Normal labour in ayurveda- an ayurvedic review
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Normal labour in ayurveda- an ayurvedic review
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Nekib Hussain and Kaushalya Khakhlary
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
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Full text available for: Normal labour in ayurveda- an ayurvedic review
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr202315-29467
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The process of childbirth, or "Prasava," is classified in Ayurveda as a natural occurrence rather than a medical intervention. Over the years, India has witnessed a significant increase in Cesarean deliveries and labor inductions, leading to concerns about the potential complications associated with these procedures. To address these challenges, Ayurveda provides detailed guidelines on normal labor and management techniques aimed at facilitating a safer birthing process. The review conducted by Nekib Hussain and Kaushalya Khakhlary underscores the importance of traditional Ayurvedic approaches, particularly focusing on "Garbhini Paricharya" in the third trimester, which aims for a comfortable delivery.
The Concept of Prasava
In Ayurvedic terminology, "Prasava" refers to the expulsion or release of the fetus during childbirth. This process typically occurs between the first day of the ninth month to the end of the tenth month, as acknowledged by various Ayurvedic texts. The causes of Prasava’s initiation include factors such as natural detachment of the fetus from the umbilical cord, the maturation of the fetus, and specific changes in the mother’s body. The role of "Vata," specifically the Apana Vayu, is crucial in facilitating the labor process, as it aids in the expulsion of the fetus. Ayurvedic scholars have emphasized the use of specific interventions, such as "Niruha Vasti" in the eighth month and "Anuvasana Vasti" in the ninth month, to support a smooth childbirth.
Importance of Vata Balancing
In Ayurveda, Vata dosha plays a significant role in the normal process of labor. It governs coordination within the body during childbirth, particularly aiding in the contraction of uterine muscles. Acharya Charaka and other scholars highlight the necessity of managing Vata, promoting its normal function through dietary and medical interventions during the third trimester. Techniques to maintain Vata health include employing "Garbhini Paricharya" strategies, such as gentle bodily exercises and dietary changes rich in nourishing properties. This management ensures that the expectant mother experiences less discomfort, facilitating a timely and uncomplicated delivery.
Interventions for Smooth Labor
The review outlines various Ayurvedic interventions designed to ensure "Sukhaprasava," or a comfortable delivery. Specific practices, including "Yoni Pichhu" to soften the vaginal passage and "Asthapana Vasti" to facilitate the expulsion of the placenta, were mentioned as effective methods in labor management. These techniques help reduce labor complications and promote healthy childbirth by preparing the body for the stresses of delivery. The prescribed herbal preparations and tonics not only support physical well-being but also contribute to the emotional comfort of the mother during the birthing process.
Conclusion
Overall, the findings suggest that adhering to Ayurvedic practices regarding "Prasava" and "Garbhini Paricharya" significantly influences the labor process in a positive manner. The research promotes the notion that traditional methods can lead to vaginal deliveries with minimal medical interventions, thereby ensuring safer pregnancy outcomes. By re-evaluating and applying these time-tested principles, contemporary practices in obstetrics could potentially enhance maternal and fetal health, enabling a return to more natural childbirth experiences.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the significance of Ayurveda in normal delivery management?
Ayurveda offers detailed protocols for managing normal labor through methods like Prasava Paricharya, which include herbal treatments and practices aimed at ensuring a safe and effective delivery while minimizing complications.
What increases the risk of cesarean deliveries in India?
The cesarean delivery rate in India has risen significantly due to increased labor inductions, often prompted by healthcare providers to manage convenience rather than patient necessity, which can disrupt natural labor processes.
What role does Apana Vayu play during labor?
Apana Vayu is crucial for fetal expulsion during labor. It facilitates contractions and helps in the downward movement of the fetus, ensuring a smooth delivery process as per Ayurvedic principles.
What are some Ayurvedic practices recommended for normal labor?
Ayurvedic practices include Niruha Vasti in the 8th month and Anuvasana Vasti, along with Yoni Pichhu in the 9th month, which promote normal labor by ensuring proper Vata balance and easing the passage of the fetus.
How does Garbhini Paricharya support pregnancy?
Garbhini Paricharya focuses on dietary and therapeutic measures during the third trimester. It balances Vata dosha, alleviates discomfort, and prepares the mother’s body for labor, promoting safe and healthy delivery.
What is Prasava in Ayurvedic terms?
In Ayurveda, Prasava refers to the process of childbirth, emphasizing the natural expulsion of the fetus. It encompasses various physiological and procedural aspects that facilitate a safe delivery.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Normal labour in ayurveda- an ayurvedic review”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Prasava:
Prasava refers to the process of childbirth in Ayurveda, encompassing the natural delivery and expulsion of the fetus from the mother’s womb. It is viewed as a natural phenomenon and signifies the transition of a baby from the intrauterine environment to the outside world, highlighting the importance of timing and physiological readiness in labor.
2) Labour (Labor):
Labour in Ayurveda encompasses the physiological and natural process of childbirth, which involves uterine contractions leading to the expulsion of the fetus. It is essential for practitioners to understand the stages and characteristics of labour to ensure a smooth delivery and prevent complications for both mother and child.
3) Garbha:
Garbha translates to 'fetus' or 'embryo' in Ayurveda. It signifies the developing child within the womb and indicates the importance of maternal health and well-being throughout pregnancy to ensure the growth of a healthy garbha. Ayurvedic practices aim to create a balanced environment for garbha development.
4) Vata:
Vata is one of the three doshas or fundamental principles in Ayurveda, associated with air and space. It governs movement, communication, and the nervous system. A balanced vata is crucial for the proper commencement of labor, as it facilitates the necessary movements for birthing.
5) Garbhini:
Garbhini refers to a pregnant woman in Ayurveda, focusing on her health and well-being during pregnancy. The care practices prescribed for the garbhini ensure that both the mother and fetus are nurtured, helping to promote a healthy labor and delivery process through specific Ayurvedic interventions.
6) Vayu:
Vayu, meaning 'wind' or 'air,' is a critical component of the body's physiological processes in Ayurveda. It is responsible for many bodily movements, including those during labor. Specifically, apana vayu is vital in the expulsion of the fetus during childbirth. Understanding its role aids in managing labor effectively.
7) Anuvasanavasti (Anuvasana-vasti):
Anuvasana-vasti is a therapeutic enema in Ayurveda that uses oil or medicated substances to nourish and soften tissues. It is indicated during the later stages of pregnancy to relax the lower body and prepare for labor, facilitating the expulsion of the fetus and easing discomfort during childbirth.
8) Anuvasana:
Anuvasana denotes a type of enema that focuses on delivering medicinal oils into the body to enhance nourishment and support bodily functions. In the context of labor, anuvasana is used to alleviate discomfort, promote relaxation, and prepare the body for a smoother delivery process.
9) Pain:
Pain during labor, also known as labor pain, is a natural aspect of childbirth signaling the body’s process of delivering the baby. Understanding its characteristics and management is essential in Ayurveda, as it aids practitioners in providing effective pain management strategies to ensure a smoother experience for the mother.
10) Avastha:
Avastha translates to 'stage' or 'condition' in Ayurveda. In the context of labor, it refers to the different stages of delivery, each with distinct signs and symptoms. Identifying these stages helps in providing appropriate care and interventions to facilitate a smooth labor process.
11) Taila (Thaila):
Taila means 'oil' in Ayurveda, often used in various treatments and therapies. In the context of labor, medicated tailas are used for massages and enemas to prepare the body for childbirth, improving lubrication, relieving pain, and promoting relaxation of the muscles.
12) Yoni (Yonin):
Yoni signifies the female reproductive organ, as well as the concept of femininity in Ayurveda. It is crucial during childbirth, and its health and functioning are emphasized in prenatal care practices to ensure a smooth and safe labor experience.
13) Ashtanga (Astanga, Ashtan-anga):
Ashtanga translates to 'eight limbs' and refers to a fundamental text and the associated eightfold path of Ayurveda. It provides comprehensive guidelines on health practices, including those pertaining to pregnancy, labor management, and postpartum care.
14) Avi:
Aavi signifies the normal uterine contractions experienced during labor that signal the readiness of the body for childbirth. It is essential to understand the intensity and frequency of aavi for monitoring labor progress and ensuring the health and safety of both the mother and fetus.
15) Dravya:
Dravya refers to 'substance' or 'matter' in Ayurveda. It includes various herbs, minerals, and other materials used in treatments and rituals. In pregnancy and labor, specific dravyas are utilized to support maternal health and facilitate a smooth delivery process.
16) Drug:
A drug denotes a specific agent or substance used for therapeutic purposes. In the context of labor, it refers to herbs or formulations that assist in managing pain, enhancing the delivery process, and ensuring the health of both mother and child.
17) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine that emphasizes a holistic approach to health, considering the balance of body, mind, and spirit. It contains extensive knowledge on pregnancy and childbirth, providing guidelines for maintaining maternal health and ensuring successful labor.
18) Snigdha:
Snigdha translates to 'unctuous' or 'oily' and refers to qualities that provide nourishment and lubrication in Ayurveda. In the context of pregnancy and labor, snigdha properties are utilized to soften tissues and facilitate smooth delivery, preventing complications.
19) Kushtha (Kustha):
Kushtha refers to a certain medicinal herb used in Ayurvedic treatments known for its beneficial properties. In the context of labor, it may be included for its potential to support various body functions, contributing to a smoother childbirth.
20) Samhita:
Samhitas denote classical texts in Ayurveda that compile principles, practices, and remedies. These texts serve as essential resources for practitioners in understanding pregnancy, labor management, and postpartum care.
21) Laghu:
Laghu means 'light' or 'subtle' in Ayurveda and describes the quality of certain foods or medicines. In the context of pregnancy, laghu properties may be emphasized to avoid heaviness, promote digestion, and create a conducive environment for labor and delivery.
22) Ushna (Usna):
Ushna means 'warm' or 'hot' and is one of the qualities used in Ayurvedic diagnosis and therapy. Ushna properties can stimulate physical processes, which could be relevant during labor to assist in uterine contractions and enhance comfort during childbirth.
23) Table:
In academic and clinical contexts, tables serve as organized representations of data or information. They are crucial for summarizing Ayurvedic practices, treatment protocols, and the relationships between various factors influencing pregnancy and labor for practitioners.
24) Ashtangasamgraha (Astangasamgraha, Astangasangraha, Ashtanga-samgraha, Ashtanga-sangraha, Ashtangasangraha):
Ashtanga-sangraha is a significant text in Ayurveda that compiles various principles, treatments, and practices. It is instrumental in understanding Ayurvedic approaches to health, including pregnancy and labor management protocols, guiding practitioners effectively.
25) Asthapana:
Asthapana refers to a type of enema used in Ayurveda that involves the introduction of medicated substances to cleanse the body. In pregnancy, asthapana may be employed to facilitate labor by promoting relaxation and easing the expulsion of the fetus.
26) Anulomana:
Anulomana refers to the act of facilitating natural processes within the body, such as the elimination of waste or normalization of functions. In the context of labor, anulomana practices help prepare the body for smooth delivery by ensuring readiness and minimizing difficulties.
27) Samgraha (Sangraha):
Sangraha denotes the act of gathering or compiling knowledge. In Ayurveda, this term is often associated with texts that compile various treatments and guidelines concerning health, including those specific to labor and pregnancy management.
28) Hridaya (Hrdaya):
Hridaya refers to the 'heart' in Ayurveda, often symbolizing emotional and spiritual well-being. In the context of labor, hridaya represents the importance of emotional support and stability for mothers, contributing to a positive birthing experience.
29) Mutra:
Mutra translates to 'urine' and indicates the elimination of waste in Ayurveda. Proper urinary function is emphasized during pregnancy and labor to prevent complications and maintain general health for the mother and fetus.
30) Vyana:
Vyana refers to one of the five types of vayu (air) in Ayurveda, governing circulation and movement throughout the body. Vyana plays a role during labor by aiding in the distribution of energy and supporting contractions essential for delivery.
31) Apana:
Apana, among the five types of vayu, is primarily responsible for downward movements in the body. During labor, apana is crucial for expelling the fetus, navigating it through the birth canal or pathway safely.
32) Katu:
Katu translates to 'pungent' and denotes a specific quality in Ayurvedic texts. In the context of labor, katu properties may be pertinent in stimulating certain bodily functions, aiding in the management of discomfort associated with childbirth.
33) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa signifies 'taste' and is crucial in Ayurveda for understanding the therapeutic aspects of substances. In labor, the balance of rasa in foods and medicines can influence a woman’s condition and facilitate smoother childbirth.
34) Ghi (Ghee):
Ghee, or clarified butter, is a significant substance in Ayurveda, known for its nourishing and nourishing properties. Used in preparations for pregnant women, ghee is essential for promoting overall health, strength, and support during labor.
35) Ashtangahridaya (Astangahrdaya, Ashtanga-hridaya):
Ashtanga-hridaya is a central Ayurvedic text that contains teachings and practices on health and wellness. It serves as a guidance source for practitioners, especially in understanding various treatments related to pregnancy and labor management.
36) Apanavayu (Apana-vayu):
Apanavayu is a subtype of vayu responsible for downward movements such as elimination and childbirth. Its role during labor is crucial for guiding the fetus through the birth canal, ensuring successful delivery.
37) Vagbhata:
Vagbhata was an influential Ayurvedic scholar credited with significant contributions to the understanding of medicine. His texts provide insights into treatment strategies, including those relevant to labor and the management of maternal health during childbirth.
38) Sakrita (Sakrta, Shakrita):
Shakrita, translated as 'feces' or 'stool,' signifies the elimination of waste in Ayurveda. Proper elimination during pregnancy and labor is crucial to maintaining maternal health and preventing complications associated with labor.
39) Prasuti:
Prasuti translates to 'delivery' or 'childbirth' in Ayurveda, aligning with the concept of prasava. It embodies the total process of labor, from onset to completion, indicating the importance of understanding and managing various stages for optimal outcomes.
40) Ruksha (Ruksa):
Ruksha translates to 'dry.' In Ayurveda, it describes qualities that can have a depleting effect on the body. During pregnancy and labor, ruksha properties should be balanced with snigdha (unctuous) qualities to ensure comfort and ease in labor.
41) Artava:
Artava signifies 'menstrual fluid' or 'female reproductive fluid' in Ayurveda. Understanding artava and its regulation is crucial in pregnancy as it relates to women's reproductive health and the process of childbirth.
42) Shukra (Sukra):
Shukra refers to 'semen' or 'reproductive fluid' in Ayurveda, representing male reproductive health. A balance of shukra is vital in the context of conception and subsequent pregnancy, impacting the overall health of the fetus.
43) Dugdha:
Dugdha translates to 'milk' and is significant in Ayurveda for nutrition and nourishment. During pregnancy, it is emphasized for its strengthening properties, providing essential nutrients that support maternal health and aid in labor.
44) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosha refers to the fundamental energies that govern physiological functions in Ayurveda, primarily comprising vata, pitta, and kapha. Each dosha's balance is essential for maintaining health during pregnancy and influencing the labor process.
45) Karma (Karman):
Karmas denote the prescribed actions and interventions in Ayurveda based on dosha balance. Effective karmas during labor ensure successful delivery, minimizing complications, and enhancing maternal recovery.
46) Basti:
Basti refers to enemas or colon-cleansing procedures in Ayurveda. During labor, basti may be employed for cleansing and preparation of the body, aiding in the management of discomfort and smooth delivery.
47) Sukha:
Sukha translates to 'happiness' or 'comfort' in Ayurveda. In the context of labor, achieving sukha signifies a smooth, uncomplicated delivery, which is a principal goal of Ayurvedic practices during childbirth.
48) Vaca:
Vacha, also known as Acorus calamus, is a medicinal plant used in Ayurveda. It possesses various therapeutic properties that can support digestion and physical functions, potentially playing a role in easing discomfort during labor.
49) Nadi (Nadin):
Nadi signifies 'channel' or 'nerve' in Ayurveda, representing pathways for energy circulation in the body. Understanding nadis in the context of labor is essential for practitioners, as they play a role in physiological responses and pain sensations during childbirth.
50) Kala:
Kala translates to 'time' in Ayurveda and can denote the timing of various life stages or processes. In labor, recognizing the appropriate kala is essential for understanding when to expect onset and progression.
51) Rice (Rce):
Rice, particularly in the context of Ayurveda, is recognized as a staple food that provides nourishment. In pregnancy, rice can be incorporated into the diet to ensure adequate energy and support overall health for the mother and the developing fetus.
52) Vyanavayu (Vyana-vayu):
Vyana-vayu refers to the type of vayu responsible for circulation and movement throughout the body. During labor, it plays an integral role in ensuring the effective distribution of energy, which is essential for contractions and discomfort management.
53) Vatadosha (Vatadosa, Vata-dosha):
Vata-dosha represents one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, characterized by qualities of movement and dryness. Vata-dosha is particularly prominent during the later stages of pregnancy and labor, necessitating balanced management to prevent complications.
54) Nibandha (Nibamdha):
Nibandha signifies 'binding' or 'obstruction' in Ayurveda, often relating to the connections within the body. In the context of labor, understanding nibandha is vital for removing blockages to facilitate smooth delivery and ensure maternal comfort.
55) Sarshapa (Sarsapa):
Sarshapa, or mustard seed, is utilized in Ayurveda for its various therapeutic properties. It may be used during labor for its potential effects on digestion or to stimulate uterine contractions, aiding in a smoother delivery process.
56) Prakrita (Prakrta):
Prakrita refers to the 'natural' or 'normal' state of bodily functions in Ayurveda. Maintaining a prakrita balance in vata and other doshas is crucial for facilitating smooth labor, promoting health and overall well-being.
57) Vatahara (Vata-ahara):
Vatahara describes substances and practices in Ayurveda that pacify vata dosha. In pregnancy and labor, practices aimed at balancing vata are indispensable for preventing discomfort and ensuring an easier childbirth experience.
58) Aushadhi (Ausadhi, Ausadhin, Aushadhin):
Aushadhi denotes 'medicinal plant' or 'herb' in Ayurveda. It reflects the vital role of specific aushadhis in managing pregnancy symptoms, labor pain, and enhancing the overall birthing experience with healing properties.
59) Madhura:
Madhura means 'sweet' in Ayurveda and represents one of the six tastes essential for balance in diet. Sweetness is attributed to nourishing and strengthening qualities, making it a beneficial aspect during pregnancy and labor.
60) Tikshna (Tiksna):
Tikshna, meaning 'sharp' or 'intense,' refers to characteristics of certain substances in Ayurveda. In labor management, tikshna properties may be utilized to stimulate bodily functions or enhance the effectiveness of treatments as needed.
61) Tantra (Tantrism, Tamtra):
Tantra denotes a system or methodology within Ayurveda, guiding the application of various health principles. Within labor and delivery, tantras aid practitioners in understanding therapeutic practices to ensure maternal and fetal well-being.
62) Ghrita (Ghrta):
Ghrita refers to clarified butter and is a crucial component in Ayurvedic health practices. Used for nourishment during pregnancy, ghrita enhances vitality and strength while playing a significant role in labor management.
63) Yavagu:
Yavagu translates to a rice gruel or porridge, recognized for its nurturing properties in Ayurveda. Consumed during pregnancy and labor, yavagu provides essential nutrients and hydration, supporting maternal health and facilitating smooth delivery.
64) Sutika:
Sutika refers to the period after childbirth focused on recovery and healing for the mother. Ayurvedic practices during sutika prioritize nourishment, rest, and care, ensuring women regain strength and health after labor.
65) Grahin (Grahi):
Grahi translates to 'grasping' or 'holding' in Ayurveda. In the context of labor, grahi represents the need for effective force during contractions, essential for the successful expulsion of the fetus.
66) Bala:
Bala refers to 'strength' or 'power' in Ayurveda, highlighting the importance of physical and mental strength in pregnancy and labor. Ensuring bala is a key aspect of maternal health, supporting a safe and effective delivery process.
67) Amla:
Amla translates to 'sour' and denotes a particular flavor in Ayurveda known for its health benefits. Used in various formulations, amla enhances overall vitality and can be included in maternal diets for boosting health.
68) Hair:
Hairs may have cultural significance in Ayurveda, representing health and personal well-being. Addressing concerns surrounding hair in postpartum care emphasizes holistic approaches to recovery for mothers after labor.
69) Sushruta-samhita (Susruta-samhita):
Sushruta-samhita is an authoritative text in Ayurveda detailing surgical procedures and healthcare practices. It contains critical information on labor management, offering guidelines to practitioners for ensuring safe childbirth.
70) Mudhagarbha (Mudha-garbha):
Mudha-garbha signifies obstructed or challenging labor in Ayurveda, emphasizing the need for interventions and treatments to facilitate successful delivery. Understanding this term aids practitioners in addressing labor complications effectively.
71) Hastipippali (Hasti-pippali):
Hastipippali, a medicinal herb, is utilized in Ayurvedic practices for its potential health benefits. Incorporation of hastipippali in treatment can support respiratory health during labor and enhance overall maternal strength.
72) Niruhavasti (Niruha-vasti):
Niruhavasti is synonymous with niruhabasti, focusing on the administration of herbal solutions via enemas. Its role is particularly crucial during labor in managing discomfort and preparing for effective delivery.
73) Vyanavata (Vyana-vata):
Vyana-vata denotes the circulatory aspect of vata dosha, responsible for distributing energy and nutrients throughout the body. During labor, vyana-vata ensures effective circulation, promoting contractions and maternal well-being.
74) Mamsarasa (Mamsa-rasa):
Mamsa-rasa refers to the essence or extract derived from meat, known for its nutritious properties. It is used in Ayurveda to enhance strength and vitality, supporting maternal health during pregnancy and labor.
75) Prajanana:
Prajanana signifies the act of childbirth or delivery in Ayurveda. Understanding this term is crucial for practitioners to ensure comprehensive care and address the physiological changes in women during labor.
[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 226]
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Normal labour in ayurveda- an ayurvedic review’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Apanavayu, Vyanavayu, Garbhini, Prasava, Vasti, Sukhaprasava, Niruhavasti, Anuvasanavasti, Clinical feature, Garbhini Paricharya, Traditional Ayurvedic treatment, Prasava Paricharya, Management of complications.
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