Drug review on panchkshiri according to ancient text

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Drug review on panchkshiri according to ancient text”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Nighantu (Nighamtu):
Nighantu refers to a traditional lexicon within Ayurvedic medicine that contains a compilation of medicinal plants and their properties. It serves as an essential reference for practitioners, enumerating various herbs, their classifications, therapeutic uses, and actions. This compilation helps in systematically identifying and understanding the vast array of medicinal plants in Ayurveda.

2) Kashaya (Kasaya):
Kashaya denotes the astringent taste, crucial in Ayurvedic dosha management. This taste is believed to have cooling properties and assists in balancing the doshas, specifically Kapha and Pitta. It is often associated with plants and medicines that help in drying excess moisture in the body, thus contributing to overall health and wellness.

3) Varga:
Varga refers to a category or classification within Ayurvedic texts that groups similar substances, herbs, or medical practices. This classification aids practitioners in organizing knowledge systematically, allowing for easier retrieval of information when addressing specific medical conditions or therapeutic approaches within Ayurveda.

4) Kapha:
Kapha is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, representing the elements of earth and water. It embodies qualities such as heaviness, coldness, and moisture. Imbalance in Kapha can lead to ailments related to congestion, accumulation, and lethargy, prompting the need for treatments that balance this dosha.

5) Pitta:
Pitta is another dosha within the Ayurvedic system, symbolizing fire and water elements. It represents transformation, metabolism, and digestion. An imbalance in Pitta can lead to conditions associated with heat, such as inflammation and acidity, necessitating soothing and cooling therapies to restore balance.

6) Drug:
Drugs refer to substances used in medical treatment. In Ayurveda, the emphasis lies on natural remedies derived from herbs and plants, focusing on the broader implications of achieving health and understanding the balance within the body.

7) Ruksha (Ruksa):
Ruksha indicates a dry quality in Ayurvedic terminology, often attributed to certain herbs and substances. This quality is utilized when addressing excess moisture or dampness in the body, particularly beneficial for conditions aggravated by Kapha dosha, promoting a balance between opposing qualities.

8) Table:
In the context of the provided studies, a table acts as a structured way to present comparative data on properties and actions of various herbal substances. It improves readability and allows quick reference for practitioners and researchers examining the medicinal qualities and therapeutic actions of specific plants.

9) Karma (Karman):
Karmas refer to actions, particularly those associated with health practices and their effects. In Ayurveda, understanding karmas of substances enhances treatment outcomes, emphasizing the interaction between actions and health.

10) Dhanvantari (Dhanvamtari):
Dhanvantari is a revered figure in Ayurveda, often considered the deity of medicine and health. His contributions are foundational; texts named after him, like the Dhanvantari Nighantu, compile medicinal knowledge and practices, making them vital resources for Ayurvedic practitioners seeking wisdom from ancient traditions.

11) Guru:
Guru means 'heavy' or 'great', often referring to an expert or teacher, especially in the context of Ayurvedic medicine. The term underscores the importance of guidance and knowledge transfer from experienced practitioners to novices, establishing a lineage of wisdom essential for effective practice and education.

12) Tree:
Trees represent the larger plants that provide various medicinal parts, such as bark, leaves, and fruits in Ayurvedic practices. Their significance stems from the diversity of therapeutic properties they offer, essential for holistic healing approaches.

13) Mutrasangrahaniya (Mutra-sangrahaniya):
Mutrasangrahaniya is a term related to remedies that promote urination or address urinary complications. In Ayurveda, the understanding of urinary health is pivotal, and substances classified under this category are utilized for their diuretic properties, aiding in the treatment of conditions like urinary tract infections.

14) Rakta:
Rakta translates to blood in Ayurveda and plays a vital role in understanding health conditions related to circulation and blood-related disorders. The management of Rakta is crucial for overall health, especially in conditions characterized by impure blood or poor circulation leading to various ailments.

15) Katu:
Katu denotes a pungent taste, which has stimulating and heating effects on the body. In Ayurvedic perspectives, the Katu quality assists in digestion and can help alleviate certain dosha imbalances, particularly in cases of excess Kapha, enhancing metabolism and energizing vital functions.

16) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa represents the taste or essence of a substance in Ayurveda, integral for determining its therapeutic properties. Understanding the rasa of herbs aids practitioners in recommending appropriate remedies based on an individual's constitution (Prakriti) and imbalances (Vikriti), affecting the treatment's efficacy.

17) Guna:
Guna refers to the inherent qualities or attributes of substances in Ayurveda. The analysis of gunas helps practitioners assess a herb's effects on the body, allowing for tailored treatments based on individual needs, constitutions, and prevailing health conditions.

18) Vipaka:
Vipaka denotes the post-digestive effect of a substance, revealing how it transforms in the body after digestion. Understanding vipaka is crucial in Ayurveda to predict the long-term effects of a herb, assisting in the formulation of balanced and effective treatments aligned with the patient’s constitution.

19) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosha is a foundational concept in Ayurveda that represents the three primary energies: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. Each dosha embodies specific physical and psychological characteristics, influencing an individual's health. Understanding dosha balance is essential for diagnosing imbalances and selecting appropriate therapeutic measures.

20) Grahin (Grahi):
Grahi refers to a quality or action that possesses absorptive or binding properties. In Ayurvedic therapy, grahi substances help consolidate and assimilate bodily substances, particularly useful for treating conditions related to excess fluid retention or gastrointestinal disorders.

21) Shothahara (Sothahara, Shotha-hara):
Shothahara describes properties or treatments that reduce swelling or inflammation. In Ayurvedic practice, herbs with shothahara qualities are valued for their efficacy in managing inflammatory conditions, facilitating healing, and promoting restorative health through the reduction of tissue swelling.

22) Stambhana:
Stambhana signifies quality that has a binding or stabilizing effect. In Ayurvedic treatments, stambhana is crucial for addressing issues like diarrhea or excessive bodily fluids, providing a therapeutic approach to stabilize and restore balance within the digestive system.

23) Madhura:
Madhura indicates the sweet taste in Ayurvedic dietary principles. This taste is known for its nourishing and calming effects on the body, playing a significant role in Balancing all three doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) while supporting overall vitality and energy.

24) Plaksha (Plaksa):
Plaksha refers to a specific tree or herb recognized in Ayurveda for its medicinal properties. The applications of Plaksha in traditional medicine make it a subject of specific studies, providing data on its effectiveness and usage in treating various health conditions.

25) Disease:
Diseases denote adverse health conditions marked by specific symptoms and dysfunction. In Ayurvedic practice, understanding diseases involves diagnosing imbalances in the doshas, guiding the selection of appropriate treatments to restore health.

26) Amradi (Amra-adi):
Amradi represents a group or category of diseases or disorders, often categorized together for therapeutic approaches. Classifying conditions within the Amradi category assists practitioners in focusing on specific treatment protocols for managing ailments effectively.

27) Virya:
Virya refers to the potency or strength of a substance in Ayurvedic therapy. This concept is vital for understanding how different herbs and remedies act within the body, guiding practitioners in therapeutic selections based on their efficacy and action potential.

28) Vrana:
Vrana translates to a wound in Ayurveda, representing a crucial area of focus for healing practices. Understanding vrana and its characteristics is essential for selecting appropriate treatments that facilitate healing and recovery, including herbal applications and management strategies.

29) Vata:
Vata is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, characterized by qualities such as mobility and dryness, representing air and space elements. Imbalances in Vata can lead to various health issues, making its understanding essential for targeted therapeutic interventions.

30) Varṇya (Varnya):
Varnya signifies the quality that promotes complexion enhancement and rejuvenation. In Ayurvedic medicine, substances with varyna properties are sought after for their beautifying effects, contributing to skin health and overall vitality.

31) Ulcer:
Ulcers refer to open sores on the skin or mucous membranes. In Ayurvedic practice, ulcer management involves identifying the root causes and employing herbs and therapies aimed at promoting healing and preventing recurrence.

32) Gana:
Gana refers to a group or category within Ayurvedic texts, often used to classify herbs based on shared therapeutic properties. This systematic grouping enhances understanding and provides a structured approach to herbal medicine.

33) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a physiological response characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain. In Ayurveda, understanding inflammation is pivotal, as it affects the balance of doshas and requires appropriate interventions to manage symptoms and restore balance in the body.

34) Nyagrodhadi (Nyagrodha-adi):
Nyagrodhadi refers to a classification of trees and herbs traditionally recognized in Ayurvedic texts. This classification aids practitioners in organizing medicinal knowledge and applying specific plant properties to treat various health conditions effectively.

35) Substance:
Substances denote various materials used in Ayurvedic practices, encompassing herbs, minerals, and animal products. Understanding the properties and potential actions of these substances is essential for effective treatment formulation in Ayurvedic medicine.

36) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are bioactive compounds present in many plants with noted anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and health benefits. Their significance extends into Ayurvedic formulations, underpinning the medicinal properties of herbs and contributing to their therapeutic profiles.

37) Udumbara:
Udumbara is a specific medicinal plant recognized for its therapeutic potential in Ayurveda. The various parts of the Udumbara plant are utilized to address diverse health issues, reinforcing the importance of botanical resources in holistic healing.

38) Medicine:
Medicine refers to substances used to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases. In Ayurveda, the focus is on holistic healing approaches that integrate various natural substances to rebalance the body and promote overall health, emphasizing preventive care.

39) Marathi:
Marathi refers to the language spoken predominantly in the Indian state of Maharashtra. The significance arises with culturally relevant medicinal knowledge and practices that flourish within this linguistic context, providing a rich source of indigenous medical wisdom.

40) Bengali:
Bengali pertains to the language and ethnic group of people primarily from the Indian state of West Bengal and Bangladesh. The importance lies in how local knowledge of medicinal plants and Ayurveda integrates into cultural practices, enhancing understanding among practitioners.

41) Aushadhi (Ausadhi, Ausadhin, Aushadhin):
Aushadhi similarly relates to medicinal substances derived from herbs and plants, crucial in Ayurveda. The term highlights the importance of nature’s resources in developing effective treatments and the holistic philosophy that guides therapeutic formulations.

42) Family:
Family in botanical classification signifies a group of related plants sharing common characteristics. Understanding plant families enhances the knowledge of herbal uses, effects, and synergistic properties, aiding practitioners in therapeutic selections.

43) Hindi (Himdi):
Hindi is one of the official languages of India, widely used across the country. The relevance of Hindi arises in the context of disseminating Ayurvedic knowledge through literature and communication, making this knowledge accessible to a broader audience.

44) Tamil:
Tamil is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The relevance of Tamil is noted in relation to the rich tradition of herbal medicine and Ayurvedic practices that are documented and practiced within this linguistic framework.

45) Dhanvantarinighantu (Dhanvantari-nighantu):
Dhanvantari-nighantu is an Ayurvedic text compiling extensive knowledge on medicinal herbs and treatments associated with the figure of Dhanvantari. It serves as a vital reference for practitioners, detailing the therapeutic uses and properties of various substances.

46) Kaiyadevanighantu (Kaiyadeva-nighantu):
Kaiyadeva-nighantu is another important Ayurvedic text presenting a systematic catalog of medicinal plants, their properties, and uses. This nighantu aids practitioners in understanding and applying the vast medicinal wisdom embedded in Ayurvedic texts effectively.

47) Vranaropana (Vrana-ropana):
Vranaropana signifies the therapeutic process aimed at healing wounds. Ayurvedic treatments for vrana focus on enhancing tissue regeneration and preventing infection, embodying the holistic principles of recovery and restoration in healthcare.

48) Kaphapitta (Kapha-pitta):
Kapha-pitta refers to a combination of two doshas, necessitating unique approaches for balancing both. Understanding this interplay aids practitioners in designing holistic treatments addressing conditions influenced by these overlapping doshic characteristics.

49) Prakasha (Prakasa):
Prakasha refers to illumination or clarity, often used metaphorically in Ayurvedic texts to signify the understanding of principles and practices inherent in health and wellness. It emphasizes knowledge as a guiding light in effective healing.

50) Activity:
Activity pertains to the biological effects or actions of substances, particularly in relation to health benefits. Understanding the activity of herbs and treatments allows practitioners to predict outcomes and optimize therapeutic interventions.

51) Prameha:
Prameha indicates a group of diseases primarily affecting the urinary system, often associated with imbalances in the doshas. This category guides practitioners in diagnosing urinary disorders and outlining appropriate treatments within the Ayurvedic framework.

52) Vriksha (Vrksa):
Vriksha refers to trees or large plants, fundamental sources of robust herbal remedies in Ayurveda. Recognizing specific vriksha allows practitioners to tap into the unique properties and benefits each tree species provides, deepening the understanding of botanical medicine.

53) Shotha (Sotha):
Shotha indicates swelling or edema, often a symptom of inflammation. In Ayurveda, understanding shotha assists practitioners in diagnosing underlying imbalances and selecting appropriate treatments to reduce swelling and restore balance in the affected areas.

54) Murcha:
Murcha signifies a state of faintness or dizziness, often related to imbalances in the body's doshas, particularly Vata. Ayurveda addresses murcha through specific herbs and treatments aimed at restoring equilibrium and preventing episodes of fainting.

55) Phala:
Phala denotes the fruit or outcome in Ayurveda, representing not just the physical fruit from plants, but also the results of therapeutic measures. It's central in understanding the benefits derived from medicinal plants and the efficacy of treatments.

56) Dahaprashamana (Dahaprasamana, Daha-prashamana):
Dahaprasamana represents treatment aimed at alleviating burning sensations and symptoms associated with heat in the body. In Ayurveda, this practice is vital for managing symptoms arising from Pitta imbalances, ensuring the body remains in harmony.

57) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals refer to the bioactive compounds found in plants. Their relevance in Ayurvedic medicine lies in their diverse health-promoting properties, guiding the formulation of treatments based on potency and effectiveness in herbal remedies.

58) Kaphaprada (Kapha-prada):
Kapha-prada indicates a quality or action that exacerbates Kapha dosha. Understanding kapha-prada qualities helps healthcare practitioners discern when certain remedies might be contraindicated for individuals with Kapha imbalances.

59) Nyagrodha:
Nyagrodha refers to the banyan tree, significant in Ayurvedic medicine for its diverse medicinal properties. Its bark and other parts are frequently studied and utilized for their therapeutic implications in maintaining health and wellness.

60) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda, meaning 'knowledge of life', is an ancient system of medicine rooted in natural remedies, holistic healing, and the balance of doshas. It emphasizes health and wellness through lifestyle, diet, and the use of plant-based medicines.

61) Samhita:
Samhitas are collections of ancient texts that compile Ayurvedic knowledge and practices. Recognizing the significance of samhitas is vital for practitioners seeking to understand the breadth of wisdom contained within traditional Ayurvedic literature.

62) Trishna (Trsna):
Trishna connotes thirst or a craving, often linked to imbalances in the body. Ayurvedic treatment seeks to identify and address the underlying doshic causes of trishna, ensuring proper hydration and balance within bodily systems.

63) Visarpa:
Visarpa describes a type of skin disease or infection characterized by spreading lesions. In Ayurveda, distinguishing visarpa helps practitioners diagnose skin conditions effectively, facilitating appropriate treatment choices for healing.

64) Snigdha:
Snigdha signifies a quality of being unctuous or oily. This term becomes essential in analyzing the properties of substances used in Ayurveda, especially those aimed at counteracting dryness and promoting moisture in the body.

65) Vedana:
Vedana translates to pain or discomfort in Ayurveda. Understanding vedana is critical to address patients' symptoms correctly, guiding practitioners to recommend appropriate treatments tailored to alleviate discomfort and restore health.

66) Daha:
Daha describes a burning sensation or heat in the body, often symptomatic of Pitta imbalances in Ayurveda. Addressing daha is essential in therapeutic strategies to cool the body and restore balance to the affected areas.

67) Kashayaskandha (Kasayaskandha, Kashaya-skandha):
Kasayaskandha represents a classification of bitter or astringent herbs used in Ayurveda. Such classifications help practitioners understand which remedies are best suited to treat excess moisture, promoting balance in bodily functions.

68) Vedanasthapana (Vedana-sthapana):
Vedana-sthapana refers to treatments aimed at alleviating pain. In Ayurveda, understanding vedana-sthapana techniques is crucial for addressing patient discomfort and ensuring holistic patient care through customized interventions.

69) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Anti-bacterial qualities refer to the capacity to inhibit bacterial growth, crucial in treating infections. In Ayurveda, incorporating anti-bacterial herbs contributes significantly to preventing and addressing various infectious diseases with natural remedies.

70) Raktapitta (Rakta-pitta):
Raktapitta refers to a specific set of ailments characterized by blood disorders and heat. In Ayurveda, understanding rakta-pitta is essential in diagnosing and managing related health conditions through targeted treatment approaches.

71) Dhanvamtri (Dhanvantri):
Dhanvantri is a revered figure in Ayurveda, regarded as the god of medicine. His contributions are foundational, and texts named after him compile extensive wisdom on healing practices and plant-based remedies for health restoration.

72) Affection:
Affection denotes genuine care and regard, particularly emphasized in traditional medicinal practices. In Ayurveda, addressing a patient’s emotional and psychological wellness, alongside physical health, is essential for comprehensive treatment and holistic care.

73) Aushadha (Ausadha):
Aushadha refers to plants and their extracts used for medicinal purposes in Ayurveda. Understanding aushadha encompasses the principles of natural healing, emphasizing the relationship between plant properties and therapeutic actions in healthcare practices.

74) Skandha (Skamdha, Skamda):
Skandha denotes a conceptual grouping or category in Ayurveda, facilitating organized understanding of medicinal substances and practices. These groupings aid practitioners in the effective application of knowledge, supporting diagnosis and treatment planning.

75) Leprosy:
Leprosy represents a chronic infectious disease impacting skin and nerves. Ayurveda approaches leprosy by addressing underlying imbalances, utilizing herbal treatments and holistic strategies to promote recovery and prevent complications.

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 173]