In this case study, blood tests revealed significant results pertinent to the patient's condition, helping to establish a connection between dapsone treatment and hypersensitivity symptoms.

29) Study (Studying):
The study refers to the detailed analysis of a case involving dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome. It is relevant as it contributes to the medical literature regarding adverse drug reactions, emphasizing the importance of awareness and systematic reporting to enhance clinical understanding and patient safety.

30) Caru:
The mention of 'Caru' likely relates to the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus. Citing respected institutions lends credibility and context to the research surrounding dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome, serving as a reference point for further exploration and understanding of the issue.

31) Sima (Shima):
Sima references a researcher or contributor whose works may relate to the topic at hand. Often, professional contributions inform current studies, and the inclusion of diverse experts enriches the collective understanding of complex medical conditions like dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome.