FTIR analysis of phytochemicals in Bauhinia racemosa leaves

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Phytochemical screening by ftir spectroscopic analysis of leaf extracts of bauhinia racemosa
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Original source:

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Author:

Ghumare Pramila and Dattatraya Jirekar


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: Phytochemical screening by ftir spectroscopic analysis of leaf extracts of bauhinia racemosa

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr202319-29949


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The study conducted by Ghumare Pramila and Dattatraya Jirekar focuses on the phytochemical screening of leaf extracts of Bauhinia racemosa using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. As interest in medicinal plants rises due to the adverse effects associated with synthetic pharmaceuticals, researchers are turning towards plant-based treatments. The bioactive compounds present in medicinal plants hold significant pharmacological value, and understanding their chemical composition can aid in uncovering their medicinal effects.

Phytochemical Analysis Using FTIR

One of the critical aspects of the research is the application of FTIR spectroscopy to identify functional groups in various solvent extracts of Bauhinia racemosa. The study utilized four different solvents—ethanol, chloroform, acetone, and petroleum ether—to extract the leaf components. The FTIR analysis revealed a range of functional groups associated with bioactive compounds, including carbohydrates, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, and phenolic compounds. These functional groups correlate with the medicinal properties attributed to the plant and are essential for identifying its potential therapeutic applications.

Methods of Leaf Extraction

The methodology involved preparing the leaf extract from shade-dried leaves of Bauhinia racemosa, which were finely ground and then subjected to Soxhlet extraction with the specified solvents. Following extraction, the mixtures were filtered to isolate the supernatants, which were then evaporated to achieve concentrated extracts for further analysis. This systematic approach ensured that the researchers effectively captured the chemical constituents of the leaves for FTIR analysis, contributing to the reliability and validity of their findings.

Interpretation of FTIR Results

The results from the FTIR analysis demonstrated specific peak values for various functional groups across the extracts. For instance, major peaks attributed to O-H, C-H, and C=O stretching indicated the presence of hydroxyl, alkane, and carbonyl compounds, which are significant in understanding the chemical profile of the extracts. The consistency in peak identification across different extracts suggests that Bauhinia racemosa contains various phytoactive compounds that may play crucial roles in its medicinal efficacy.

Conclusion

The study showcases the potential of FTIR spectroscopy as a robust analytical tool for identifying functional groups in medicinal plants like Bauhinia racemosa. The research findings highlight the presence of a diverse array of phytochemical compounds, underscoring the plant's significance in traditional medicine and potential future applications in pharmacology. Moreover, this work contributes to a growing body of knowledge that emphasizes the need for thorough chemical analysis of herbal remedies, paving the way for further exploration of their therapeutic properties and enhancing the understanding of their biochemical mechanisms.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What was the main objective of the study on Bauhinia racemosa?

The study aimed to evaluate the functional groups in leaf extracts of Bauhinia racemosa using FTIR spectroscopy, identifying bioactive compounds for potential medicinal uses.

Which solvents were used to extract leaf samples in the study?

Ethanol, chloroform, acetone, and petroleum ether were used to extract the leaf samples of Bauhinia racemosa in the study.

What types of phytochemicals were identified in the extracts?

The extracts contained various phytochemicals including carbohydrates, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, phytosterols, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, proteins, and amino acids.

How does FTIR spectroscopy help in analyzing plant extracts?

FTIR spectroscopy determines the types of chemical bonds and functional groups in compounds, allowing for the identification of phytochemical constituents in the plant extracts.

What are the benefits of using medicinal plants like Bauhinia racemosa?

Medicinal plants contain bioactive compounds with pharmacological activity, typically presenting fewer adverse effects compared to synthetic pharmaceuticals, making them safer alternatives for treatments.

How do the findings contribute to the field of herbal medicine?

The findings establish novel phytochemical markers for Bauhinia racemosa, facilitating the identification of active principles and aiding in quality assessment of medicinal materials.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “FTIR analysis of phytochemicals in Bauhinia racemosa leaves”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Study (Studying):
The study refers to the systematic investigation of the medicinal properties of Bauhinia racemosa, utilizing FTIR spectroscopy to analyze its leaf extracts. It aims to identify the functional groups present in the extracts, helping to understand the chemical basis for the plant's medicinal effects and aiding in the development of herbal medicines.

2) Powder:
Powder refers to the finely ground form of Bauhinia racemosa leaves used in the extraction process. The leaf powder was prepared using a mechanical grinder, allowing for better extraction of phytochemicals when mixed with various solvents, which enhances the overall efficacy of the subsequent analysis and potential medicinal application.

3) Table:
Tables in the research present organized data summarizing the findings from FTIR spectroscopy analysis. Each table outlines specific peak values, wave numbers, and corresponding functional group assignments for various solvent extracts of Bauhinia racemosa, facilitating easier interpretation of the data and comparison across different extract types.

4) Medicine:
Medicines denote substances used for treating diseases and alleviating symptoms, with herbal medicines being of growing interest due to their natural origins. The study underscores the efficacy of plant-based medicines, particularly Bauhinia racemosa, as alternatives to conventional pharmaceuticals, advocating for further exploration of medicinal plants in therapeutic contexts.

5) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds found in plants that contribute to their medicinal properties. The study identifies various phytochemicals in Bauhinia racemosa leaf extracts, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins, which possess specific health benefits. Understanding these compounds is crucial for developing effective herbal treatments and assessing their therapeutic potential.

6) India:
India serves as a significant context for the research due to its rich tradition of using medicinal plants in systems like Ayurveda and Siddha. The country’s biodiversity offers a plethora of plants with potential health benefits. The study of Bauhinia racemosa exemplifies India’s emphasis on exploring indigenous plants for pharmaceutical applications.

7) Transformation (Transform, Transforming):
Transform refers to the process of changing or converting raw plant materials into usable forms for extraction and analysis, such as converting dried leaves into powder. This transformation is essential for enabling FTIR spectroscopy to access the molecular characteristics of the leaf extracts, which can reveal important information about their functional groups.

8) Kada (Ka-da):
Kada refers to a location in India, specifically where the study was conducted at Anandrao Dhonde Alias Babaji Mahavidyalaya. This geographical context is important as it relates to local biodiversity and the utilization of indigenous plants like Bauhinia racemosa for medicinal purposes, reflecting regional practices in herbal medicine.

9) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological relates to the study of drug action and the interaction of chemical substances with biological systems. The research investigates the pharmacological significance of Bauhinia racemosa by identifying its bioactive components, which may lead to the development of herbal remedies with specific therapeutic effects on human and animal health.

10) Discussion:
Discussion involves the analysis of the study’s findings, integrating the results of the FTIR analysis with existing literature on medicinal plants. It offers insights into the relevance of the detected functional groups and phytochemicals in Bauhinia racemosa, fostering a deeper understanding of the plant's potential applications in herbal medicine.

11) Substance:
Substance is a general term that encompasses the various chemical entities present in the leaf extracts investigated in the study. Understanding the nature of these substances allows researchers to delve into their possible pharmacological and therapeutic roles within the context of traditional medicine and modern pharmaceutical applications.

12) Flavonoid:
Flavonoid, a specific type of phytochemical, is acknowledged for its health-promoting properties. The study likely identifies various flavonoids within Bauhinia racemosa, which may play critical roles in its medicinal efficacy. They have been linked to various biological activities, making them significant in the exploration of herbal therapeutic benefits.

13) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda refers to the ancient Indian system of medicine that emphasizes the use of herbs and natural substances for healing. The connection to this study lies in the exploration of Bauhinia racemosa, illustrating its relevance within Ayurvedic practices, where medicinal plants are essential for maintaining health and treating ailments holistically.

14) Activity:
Activity in this context pertains to the biological activity exhibited by the phytochemicals identified in Bauhinia racemosa. The study aims to evaluate these activities, providing insights into the potential therapeutic effects of the plant's extracts, thereby contributing to a broader understanding of herbal medicine effectiveness.

15) Learning:
Learning denotes the process of acquiring knowledge through research and analysis. This study promotes learning about the functional groups and phytochemicals in Bauhinia racemosa, contributing to the broader body of knowledge about medicinal plants and enhancing the understanding of their roles in traditional and modern healthcare.

16) Quality:
Quality refers to the assessment of the medicinal characteristics and efficacy of Bauhinia racemosa extracts. The study emphasizes the importance of determining the quality of herbal medicines through spectral analysis, which can help ensure consistency, efficacy, and safety for therapeutic use alongside traditional practices.

17) Species:
Species identifies the particular classification of plants being studied, as in the case of Bauhinia racemosa. Understanding the species is crucial for pharmacological research, as it provides context for the specific medicinal properties attributed to that plant and contributes to the identification of bioactive compounds for therapeutic applications.

18) Siddha:
Siddha refers to one of the traditional systems of medicine practiced mostly in Southern India, emphasizing natural healing systems. The study's focus on Bauhinia racemosa implicates its potential role in Siddha medicine, showcasing the significance of local plant species in the development of traditional herbal therapies and remedies.

19) Animal:
Animal refers to the subjects that can benefit from herbal medicines, in addition to human health. The study recognizes the important role medicinal plants like Bauhinia racemosa may play in treating ailments in animals, thereby enhancing the relevance of phytochemicals to both human and veterinary medicine.

20) Drug:
Drug encompasses any substance utilized for medicinal purposes, including natural herbs and compounds derived from plants. The study on Bauhinia racemosa explores its potential as a drug candidate, highlighting the importance of FTIR analysis in identifying active compounds that could be developed into pharmaceutical products or herbal medicines.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘FTIR analysis of phytochemicals in Bauhinia racemosa leaves’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Bauhinia racemosa, Medicinal plant, Phytochemical screening, Traditional medical system, Secondary metabolite, Acetone extract, Chloroform extract, Ethanol extract, Petroleum ether extract, FTIR Spectroscopy, Bioactive component, Functional group.

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