Therapeutic and nutraceutical potential of Asparagus adscendens.

review study

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Therapeutic and neutraceutical potential of asparagus adscendens roxb. (shwet mushali)
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Subtitle: review study

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Author:

Singh A. K., Mishra H. S., Agrawal Ajay, Bedar S. S. and Chaudhary S.


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: Therapeutic and neutraceutical potential of asparagus adscendens roxb. (shwet mushali)

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr202315-29488

Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved


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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Asparagus adscendens Roxb., commonly referred to as Shwet Mushali, is a significant plant within the Indian system of medicine, recognized for its therapeutic and nutraceutical properties. Characterized as a sub-erect prickly shrub with distinct white tuberous roots, this species has been traditionally used to treat various ailments, including dysuria, urinary disorders, general debility, impotence, and oligospermia. With its cooling and demulcent properties, Asparagus adscendens is believed to be effective in managing the symptoms of several diseases, including AIDS. Recent research has further emphasized its potential applications in treating nervous disorders, infectious diseases, and cancer.

Nutritional and Phytochemical Profile

The nutritional composition of the roots of Asparagus adscendens is particularly noteworthy, as they are rich in carbohydrates, proteins, dietary fibers, and essential vitamins and minerals. The root powder, commonly utilized in health tonics, contains significant levels of vitamins A, C, B1, B2, E, and folic acid, along with essential minerals such as calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus. The plant's phytochemical constituents predominantly include steroidal saponins, which contribute to its various biological activities. A thorough phytochemical analysis has identified a range of metabolites, including spirostanol and furostanol glycosides, that enhance its therapeutic applications.

Therapeutic Applications

Asparagus adscendens has a place in classical Ayurvedic texts, highlighting its use in numerous formulations tailored to address various health concerns. This plant is noted not only for its ability to rejuvenate and enhance vitality (Rasayan karma) but also for treating specific conditions such as udar (abdominal ailments) and raktapitta (bleeding disorders). Its roots are employed as a tonic for gastrointestinal issues and debility, while the leaves serve as a remedy for dysentery and respiratory conditions. Ethnomedicinal practices also report its use as an antidote for snake bites and as a galactagogue.

Pharmacological Activities

Extensive research has been conducted to explore the pharmacological activities of Asparagus adscendens. Studies demonstrate its antifertility, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, and nootropic effects, among others. For instance, extracts from the root show remarkable antifilarial activity, inhibiting motility in specific worm species. The plant is also noted for its supportive role in regulating blood sugar levels and enhancing insulin secretion, indicating a potential application in managing diabetes. The significant bioactive compounds within the plant contribute to its promising pharmacological profile, signaling its importance in medicinal applications.

Conclusion

In summary, Asparagus adscendens Roxb. stands out as a vital herb in traditional medicine, primarily recognized for its numerous therapeutic benefits and rich phytochemical composition. Its diverse applications range from treating sexual health issues to supporting general well-being, ultimately showcasing its potential as a health tonic. Given its pharmacological attributes and the pressing need for conservation due to its endangered status, there is a vital need to promote sustainable cultivation practices and further scientific research to ensure that the benefits of this remarkable plant are preserved and optimized for future use.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is Asparagus adscendens and its traditional uses?

Asparagus adscendens, also known as Shwet Mushali, is an important drug in Indian medicine. It is primarily used for treating dysuria, urinary problems, general debility, and impotence, thanks to its cooling and demulcent properties.

What are the morphological characteristics of Asparagus adscendens?

Asparagus adscendens is a prickly shrub with a tall, sub-erect stem, white color, and branched structure. The leaves are filamentous cladodes, and it produces small, bisexual flowers arranged in raceme inflorescence.

What are the cultivation requirements for Asparagus adscendens?

This plant prefers light to medium soils but can also thrive in sandy loam. Ideally, it grows in well-drained, fertile sandy loam with a neutral to slightly alkaline pH, and requires careful management to avoid overharvesting.

What are the key components found in Asparagus adscendens?

Asparagus adscendens is rich in carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. The roots are notable for containing steroidal saponins, which contribute significantly to its therapeutic properties and health benefits.

How is Asparagus adscendens utilized in Ayurvedic medicine?

In Ayurveda, Asparagus adscendens is incorporated in formulations for various ailments, such as dysuria, debility, and aphrodisiac purposes. It is recognized for enhancing vitality and has broad applications in traditional healing practices.

What pharmacological activities are associated with Asparagus adscendens?

Research indicates that Asparagus adscendens exhibits antimicrobial, antifertility, chemopreventive, and hypoglycemic activities, among others. Its saponin content is primarily responsible for these pharmacological properties, highlighting its potential in modern medicine.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Therapeutic and nutraceutical potential of Asparagus adscendens.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Musali (Mushali):
Musali refers generically to several plants with health benefits, especially in Aphrodisiac formulations. The association of Asparagus adscendens with Musali enhances understanding of traditional uses in promoting reproductive and general health.

2) Activity:
In the context of pharmacology, activity refers to the bioactive effects exhibited by substances within medicinal plants. Research into the activity of compounds derived from Asparagus adscendens reveals its potential for antimicrobial, antifungal, and anticancer properties. Understanding these activities is crucial for developing natural therapies for various diseases.

3) Drug:
Drugs refer to substances with medicinal effects derived from natural sources. As a recognized drug, Asparagus adscendens exemplifies the importance of herbal medicines in treating various conditions, supporting the traditional healing practices integral to Ayurvedic medicine.

4) Powder:
Powder refers to the processed form of medicinal roots, such as those from Asparagus adscendens, used in various traditional formulations. The root powder is rich in nutrients, often utilized in creating health tonics. Its formulation processes are critical for the therapeutic effectiveness of traditional medicine.

5) Krishna (Krsna):
Krishna Mushali refers to a specific variety of Mushali, linked with Asparagus adscendens. The term distinguishes it from Shwet Mushali, emphasizing the diverse applications and nutritional benefits of these plants in Ayurvedic treatments, particularly in addressing ailments related to reproductive health and vitality.

6) Indian:
The term Indian signifies the geographical and cultural context from which many traditional medicinal practices stem. Indian herbal medicine, rich with biodiversity, relies heavily on plants like Asparagus adscendens for addressing various health concerns, showcasing the interweaving of culture and botanical knowledge in effective healthcare.

7) India:
India is renowned for its extensive biodiversity and traditional medicine systems. Plants like Asparagus adscendens are profoundly significant in Indian Ayurvedic practices, used to treat various ailments. India's rich historical texts document the uses and therapeutic properties of these plants, preserving valuable medicinal knowledge.

8) Study (Studying):
In the context of this article, study refers to the comprehensive exploration and analysis of Asparagus adscendens and its traditional uses in medicine. It underscores the importance of extensive research into both classical texts and modern scientific studies to validate and expand upon the historical use of this plant.

9) Medicine:
Medicines refer to substances used for healing. Asparagus adscendens serves as a crucial ingredient in various Ayurvedic medicines, demonstrating the role of herbal remedies in integrative health care practices aimed at treating diverse conditions.

10) Soil:
The soil refers to the substrate necessary for plant growth, significantly affecting the yield and quality of crops. Asparagus adscendens thrives in specific soil types that enhance its medicinal properties, illustrating the interconnectedness of agriculture and herbal medicine.

11) Disease:
Diseases refer to impairments affecting health, for which medicinal plants like Asparagus adscendens offer remedies in Ayurveda. The extensive study of diseases traditionally treated with this herb demonstrates its role in holistic health care and endogenous healing.

12) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa indicates the taste or flavor profile of a medicinal substance in Ayurveda, which affects its therapeutic qualities. Asparagus adscendens, with its sweet taste (Madhura Rasa), aligns with Ayurvedic principles, suggesting compatibility with certain dosha balances and therapeutic applications.

13) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological refers to the study of drug interactions and effects in biological systems. Research into the pharmacological properties of Asparagus adscendens has revealed numerous health benefits, including antimicrobial and anticancer activities, emphasizing its potential as a natural therapeutic agent in modern medicine.

14) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals represent biologically active compounds sourced from plants that exhibit health benefits. In Asparagus adscendens, phytochemicals such as saponins, play a vital role in its medicinal efficacy, illustrating the importance of understanding and harnessing these natural compounds for therapeutic applications.

15) Harvesting (Harvest):
Harvest signifies the act of gathering mature plants or parts for medicinal use. For Asparagus adscendens, understanding the optimal time and techniques for harvest is essential for maintaining the quality and effectiveness of the tubers in Ayurvedic formulations.

16) Debility:
Debility denotes a state of physical weakness, which Asparagus adscendens is used to address in Ayurvedic medicine. The plant’s tonic properties are particularly beneficial for individuals suffering from general debility, illustrating its role in promoting vitality and strength.

17) Tiger:
Tiger refers to certain reserves in India, such as Pilibhit Tiger Reserve, where Asparagus adscendens grows naturally. The conservation efforts in these habitats are pivotal for ensuring the survival of this endangered species, demonstrating the intertwining of biodiversity conservation and traditional medicine.

18) Roga:
Roga translates to 'disease' in Ayurveda, critically encompassing the ailments addressed by various treatments. Asparagus adscendens is associated with many Rogas in Ayurvedic texts, proving the plant’s significance in the realm of natural medicine for disease management.

19) Beta:
Beta relates to beta cells in the pancreas and their role in insulin production. Studies on Asparagus adscendens illustrate its effects on stimulating insulin secretion, tying the plant’s use in traditional medicine to modern understanding of metabolic health.

20) Himalaya (Hima-alaya):
The Himalaya denotes the geographical region where many medicinal plants, including Asparagus adscendens, grow. This mountain range's unique ecosystem contributes significantly to the richness of biodiversity, supporting the cultivation and conservation of valuable plants for holistic health applications.

21) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is a traditional Indian medical system emphasizing balancing bodily energies. Asparagus adscendens is a critical herb in Ayurveda, utilized for its wide array of health benefits. The plant represents the integration of herbal medicine and spiritual wellness foundational to Ayurvedic practices.

22) Seedling:
Seedlings refer to young plants that are cultivated for transplantation. Understanding the propagation techniques for Asparagus adscendens, including seedling growth, is vital for sustainable cultivation practices aimed at ensuring its availability for medicinal use in the long term.

23) Gujarat:
Gujarat is one of the states in India where Asparagus adscendens can be found and cultivated. The region’s agricultural practices play a substantial role in the propagation and usage of this important herb, indicating regional variations in traditional medicine applications.

24) Dravya:
Dravya signifies the substance or material used in Ayurvedic formulations. Asparagus adscendens is classified as Dravya due to its medicinal properties, illustrating the importance of identifying and using specific substances for effective treatments in traditional Indian medicine.

25) Punjab:
Punjab is a region within India significant for both its agricultural practices and traditional medicinal knowledge, particularly concerning Asparagus adscendens. The local cultivation of medicinal plants showcases the integration of sustainable agriculture and traditional healing systems prevalent in Indian culture.

26) Forest:
Forests are essential ecosystems that harbor a multitude of plant species, including medicinal herbs like Asparagus adscendens. Conservation of these forests is paramount for sustaining biodiversity and ensuring the ongoing availability of these valuable plants for traditional medicine.

27) Family:
Family refers to the botanical classification grouping related plants. Asparagus adscendens belongs to the Asparagaceae family, highlighting its genetic and ecological relationships with other plants used in traditional medicine, supporting diversified applications in herbal remedies.

28) Lauha:
Lauha refers to iron-based formulations in Ayurvedic medicine. The incorporation of Asparagus adscendens as a component in Lauha preparations underscores its importance in enhancing the therapeutic effects of iron supplements, offering synergistic benefits for treating various health conditions.

29) Post:
Post relates to the subsequent processes following harvesting. For Asparagus adscendens, proper post-harvest handling ensures the quality and durability of the medicinal tubers, emphasizing the importance of traditional knowledge in preservation and storage techniques.

30) Dravyaguna (Dravya-guna):
Dravyaguna is the study of the properties and effects of drugs in Ayurveda. Researching the Dravyaguna profile of Asparagus adscendens helps practitioners understand its therapeutic uses and guide applications within traditional medicine frameworks.

31) Nighantu (Nighamtu):
Nighantu refers to botanical dictionaries or texts cataloguing medicinal plants and their uses in Ayurveda. References to Asparagus adscendens in Nighantu texts illustrate its established role in traditional practices, providing insights into historical medicinal applications and guiding modern usage.

32) Prameha:
Prameha refers specifically to disorders pertaining to excess urine or diabetic conditions in Ayurveda. Asparagus adscendens is used to address such conditions, illustrating the relevance of traditional formulations in managing modern health concerns like diabetes.

33) Habitat:
Habitat indicates the natural environment where a plant species can thrive. For Asparagus adscendens, understanding its habitat is crucial for successful cultivation and conservation practices, ensuring that ecological balance is maintained while utilizing its medicinal properties.

34) Species:
Species refers to a specific subgroup of organisms sharing common characteristics. Asparagus adscendens is a crucial species within its family, emphasizing the need for plant biodiversity and conservation for sustained herbal medicine practices within Ayurveda.

35) Kashmir:
Kashmir is a region known for its rich biodiversity, including Asparagus adscendens. The unique ecological conditions in Kashmir support the growth of this plant, which is valuable in traditional medicine, thereby highlighting regional natural resources and their health applications.

36) Madhya:
Madhya refers to the central region. In the context of Asparagus adscendens, the term might indicate various agricultural practices in central India where the plant can be cultivated, highlighting the economic and health importance of regional biodiversity.

37) Cancer:
Cancer represents a significant health issue worldwide, for which Asparagus adscendens has shown potential therapeutic properties. Recent studies exploring the anticancer activities of its extracts align traditional knowledge with contemporary health solutions, emphasizing the relevance of herbal medicine in combatting modern diseases.

38) Sharman (Sarma, Sarman, Sharma):
Sharma often refers to scholars or researchers addressing traditional medicinal uses. In discussing Asparagus adscendens, references from prominent figures like Sharma enhance the credibility of the research and affirm the historical importance of such plants in Ayurvedic medicine.

39) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosha refers to the three fundamental bodily energies in Ayurveda: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. Understanding how Asparagus adscendens affects the balance of these doshas is vital for effective treatment in Ayurveda, linking traditional practices with personalized health approaches.

40) Water:
Water highlights the significance of hydration and its role in plant growth. For Asparagus adscendens, understanding its water requirements is crucial for successful cultivation and ensuring the optimal development of this medicinal herb, influencing its potency and yield.

41) Field:
The field represents cultivation areas critical for growing medicinal plants. Understanding the management and practices in the field where Asparagus adscendens is grown emphasizes the relationship between agricultural techniques and sustainable utilization of medicinal herbs.

42) Veda:
Vedic refers to texts from ancient Indian scriptures. The reference to Asparagus adscendens in Vedic literature connects modern herbal uses to age-old practices in Ayurveda, illustrating the continuity of traditional wisdom through historical texts and their applications in contemporary health solutions.

43) Guna:
Guna signifies the qualities or attributes of substances in Ayurveda. The Guna of Asparagus adscendens helps define its applications in treatments, emphasizing the importance of understanding individual plant characteristics when formulating herbal remedies in traditional medicine.

44) Crop:
The crop pertains to the cultivated yield from plants like Asparagus adscendens. Knowledge of the crop cycle informs sustainable agricultural practices that ensure consistent production and availability of effective medicinal plants for health applications.

45) Milk:
Milk signifies nutrition and is often combined with herbal powders in traditional practices. In Ayurveda, milk enhances the efficacy of substances like Asparagus adscendens, illustrating the combination of nutrition and herbal remedies in promoting health and wellness.

46) Veterinary medicine:
Veterinary medicine involves health care for animals. The use of Asparagus adscendens in veterinary treatments highlights the medicinal plant's versatility and significance in both human and animal health care practices within traditional medicine systems.

47) Sarvatobhadrarasa (Sarvatobhadra-rasa):
Sarvatobhadra-rasa refers to specific formulations—often including Asparagus adscendens—used in Ayurveda. This emphasizes the significance of combining various ingredients for effective health benefits, showcasing traditional methods in therapeutic practices.

48) Sarvatobhadra (Sarvatas-bhadra):
Sarvatobhadra refers to an Ayurvedic formulation or concoction often comprising various herbs. Asparagus adscendens might be included for its specific healing properties, translating traditional uses into contemporary wellness practices.

49) Paniyabhakta (Paniya-bhakta):
Paniya-bhakta refers to tonic formulations in Ayurveda, possibly utilizing Asparagus adscendens for health benefits related to energy and vitality, emphasizing the plant's integration into traditional dietary and medicinal practices.

50) Shunthipaka (Shunthi-paka, Sunthipaka):
Shunthi-paka refers to a method of preparing medicinal herbs, often involving heating with ginger. The inclusion of Asparagus adscendens in such preparations highlights its significance in enhancing therapeutic applications and traditional cooking practices.

51) Observation:
Observation refers to a single instance of recording findings or insights from studying Asparagus adscendens. This approach is vital for developing evidence-based practices in herbal medicine, emphasizing the importance of integrating traditional knowledge with scientific inquiry.

52) Atharvaveda (Atharva-Veda):
Atharvaveda is an ancient Indian text that contains knowledge of medicinal plants, including potential references to Asparagus adscendens. Its inclusion signifies the foundational role of such texts in establishing the principles of Ayurveda and traditional healing practices.

53) Maharashtra (Maharastra, Maha-rashtra):
Maharashtra is a state in India where cultivation and use of Asparagus adscendens occurs. The regional diversity in traditional practices highlights the geographical variation in herbal medicine applications, reinforcing the need for localized knowledge.

54) Afghanistan:
Afghanistan is adjacent to India and shares biodiversity. The presence of Asparagus adscendens in similar geographical areas suggests common historical medicinal practices, illustrating the interconnectedness of traditional medicine across different cultures.

55) Sutikaroga (Sutika-roga):
Sutika-roga refers to postpartum conditions in Ayurveda. Asparagus adscendens, recognized for its health benefits, might be employed in treatments targeting these specific conditions, showcasing the plant's relevance in maternal care within traditional practices.

56) Pittadosha (Pittadosa, Pitta-dosha):
Pitta-dosha represents one of the three bioenergies in Ayurveda related to metabolic processes. Understanding how Asparagus adscendens interacts with Pitta-dosha helps practitioners tailor treatments for balance and overall wellness, connecting traditional knowledge with holistic health.

57) Kaphadosha (Kaphadosa, Kapha-dosha):
Kapha-dosha represents another vital energy in Ayurveda, associated with stability and weight. The use of Asparagus adscendens might help balance Kapha excesses, illustrating the interdependence of herbs and dosha management in achieving health stability.

58) Khandakadya (Khandaka-adya):
Khandakadya references specific Ayurvedic texts or formulations. The potential association of Asparagus adscendens in these traditional formulations exemplifies the long-standing historical practices in Ayurveda and the continued relevance of these teachings in herbal medicine.

59) Controversy:
Controversy arises around the correct identification of Mushali in Ayurvedic texts. This highlights the ongoing debates in traditional herbal medicine regarding plant classifications and the need for comprehensive research to clarify historical uses and botanical sources.

60) Udararoga (Udara-roga):
Udara-roga encompasses ailments associated with abdominal health and disorders. The utilization of Asparagus adscendens for treating such conditions illustrates its significance within Ayurvedic practices aimed at improving digestive health and associated issues.

61) Raktapitta (Rakta-pitta):
Raktapitta refers to conditions related to bleeding or hemorrhage. Asparagus adscendens may be employed in formulations targeting such conditions, highlighting its role in addressing specific health issues within the realm of traditional medicine.

62) Arsharoga (Arsaroga, Arsha-roga):
Arsha-roga pertains to hemorrhoidal conditions treated in Ayurvedic medicine. The inclusion of Asparagus adscendens in therapeutic protocols demonstrates the plant’s utility in managing specific health conditions, signifying its value in comprehensive health care.

63) Substance:
Substance denotes a particular herbal or mineral material utilized for medicinal effects. Asparagus adscendens is considered a significant substance in Ayurveda for its nutritive and restorative properties, emphasizing the relationship between specific ingredients and health outcomes.

64) Shatavari (Satavari):
Shatavari is an Ayurvedic herb known for its health benefits, especially regarding female reproductive health. Asparagus adscendens is commonly associated with similar benefits, highlighting the significance of herbal formulations aimed at enhancing vitality and reproductive functions.

65) Daurbalya:
Daurbalya signifies a state of weakness or debility often addressed through herbal remedies. Asparagus adscendens is utilized to combat Daurbalya, reinforcing its reputation as a vital health tonic in traditional medicine practices.

66) Saubhagya:
Saubhagya refers to auspiciousness or well-being in Ayurveda. The inclusion of Asparagus adscendens in health formulations signifies its role in promoting overall wellness, contributing to the holistic approach foundational to Ayurvedic practices.

67) Rajasthan:
Rajasthan is a state in India where traditional medicinal practices extensively utilize local plants including Asparagus adscendens. The cultural reliance on these plants emphasizes the importance of regional biodiversity in sustaining health practices across different communities.

68) Amlapitta (Amla-pitta):
Amlapitta refers to conditions related to acid disorders or hyperacidity in Ayurveda. The therapeutic properties of Asparagus adscendens might be employed to treat such conditions, illustrating its relevance in promoting digestive health within traditional frameworks.

69) Varunadi (Varuna-adi):
Varunadi refers to specific Ayurvedic formulations often including numerous herbs, potentially including Asparagus adscendens. These formulations exemplify the holistic approach taken in traditional practices, emphasizing the therapeutic potential of combining various plant medicines.

70) Putapaka (Puta-paka):
Putapaka refers to a method of cooking or processing herbs to enhance their efficacy. Asparagus adscendens may undergo such preparations to maximize its medicinal properties, demonstrating the integration of culinary practices within traditional herbal medicine.

71) Sharkara (Sarkara):
Sharkara refers to sugar or sweetening agents used in Ayurvedic formulations. The accessibility of extracts from Asparagus adscendens in sweetened forms indicates the adaptability of traditional remedies, enhancing palatability and therapeutic benefits.

72) Shatavar (Satavar):
Shatavar is another name for Asparagus racemosus, closely related to Asparagus adscendens. Both herbs are valued for their health benefits, particularly in reproductive health, underscoring the healing potential of related species in Ayurvedic practices.

73) Kasaroga (Kasa-roga):
Kasaroga refers to respiratory conditions that can be treated in Ayurveda. The utility of Asparagus adscendens in addressing symptoms associated with respiratory disorders demonstrates its broad applications within Ayurvedic health frameworks.

74) Scorpion:
Scorpion references the animal whose venom might be treated using Asparagus adscendens. The plant's traditional use as a remedy underscores the significance of herbal treatments for addressing envenomations and maintaining health in Ayurvedic practices.

75) Mineral:
Mineral signifies a type of nutrient essential for various bodily functions. The presence of minerals in Asparagus adscendens underscores its nutritional value and contribution to health, reinforcing the importance of mineral-rich plants in traditional remedies.

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 109]

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Therapeutic and nutraceutical potential of Asparagus adscendens.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Aphrodisiac properties, Disease Condition, Therapeutic properties, Ancient Indian literature, Pharmacological properties, Dysuria, Indian system of medicine, Cultivation practice, Ayurvedic literature, Medicinal substance, Clinical study, General debility, Phytochemical analysis, Antimicrobial activity, Traditional healer, Hypoglycemic activity, Phytochemical Profile, Classical text, Antifertility activity, Therapeutic indication, Botanical source, Ethnobotanical study, Nutritional Profile, Saponin, Ethno-medicinal use, Urinary problem, Cooling agent, Local health tradition, Tuberous root.

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