Review of tamaka shvasa
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Review of tamaka shvasa
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Dr. Mangesh T. Ballal and Dr. Apurva C. Vichare
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Review of tamaka shvasa
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr202317-29712
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
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Summary of article contents:
1) Introduction
Tamaka Shvasa is a term derived from Ayurvedic medicine that encompasses various respiratory disorders, primarily characterized by dyspnea (difficulty in breathing). This condition is specifically noted for the severity of symptoms, which often exacerbate at night, causing the patient to feel as if they are entering darkness. The pathophysiology involves a disruption of Vata and Kapha doshas, leading to obstructions in the pranavaha srotas (respiratory channels). The prevalence of Tamaka Shvasa parallels that of bronchial asthma in modern medicine, which is recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the airways.
2) Key Concept: Bronchial Asthma as Tamaka Shvasa
Bronchial asthma, a significant global health concern, shows symptoms that closely align with the descriptions found in Ayurvedic texts for Tamaka Shvasa. Asthma affects approximately 300 million individuals worldwide and has seen a 50% increase in prevalence over the last decade. The condition is influenced by various external allergens and is often more common in urban areas among children. The clinical manifestations include bouts of severe respiratory distress, resembling the characteristics of Tamaka Shvasa, where patients experience intense weakness and discomfort, particularly during episodes.
3) Key Concept: Etiology of Tamaka Shvasa
The etiological factors underlying Tamaka Shvasa include dietary and lifestyle elements that disturb the balance of doshas. Examples include the consumption of heavy, irritating foods (Vidahi Guru and Vishtambhi Ahar) and engaging in strenuous activities (Atimargagman and Ativayayama). Other contributing factors are environmental conditions, such as exposure to cold, humidity, and dust, which exacerbate symptoms and may lead to frequent asthma attacks. Understanding these factors is critical for effective management and mitigation of the disease.
4) Key Concept: Management of Tamaka Shvasa
Management strategies for Tamaka Shvasa are divided into two categories: Vegakalina (during an attack) and Avegakalina (when not experiencing an attack). During acute episodes, treatments focus on relieving symptoms by addressing the blockages caused by Kapha dosha. In contrast, the management approach during remission aims to strengthen the body, enhance immunity, and reduce the likelihood of future attacks through various interventions including dietary adjustments, herbal medications, and practices like yoga and pranayama.
5) Conclusion
In conclusion, Tamaka Shvasa, synonymous with bronchial asthma, represents a complex interplay of dosha imbalances leading to significant respiratory distress. The condition can be manageable and potentially curable, especially if diagnosed early. Implementing Ayurvedic principles through herbal treatments, lifestyle modifications, and breathing exercises can significantly enhance patients' quality of life and respiratory function. Emphasis on holistic approaches within Ayurveda offers valuable insights into the prevention and management of asthma, thereby providing a comprehensive framework for addressing this chronic health issue.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is Tamaka Shvasa and its predominant symptom?
Tamaka Shvasa is a respiratory disease characterized by severe dyspnoea, particularly during nighttime. The attacks often cause a sensation of entering darkness due to difficulty in breathing, attributed to vitiated Vata and Kapha doshas.
How does Tamaka Shvasa relate to bronchial asthma?
Tamaka Shvasa closely resembles bronchial asthma in modern medicine, with similar symptoms of respiratory distress and wheezing. Both conditions indicate significant airway obstruction and inflammation, affecting the patient's overall quality of life.
What are the common triggers for Tamaka Shvasa attacks?
Common triggers include cold weather, humidity, foul smells, and Kapha-aggravating foods. Attacks can also be precipitated by physical exertion or stress, affecting the patient's breathing and comfort.
What are the types of Tamaka Shvasa described in Ayurveda?
Tamaka Shvasa is classified into two types: Partamak Shvasa, with fever and fainting, and Santamaka Shvasa, which is aggravated at night. Treatment varies based on the type and severity of symptoms.
What management approaches are recommended for Tamaka Shvasa?
Management includes avoiding triggers, symptomatic relief, and therapeutic practices like yoga and pranayama. Herbal remedies can help reduce inflammation, enhance immunity, and improve lung function over time.
Can Tamaka Shvasa be cured or effectively managed?
Tamaka Shvasa can be manageable and even curable if of recent origin. Incorporating lifestyle changes, herbal treatments, and breathing exercises can significantly alleviate symptoms and improve overall health.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Review of tamaka shvasa”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Shvasa (Svasa, Svasha):
Shvasa refers to breath or respiration and is a central concept in Ayurveda associated with various respiratory conditions. It signifies the importance of breath in life and health, being a critical function. Understanding Shvasa helps in diagnosing and treating respiratory diseases, mainly those characterized by difficulty in breathing, such as Tamaka Shvasa.
2) Tamaka:
Tamaka signifies a specific type of respiratory disorder defined in Ayurveda, characterized by sudden attacks of breathlessness often occurring at night. The term implies a sense of urgency or distress caused by this condition and is crucial in distinguishing this type of Shvasa from others, making it important for diagnosis and treatment.
3) Disease:
Diseases encompass a wide range of health conditions leading to impaired normal functioning. Understanding the nature and underlying mechanisms of respiratory diseases like Tamaka Shvasa helps in establishing effective management strategies tailored to individual needs.
4) Kapha:
Kapha is one of the three Doshas in Ayurveda, representing elements of water and earth. It governs structure, stability, and immunity. An imbalance in Kapha is involved in conditions like Tamaka Shvasa, leading to excessive mucus production and contributing to respiratory issues, thus making its regulation vital in treatment.
5) Bronchial asthma:
Bronchial asthma is a modern medical term for a common respiratory condition similar to Tamaka Shvasa in Ayurveda. It involves chronic inflammation of the airways leading to difficulty in breathing. Understanding its prevalence, causes, and symptoms helps in recognizing it as a global health issue and aligning Ayurvedic treatments.
6) India:
India is significant in the context of asthma prevalence, with varying statistics demonstrating its impact on the population. The country faces a high burden of respiratory diseases, and understanding the cultural and environmental factors influencing conditions like Tamaka Shvasa can inform improved management and preventive measures in Ayurvedic practice.
7) Vata:
Vata is another primary Dosha in Ayurveda linked with movement and energy. In respiratory conditions, vitiated Vata can lead to disturbed airflow and other symptoms associated with Tamaka Shvasa. Recognizing Vata's role in disease pathogenesis is essential for appropriate Ayurvedic treatments targeting respiratory health.
8) Vayu:
Vayu refers to the concept of air or wind in both physiological and elemental contexts in Ayurveda. It encompasses the vital life force and energy movement within the body. Abnormalities in Vayu can contribute to respiratory disorders like Tamaka Shvasa, stressing the importance of balance in managing these conditions.
9) Vitiation (Vitiated):
Vitiated describes the state of Doshas when they become imbalanced or disturbed, leading to disease manifestation. In the context of Tamaka Shvasa, vitiated Kapha and Vata interfere with normal respiratory functions, highlighting the importance of restoring balance for effective treatment and management of respiratory conditions.
10) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosa refers to the physical imbalances in the body, which can lead to disease. In Ayurvedic medicine, recognizing and treating the underlying Dosa imbalance is critical for addressing conditions like Tamaka Shvasa, focusing on restoring health through natural means and tailored therapeutic interventions.
11) Pitta:
Pitta is one of the three Doshas representing fire and transformation in Ayurveda. It plays a role in metabolic processes. In respiratory diseases, especially those like Tamaka Shvasa, Pitta's imbalance can provoke inflammation and other symptoms, necessitating its consideration in treatment strategies.
12) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a response of the body's immune system to injury or irritation and is a key factor in many diseases. In bronchial asthma, inflammation of the airways causes breathing difficulties. Understanding its role is essential for both modern and Ayurvedic approaches to treating respiratory disorders effectively.
13) Kaphadosha (Kaphadosa, Kapha-dosha):
Kapha-dosha specifically refers to the imbalance of the Kapha Dosha, which can lead to excess mucus production and respiratory congestion. In the context of Tamaka Shvasa, managing Kapha-dosha is crucial for alleviating symptoms and restoring respiratory function, emphasizing the importance of tailored Ayurvedic treatments.
14) Entering:
Entering, in the context of Tamaka Shvasa symptoms, indicates the feeling of suffocation or being overwhelmed, particularly at night. This metaphor illustrates the psychological distress faced by patients, reflecting the urgency in addressing respiratory disorders effectively in both Ayurvedic and modern medical frameworks.
15) Drowning:
Drowning represents the sensation experienced during severe asthma attacks, where patients feel a loss of breath and panic. This vivid imagery emphasizes the critical nature of respiratory distress in Tamaka Shvasa, highlighting the necessity for immediate and effective intervention to alleviate the overwhelming feeling of asphyxiation.
16) Mineral:
Minerals play a key role in biological functions essential for maintaining health. In Ayurveda, understanding the impact of minerals on respiratory health can inform the use of mineral-based treatments aimed at enhancing immunity and supporting recovery from conditions like Tamaka Shvasa.
17) Apurva:
Apurva refers to a specific author or researcher contributing to the study and understanding of Tamaka Shvasa in the Ayurvedic context. Academic contributions are crucial for enhancing knowledge about traditional methods and integrating them with modern medical practices, ultimately improving patient care and treatment outcomes.
18) Srotas (Shrotas):
Srotas are the channels or pathways in Ayurveda through which bodily substances flow. Understanding the role of Pranavaha Srotas, particularly in respiratory diseases like Tamaka Shvasa, is vital for acknowledging how imbalances hinder normal airflow and respiratory functioning, guiding appropriate therapeutic interventions.
19) Prana (Pran):
The prana embodies the essential life force enabling respiration and vitality. In Ayurveda, ensuring the unobstructed flow of prana is paramount for the proper functioning of the respiratory system, making it foundational in treating conditions such as Tamaka Shvasa and optimizing overall health.
20) Drug:
Drug typically refers to any medicinal substance used for treatment. In Ayurvedic practice, various herbal drugs have unique properties that can help alleviate symptoms and restore balance among the Doshas, playing a key role in managing respiratory conditions like Tamaka Shvasa.
21) Aha (Ahan, Ahar):
Ahar denotes dietary intake, crucial to maintaining balance within the body. In Ayurveda, the quality and type of food consumed directly influence the health of the Doshas and the overall well-being, providing dietary modifications essential for managing conditions like Tamaka Shvasa effectively.
22) Life:
Life represents the fundamental quality of living and well-being. In the context of respiratory diseases such as Tamaka Shvasa, understanding the impact of health, disease, and treatment options plays a vital role in improving quality of life for affected individuals through effective management and holistic approaches.
23) Shvasaroga (Svasaroga, Shvasa-roga):
Shvasa-roga refers to respiratory diseases broadly in Ayurveda. Understanding specific types, including Tamaka Shvasa, allows practitioners to target treatment effectively based on the symptoms and underlying Dosha imbalances, leading to more accurate diagnoses and personalized therapeutic strategies.
24) Unconscious:
Unconscious describes the extreme state of unawareness or lack of responsiveness experienced by patients during severe asthma attacks. This elevated level of distress highlights the critical need for timely and appropriate treatment for conditions like Tamaka Shvasa to prevent situations that may lead to loss of consciousness.
25) Pranavayu (Prana-vayu):
Prana-vayu, a subset of Vayu in Ayurveda, refers to the specific air element responsible for vitalizing the physiological processes, including respiration. Its disturbance can significantly impact respiratory health, which is crucial in understanding and treating disorders like Tamaka Shvasa effectively.
26) Pittadosha (Pittadosa, Pitta-dosha):
Pitta-dosa indicates the disturbance or imbalance of the Pitta element in an individual's constitution. In respiratory conditions, particularly Tamaka Shvasa, Pitta's imbalance can contribute to exacerbated symptoms, emphasizing the need for treatments that restore equilibrium among the Doshas for overall health.
27) Vishtambhin (Vistambhin, Vishtambhi, Vistambhi):
Vishtambhi relates to the obstructive aspect of certain foods and practices that lead to Kapha disturbance in Ayurveda. Understanding how Vishtambhi factors contribute to respiratory conditions like Tamaka Shvasa is important in formulating dietary and lifestyle recommendations to manage symptoms effectively.
28) Developing:
Developing reflects the ongoing research into understanding and addressing respiratory conditions like Tamaka Shvasa in modern and traditional medical practices. This evolution is essential for improving treatment outcomes and patient education regarding prevention and effective management of such diseases.
29) Meditation:
Meditation is a practice aimed at enhancing mental clarity and physiological balance. In managing Tamaka Shvasa, meditation can aid in stress reduction, improve lung function, and contribute positively to overall respiratory health through promoting relaxation and mindfulness aimed at alleviating symptoms.
30) Irritation:
Irritation in the context of respiratory health refers to the inflammation and discomfort caused by allergens and pollutants affecting airway function. Recognizing sources of irritation is key in understanding and treating disorders like Tamaka Shvasa, guiding preventive strategies for affected patients.
31) Pratiloma (Prati-loma):
Pratiloma describes an adverse condition where airflow is obstructed during respiration. In the context of Tamaka Shvasa, recognizing the significance of Pratiloma helps in understanding the obstruction's impact on lung function, emphasizing the need for treatments that facilitate normal breath patterns.
32) Pratamaka:
Pratamaka represents a subtype of Shvasa in Ayurveda describing worsened symptoms in conjunction with fever and weakness. Acknowledging Pratamaka's characteristics helps in differentiating it from other respiratory conditions, informing treatment choices, and ensuring timely medical intervention.
33) Suffering:
Suffering reflects the distress and discomfort experienced by individuals dealing with respiratory issues like Tamaka Shvasa. Effective management of suffering through both Ayurvedic and modern methods is crucial for improving the quality of life for affected individuals.
34) Rasayana (Rasa-ayana):
Rasayana refers to rejuvenative therapies in Ayurveda focused on promoting health and long life. Utilizing Rasayana in the context of managing Tamaka Shvasa aims at restoring balance among the Doshas and overall vitality, facilitating recovery and improving lung function.
35) Udavarta:
Udavarta refers to the upward movement of Vata and is associated with various disorders. In the context of Tamaka Shvasa, understanding Udavarta's implications is vital for comprehensive diagnosis and treatment strategies that restore balance among the Doshas.
36) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the science and practice of diagnosing and treating illness. Understanding both Ayurvedic and allopathic perspectives on conditions like Tamaka Shvasa promotes holistic approaches that integrate various treatment modalities to enhance patient care.
37) Fainting (Fainted):
Fainting describes a temporary loss of consciousness often related to insufficient oxygen supply, relevant in the context of severe respiratory distress experienced during Tamaka Shvasa. Recognizing this symptom is imperative for urgent medical intervention to ensure patient safety and prevent complications.
38) Apathya:
Apathya refers to contraindicated foods or activities that can exacerbate diseases. Understanding Apathya is essential in Ayurveda for managing conditions such as Tamaka Shvasa, where specific lifestyle modifications can prevent worsening symptoms and support recovery.
39) Dusita (Dushita):
Dushita refers to the state of being polluted or contaminated. In the context of Tamaka Shvasa, identifying Dushita factors helps in understanding how environmental and lifestyle elements contribute to respiratory issues and guiding effective purification strategies within treatment paradigms.
40) Quality:
Quality signifies the overall health and well-being of individuals. In the context of treating Tamaka Shvasa, improving the quality of life through effective management and preventive practices is essential for enhancing patient outcomes and overall well-being.
41) Sharira (Sarira):
Sharira refers to the physical body in Ayurveda. Understanding its structure, functions, and the interplay of Doshas is crucial in diagnosing and treating respiratory ailments like Tamaka Shvasa, as the body’s constitution significantly influences health outcomes.
42) Science (Scientific):
Science refers to the systematic study of the physical and natural world. In the medical context, integrating scientific research with traditional practices like Ayurveda evolves treatment modalities for respiratory conditions, enhancing patient care and understanding disease mechanisms.
43) Vidahi:
Vidahi refers to food that causes burning or increased heat in the body. Understanding the effects of Vidahi foods is critical when addressing respiratory diseases like Tamaka Shvasa, as certain dietary choices can aggravate symptoms and impede recovery.
44) Ruksha (Ruksa):
Ruksha denotes dry or rough qualities in Ayurveda. In respiratory health, Ruksha factors associated with dryness may contribute to conditions like Tamaka Shvasa, necessitating dietary and lifestyle adjustments to alleviate symptoms and promote healing.
45) Varsha (Varsa):
Varsha signifies the rainy season in Ayurveda, which can influence health significantly. In respiratory conditions like Tamaka Shvasa, environmental factors related to Varsha, such as humidity and temperature, need to be taken into consideration when formulating treatment strategies.
46) Vihara:
Vihara encompasses lifestyle practices that are crucial for maintaining health according to Ayurvedic principles. Understanding proper Vihara is essential for managing Tamaka Shvasa, as certain behaviors may exacerbate respiratory symptoms and impede recovery.
47) Pathya:
Pathya refers to the recommended foods and practices that promote health. In managing Tamaka Shvasa, adherence to Pathya is vital for balancing Doshas and ensuring effective treatment outcomes, guiding patients towards healthier choices.
48) Reason:
Reason alludes to the underlying causes contributing to illness. In the context of Tamaka Shvasa, identifying specific reasons for Dosha imbalances helps in developing effective treatment plans that address the root causes of respiratory disorders.
49) Tivra:
Tivra translates to intensity or severity, particularly regarding symptoms. Understanding Tivra in the context of Tamaka Shvasa highlights the necessity for timely intervention and appropriate treatment measures to manage severe respiratory distress effectively.
50) Fever:
Fever represents an elevated body temperature often signaling infection or inflammation. In respiratory conditions like Pratamaka Shvasa, fever is a critical symptom that requires thorough evaluation, as it may indicate underlying issues complicating the respiratory disease.
51) Study (Studying):
Study refers to the scholarly investigation or analysis aimed at understanding aspects of health and disease. Research about Tamaka Shvasa informs clinical practices and enhances understanding of effective treatment methodologies in both Ayurvedic and modern medical contexts.
52) Sweating (Sweat):
Sweat is the body's natural cooling mechanism and can indicate the level of discomfort in respiratory distress. Monitoring sweating patterns is crucial in assessing the severity of Tamaka Shvasa, guiding treatment decisions, and ensuring patient comfort.
53) Wind:
Wind represents one of the elements in Ayurveda, closely associated with the Vata Dosha. Understanding the impact of environmental wind factors on conditions like Tamaka Shvasa is important for developing management strategies to mitigate their effects.
54) Guru:
Guru implies heavy or burdensome qualities in Ayurvedic terminology, especially concerning foods or substances. Recognizing Guru characteristics assists in understanding their impact on conditions like Tamaka Shvasa, where certain heavy foods may worsen symptoms.
55) Roga:
Roga denotes illness or disease in Ayurveda. Recognizing different forms of Rogas, such as Tamaka Shvasa, allows practitioners to tailor treatment approaches effectively, focusing on restoring balance among the Doshas to improve health.
56) Tama:
Tama symbolizes darkness or ignorance, particularly in relation to respiratory distress in Tamaka Shvasa. This concept evokes the significant psychological impact of the condition, making it essential to address both physical and emotional aspects in treatment and care.
57) Yoga:
Yoga encompasses physical and mental practices aimed at promoting overall health. Integrating Yoga into treatment plans for respiratory conditions like Tamaka Shvasa enhances physical fitness, improves lung function, and establishes a holistic approach to patient wellness.
58) Ritu (Rtu):
Ritu signifies seasonal influences on health in Ayurveda. Understanding how different Ritus may affect respiratory conditions like Tamaka Shvasa is essential in guiding lifestyle adjustments and treatment options during specific times of the year.
59) Vaha:
Vaha denotes vessels or channels in Ayurveda, representing pathways of energy and nutrients in the body. Recognizing the importance of Pranavaha Srotas in respiratory conditions like Tamaka Shvasa helps to guide appropriate therapies aimed at restoring normal function.
60) Male:
Male refers to gender considerations in health statistics. In conditions like asthma, including Tamaka Shvasa, understanding gender disparities in prevalence and symptom expression is essential for personalized treatment approaches and healthcare interventions.
Other Science Concepts:
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