Integrated approach towards osteoporosis wsr menopause
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Integrated approach towards osteoporosis wsr menopause
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Dr. Tinku-Ganesh Prabhu Khalache, Dr. Rutuja Raghunath More, Dr. Priyanka Baliram Dinde
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Integrated approach towards osteoporosis wsr menopause
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr202318-28037
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Osteoporosis is a significant global health issue characterized by decreased bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased fragility and a greater risk of fractures. This condition disproportionately affects women, particularly postmenopausal women, due to the accelerated loss of bone density associated with estrogen deficiency that occurs during menopause. In India, statistics reveal that 42.5% of women over the age of 50 are affected by osteoporosis. Early diagnosis and targeted prevention strategies are crucial to mitigate the impacts of this condition, particularly given its silent progression until fractures occur.
The Impact of Menopause on Bone Health
Menopause is a critical factor in the development of osteoporosis, as the decline in estrogen levels sharply accelerates bone loss in women. With an average life expectancy extending into the 70s, women often spend a considerable portion of their lives post-menopause, making osteoporosis a major health concern. During this transition, women may experience various symptoms such as hot flashes and sleep disturbances, alongside a significant decline in bone density. Postmenopausal women face a rate of bone loss of approximately 2.5% annually for up to a decade, leading to increased susceptibility to fractures and diminished quality of life.
Diagnosis and Assessment Techniques
The diagnosis of osteoporosis primarily relies on measuring bone mineral density (BMD), typically using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. These assessments provide T-scores and Z-scores, which differentiate normal bone density from osteopenia and osteoporosis. A T-score of -2.5 or lower indicates osteoporosis, while scores between -1.0 and -2.5 suggest osteopenia. Effective use of these diagnostic tools allows for early intervention in those at risk, enabling proactive management of osteoporosis to prevent fractures and improve life quality.
Ayurvedic Perspectives on Osteoporosis
In Ayurveda, osteoporosis can be understood in terms of Asthisaushirya and Asthikshay, which refer to porous bones and bone loss, respectively. Ayurvedic treatments emphasize the importance of prevention and incorporate various therapeutic approaches, such as dietary modifications, lifestyle changes, and specific herbal remedies. Strategies like ensuring adequate calcium intake, engaging in weight-bearing exercises, and utilizing Ayurvedic formulations from herbs such as Arjuna and Ashwagandha are suggested to combat the effects of osteoporosis. Notably, Basti therapy has been highlighted as a significant intervention for enhancing bone health and managing vata-related disorders linked to osteoporosis.
Conclusion
Osteoporosis presents a multifaceted challenge that chiefly affects postmenopausal women, with significant implications for individual health and overall wellness. Understanding its underlying causes, such as menopause, and employing both conventional and Ayurvedic treatment strategies is imperative for effective management. It is crucial to promote awareness regarding osteoporosis, focusing on early diagnosis and preventative measures to mitigate risks and preserve quality of life in aging populations. Through comprehensive approaches that integrate modern medical knowledge and traditional practices, healthcare providers can better serve individuals affected by osteoporosis.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is osteoporosis and its main characteristics?
Osteoporosis is a bone metabolic disease characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue. This leads to increased bone fragility and a heightened risk of fractures, especially in older adults.
How does menopause affect osteoporosis in women?
Menopause accelerates osteoporosis due to estrogen deficiency, which helps in calcium metabolism and bone formation. Women may lose approximately 2.5% of bone mass per year following menopause.
What diagnostic methods are used for osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis diagnosis primarily involves measuring bone mineral density (BMD) using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). A T-score of -2.5 or lower indicates osteoporosis.
What lifestyle changes can help manage osteoporosis?
Lifestyle modifications include engaging in weight-bearing exercises, consuming a balanced diet rich in calcium and protein, and avoiding smoking, excessive caffeine, and alcohol.
What are some non-hormonal treatments for osteoporosis?
Non-hormonal treatments include calcium and vitamin D supplements, bisphosphonates to prevent bone loss, and calcitonin to inhibit resorption.
How does Ayurveda approach osteoporosis management?
Ayurveda correlates osteoporosis with Asthikshay and Asthisaushirya. Management may include lifestyle adjustments, dietary changes, and treatments like Basti and herbs such as Arjuna and Ashwagandha.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Integrated approach towards osteoporosis wsr menopause”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Disease:
Disease refers to a pathological condition characterized by an abnormal functioning of the body or mind. In the context of osteoporosis, it represents a condition where bone mineral density is reduced, leading to increased fracture risk. Understanding the nature of diseases is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
2) Mineral:
Minerals are essential elements required by the body for various functions, including bone health. Calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium are vital in maintaining bone density. Insufficient mineral intake can lead to osteoporosis, making dietary awareness a critical factor in prevention.
3) Asthidhatu (Asthi-dhatu):
Asthidhatu is an Ayurvedic term referring to the bone tissue as one of the seven fundamental bodily components or dhatus. It plays a significant role in providing structural support and strength to the body. Understanding Asthidhatu aids in the holistic approach of treatment for ailments like osteoporosis.
4) Basti:
Basti is a therapeutic procedure in Ayurveda involving the administration of medicated liquids through the rectum. It's considered a key treatment for various disorders, especially related to vata dosha. In the context of osteoporosis, Basti helps to nourish bones and combat the deterioration associated with the disease.
5) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine that emphasizes balance in the body, mind, and spirit. It provides natural and holistic approaches to health and wellness. In addressing osteoporosis, Ayurveda focuses on lifestyle modifications, dietary interventions, and herbal remedies to restore bone health.
6) Arjuna:
Arjuna, or Terminalia Arjuna, is a medicinal plant known for its various health benefits, particularly in cardiovascular and bone health. Its bark contains calcium and other minerals essential for bone strength, making it useful in managing osteoporosis and improving overall bone density.
7) Life:
Life is a fundamental concept representing existence and vitality. In the context of osteoporosis, understanding the impact of life stages, particularly menopause in women, is crucial. It highlights how changes in life, such as hormonal shifts, can significantly affect bone health and increase osteoporosis risk.
8) Measurement:
Measurements involve quantifying specific physical parameters, such as bone density, which is crucial for diagnosing osteoporosis. Proper techniques, like DXA scans, provide essential data to assess the severity of bone loss and tailor effective treatment and monitoring plans.
9) Majjadhatu (Majja-dhatu):
Majjadhatu refers to the bone marrow tissue in Ayurveda. It's vital for hematopoiesis and nourishing other dhatus, playing a critical role in bone health. Proper functioning of Majjadhatu supports the integrity of Asthidhatu, thus affecting the overall health status of bones in osteoporosis patients.
10) Saushirya (Sausirya):
Saushirya, in Ayurvedic terms, denotes a condition of porous bones, akin to osteoporosis. It reflects the deterioration of bone strength due to various factors. Recognizing Saushirya helps in identifying individuals at risk and tailoring preventive strategies against bone fragility.
11) Vatadosha (Vatadosa, Vata-dosha):
Vatadosha is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, representing air and space elements. Imbalances in Vatadosha can lead to various disorders, including osteoporosis. Treatment focuses on pacifying Vata through appropriate diet and therapies, which is essential for maintaining bone density and structural integrity.
12) Medicine:
Medicine refers to the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. Integrative approaches, combining traditional practices like Ayurveda with modern medical treatments, are essential for effective management of conditions like osteoporosis, ensuring holistic health for individuals.
13) Prabhu:
Prabhu is a name or title likely referring to the lead author of the study. In academic contexts, understanding the contributions of researchers like Dr. Tinku-Ganesh Prabhu Khalache is essential, as their work helps advance knowledge in fields like osteoporosis research and treatment.
14) Cancer:
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. It is noted as a significant health concern alongside osteoporosis. Understanding the risk factors and impact of osteoporosis can help tailor interventions for individuals with cancer, particularly those undergoing treatments that affect bone health.
15) Indian:
Indian refers to the nationality associated with India, a country where various traditional practices like Ayurveda are rooted. Understanding the cultural and health perspectives of Indian women regarding osteoporosis is essential due to the higher prevalence of the condition in this demographic.
16) Asthi (Ashthi):
Asthi is the Sanskrit word for bone in Ayurveda. It is classified as one of the essential dhatus that contributes to the body's structure. Acknowledging the significance of Asthi in health helps focus treatment efforts aimed at rebuilding and maintaining strong bones.
17) Dhatu:
Dhatus are the fundamental tissues constituting the body in Ayurveda. Each dhatu serves specific functions, with Asthi (bone tissue) being crucial for support and stability. Knowledge of Dhatus is essential for determining treatment plans aimed at restoring bone health.
18) Pain:
Pain often manifests as a symptom in osteoporotic patients, commonly arising from fractures or structural changes in bones. Recognizing pain's role in osteoporosis highlights the importance of timely diagnosis and management strategies, which aim to alleviate discomfort and improve quality of life.
19) Rheumatoid arthritis:
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder affecting joints but can also influence bone health. Osteoporosis is a common concern in patients with rheumatoid arthritis due to inflammation and medications that might exacerbate bone loss. Interventions must address both conditions simultaneously.
20) Terminalia arjuna:
Terminalia arjuna is a tree native to India, known for its medicinal properties, particularly in supporting cardiovascular and bone health. The phytochemicals in its bark assist in enhancing bone density, making it a valuable herb in managing osteoporosis and aiding recovery.
21) Ashvagandha (Ashva-gandha, Ashvagamdha, Ashwagandha, Asvagandha):
Ashwagandha, or Withania somnifera, is an adaptogenic herb known for its stress-relieving properties and beneficial effects on bone health. Studies suggest that it can enhance bone mineralization, making it a supportive natural remedy in the management of osteoporosis.
22) Substance:
Substance refers to a particular matter with specific properties. In the context of osteoporosis, substances like calcium and vitamin D are crucial for bone health. Their adequate intake through diet or supplements is essential for preventing bone density loss and managing osteoporosis.
23) Suffering:
Suffering refers to the state of undergoing pain or distress, often felt by individuals with osteoporosis due to unpredictable fractures and mobility limitations. Addressing not only the physical but also the emotional aspects of suffering is vital for holistic health care.
24) Colouring (Coloring):
Colouring, in this context, may refer to the phytochemicals present in medicinal plants like Arjuna that have health benefits. Understanding colour and compounds in herbs can aid in recognizing their medicinal properties and valuing their role in health, particularly concerning osteoporosis.
25) Upakrama:
Upakrama refers to the specific action or treatment used in Ayurveda aimed at disease management. In the treatment of osteoporosis, understanding the right upakrama is essential for effective management and improving the patient's bone health status.
26) Samhita:
A Samhita is a collection of ancient Ayurvedic texts that systematically document medicinal practices and treatment principles. These texts provide insights into how Ayurvedic treatments can be utilized for managing osteoporosis and promote an understanding of holistic health practices.
27) Hemadri (Heman-adri):
Hemadri refers to a scholar or authority in Ayurveda who provides comments or interpretations on Ayurvedic texts. Citing experts like Hemadri enriches the understanding of traditional knowledge and its practical applications in modern contexts, such as osteoporosis management.
28) Quality:
Quality refers to the standard or degree of excellence of a product or service. In healthcare, the quality of interventions and treatments administered for osteoporosis is crucial in ensuring effective management, minimizing complications, and enhancing patients' lives.
29) Science (Scientific):
Science involves systematic study and empirical research that leads to evidence-based knowledge. Integrating scientific research with traditional practices like Ayurveda can provide comprehensive approaches to treat osteoporosis, promoting a deeper understanding of the disease's pathophysiology and treatment options.
30) Vikara:
Vikara refers to a manifestation or onset of a disease. Understanding the Vikara associated with osteoporosis is vital in diagnosing the condition accurately and implementing effective treatment modalities to manage and reverse bone degradation.
31) Bhagna:
Bhagna refers to fractures or broken bones in Ayurveda. As osteoporosis leads to increased fracture risk, recognizing Bhagna's significance helps in prioritizing preventative measures and strengthening strategies to mitigate the impact of bone fragility.
32) Ruksha (Ruksa):
Ruksha is an Ayurvedic term meaning dry or rough. It is associated with conditions that increase Vata dosha. Understanding Ruksha's role can help guide dietary choices and treatments that may support hydration and nourishment of bones in individuals suffering from osteoporosis.
33) Laksha (Laksa):
Laksha, or Lacca, is a resin obtained from certain trees used in Ayurvedic formulations. It is known for improving bone strength and is often included in treatments aimed at addressing osteoporosis and other bone health issues.
34) Sthira:
Sthira refers to stability, firmness, or strength in the context of Ayurveda. Maintaining Sthira is essential for the structural integrity of bones. Understanding this concept supports the development of practices that strengthen bones and promote resilience against conditions like osteoporosis.
35) Sthula:
Sthula means gross or substantial, indicating the physical aspect of the body and its tissues, including bones. In osteoporosis management, focusing on Sthula aspects encourages approaches that reinforce bone density through nutrition and exercise, combating bone loss effectively.
36) Family:
Family refers to a group of individuals related by blood or marriage. In the context of osteoporosis, family history may influence an individual's risk for developing the disease. Understanding familial patterns can guide early interventions and preventive strategies for at-risk individuals.
37) Nakha:
Nakha refers to nails in Ayurveda and is associated with the health of Asthi dhatu. Nail health can reflect the overall well-being of bones. Addressing conditions affecting Nakha can also have implications on bone health, particularly in osteoporosis.
38) Nasya (Nashya):
Nasya is an Ayurvedic treatment method involving the administration of herbal preparations through the nasal cavity. It targets ailments in the head and neck region, indirectly supporting bone health. Nasya can be included in holistic treatment plans for osteoporosis, focusing on overall health.
39) Laghu:
Laghu signifies lightness or the quality of being lightweight in Ayurveda. Dietary recommendations often prohibit Laghu food during osteoporosis management, as heavier foods can provide necessary nutrients for strengthening bones, preventing further deterioration.
40) Mridu (Mrdu):
Mridu means soft or gentle in Ayurveda. This quality is important in treatment approaches for osteoporosis, urging gentler methods of exercise and therapy to avoid further damage while promoting bone healing and overall well-being.
41) Shoka (Soka):
Shoka refers to grief or sorrow in a psychological context. Addressing emotional health is vital in managing chronic conditions like osteoporosis, where patients may struggle with pain or loss of mobility, necessitating a holistic approach to treatment.
42) India:
India is a country where Ayurveda originated, contributing to its unique healthcare perspectives. Understanding regional factors influencing bone health, including lifestyle and dietary habits, is essential for addressing the high prevalence of osteoporosis among Indian women.
43) Kesa (Kesha):
Kesha denotes hair in Ayurveda, which also holds significance concerning nourishment from Dhatus. Healthy hair is often indicative of balanced Dhatus including Asthi, and can help in understanding the broader effects of osteoporosis on overall bodily health.
44) Sugar:
Sugar refers to a type of carbohydrate that, when consumed in excess, can lead to various health issues, including complications in bone health. In osteoporosis management, reducing sugar intake can be part of a balanced diet that supports overall well-being.
45) Table:
Table may refer to data or information presented in a structured format, such as statistics on bone densities or treatment outcomes for osteoporosis. Tables are crucial for summarizing research findings, helping healthcare professionals make informed decisions.
46) Death:
Death signifies the end of life and can relate to the increased mortality associated with severe osteoporosis, particularly following fractures. Understanding this correlation highlights the importance of effective management strategies to prevent complications and improve quality of life.
47) Sweating (Sweat):
Sweat is the body's natural cooling mechanism, often affected by hormonal changes, especially during menopause, which can lead to accelerated bone loss. Monitoring sweat patterns can contribute to understanding individual health in relation to osteoporosis and hormone-related changes.
48) Hair:
Hair, similar to Kesha, represents the external manifestation of internal health balance. In Ayurveda, it serves as an indicator of overall well-being. Changes in hair health can reflect deficiencies or imbalances linked to osteoporosis.
49) Mala:
Mala represents waste products excreted from the body, which must be cleansed for optimal health. Deficiencies or excesses in malas may impact conditions like osteoporosis, necessitating preventive measures to ensure the body's balance and functional integrity.
50) Drug:
Drug refers to a substance used to treat or prevent disease. In osteoporosis, various drugs like bisphosphonates play a pivotal role in management strategies aimed at preventing bone density loss and subsequent fractures, addressing the disease's progression effectively.
51) Guru:
Guru translates to heavy or weighty and can refer to substances or concepts that are nourishing or beneficial. In Ayurveda, Guru foods may be important for osteoporosis management, as they provide the essential nutrients needed for strengthening bones.
52) Lepa:
Lepa refers to an external application of medicinal pastes in Ayurveda designed to treat various ailments. In osteoporosis management, specific Lepa formulations may be utilized to alleviate pain or aid in recovery after fractures, demonstrating the integrative approach of traditional medicine.
53) Hetu:
Hetu signifies the cause or reason behind a condition in Ayurveda. Understanding the Hetu of osteoporosis, such as hormonal changes or dietary deficiencies, is crucial in formulating comprehensive treatment approaches to effectively address bone health issues.
54) Vata:
Vata is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda denoting air and space, influencing bodily functions. An imbalance in Vata is often associated with diseases like osteoporosis. Balancing Vata through appropriate lifestyle choices is critical for maintaining bone health.
55) Vayu:
Vayu refers to the element of air in Ayurvedic philosophy. Its qualities influence many physiological aspects, including metabolism and movement. Understanding Vayu's impact can guide dietary and lifestyle changes to prevent osteoporosis, particularly in Vata-prone individuals.
56) Aha (Ahan, Ahar):
Ahar signifies food or diet in Ayurveda, crucial for maintaining health. Proper Ahar, inclusive of calcium and protein sources, is essential for preventing and managing osteoporosis by ensuring adequate nutrient intake for bone strength.
57) Diet:
Diet encompasses the food choices individuals make daily, significantly impacting health outcomes. A well-balanced diet rich in calcium and nutrients is vital in managing osteoporosis and enhancing bone density to prevent fractures.
58) Salt (Salty):
Salt, specifically sodium, plays a role in maintaining fluid balance in the body. Excessive salt intake can lead to calcium loss through urine, which can exacerbate osteoporosis. Monitoring sodium consumption is vital in dietary strategies aimed at promoting bone health.
59) Post:
Post may refer to the period following significant life events, such as menopause in women when osteoporosis risk significantly increases. Understanding the post-menopausal landscape helps highlight the importance of preventive measures and treatment during this vulnerable stage.
60) Mud:
Mood denotes the emotional state of a person, which can impact overall health. Factors like osteoporosis and its associated challenges often affect patients' emotional well-being, necessitating a holistic approach that addresses both physical and mental health aspects.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Integrated approach towards osteoporosis wsr menopause’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Withania somnifera, Cissus quadrangularis, Elderly women, Lifestyle modification, Clinical diagnosis, Lifestyle Factors, Ayurvedic Management, Clinical presentation, Hormonal therapy, Calcium intake, Vitamin D, Bone mineral density, Asthisaushirya, Osteoporosis, Estrogen deficiency, Back Pain, Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, Post menopause, Kyphosis, Menopausal transition, Silent disease, Weight bearing exercise, Bisphosphonates, Fragility fracture.