Ayurvedic manuscript study on COVID-19 and single herbal drugs.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Ayurvedic manuscript study on COVID-19 and single herbal drugs.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Nighantu (Nighamtu):
Nighantu refers to a class of Sanskrit texts that serve as comprehensive compendiums of medicinal plants and their uses, primarily in Ayurveda. These texts outline the properties, actions, and indications of various herbs and substances, playing a crucial role in traditional medicine by acting as references for practitioners and researchers.

2) Varga:
Varga is a term used in Ayurveda denoting a category or classification of plants, herbs, or medicinal substances based on shared qualities or effects. Each varga provides a systematic approach to understanding and utilizing specific herbs, enhancing the effectiveness of treatments by grouping them according to their therapeutic actions and properties.

3) Katu:
Katu translates to 'pungent' or 'bitter' and is one of the six taste profiles (rasa) identified in Ayurvedic medicine. Katu substances are believed to stimulate digestion, enhance appetite, and provide therapeutic relief in various conditions, making their understanding essential in Ayurvedic treatment formulations.

4) Drug:
Drugs in this context refer to various herbal and natural substances identified and utilized in Ayurvedic practices for their healing properties. Understanding the classification, effects, and appropriate uses of these drugs is vital for effective treatment planning and ensuring optimal patient outcomes in herbal medicine.

5) Tikta:
Tikta means 'bitter' and is another one of the six tastes in Ayurveda. Bitter substances are often associated with detoxification and cleansing properties. They are understood to have cooling effects and are valuable in addressing conditions related to excess heat or inflammation within the body.

6) Ushana (Usana):
Ushana means 'warm' or 'heating' and relates to the thermal properties of substances in Ayurveda. It indicates that certain drugs can raise body temperature, influencing metabolism and digestion, and are often used in treatments for cold-related diseases or conditions characterized by low energy.

7) Samhita:
Samhitas are ancient Ayurvedic texts that compile medicinal knowledge, including herbal properties and treatment protocols. They are foundational to the practice of Ayurveda, guiding practitioners in understanding various diseases, remedies, and therapeutic approaches vital for maintaining health.

8) Kasa (Kasha):
Kasa denotes 'cough' and is a symptom associated with various respiratory conditions in both Ayurveda and modern medicine. Understanding the types and causes of cough is essential for practitioners to provide effective herbal remedies and therapies tailored to individual patients' needs.

9) Snigdha:
Snigdha translates to 'unctuous' or 'oily,' indicating substances that possess lubricating properties. In Ayurveda, snigdha drugs are considered beneficial for nourishing tissues and alleviating dryness, making them important in the treatment of conditions related to dryness or depletion of bodily fluids.

10) Disease:
Disease refers to any dysfunction of the body or mind that leads to adverse health effects. Understanding the nature, causes, and manifestations of diseases in the context of Ayurveda helps practitioners tailor treatments based on individualized assessment and the holistic principles of Ayurveda.

11) Laghu:
Laghu means 'light' in contrast to heavy substances in Ayurvedic pharmacology. Laghu drugs are understood to ease digestion, promoting metabolic processes and encouraging the elimination of waste products, thus playing a significant role in treatment strategies targeting digestive health.

12) Karpuradi:
Karpuradi refers to a particular group of compounds or classifications in Ayurveda that includes aromatic and medicinal plants, particularly camphor. Understanding this classification aids practitioners in selecting potency-enhancing substances that can be used in formulations for effective treatment.

13) Musta (Mushta):
Musta, known scientifically as Cyperus rotundus, is a medicinal herb featured in Ayurvedic texts. It is valued for its carminative, digestive, and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a common ingredient in formulations for gastrointestinal issues and disorders.

14) Fever:
Fever is a common symptom of various ailments, often indicative of infection or inflammation. In Ayurveda, understanding the types and causes of fever is crucial for devising appropriate treatment strategies, including the use of specific herbal formulations aimed at resoring the body’s balance.

15) Guru:
Guru means 'heavy' and refers to the qualities of substances in Ayurveda. Guru drugs are often associated with nourishment and strength, and they are critical in treatments aimed at building and rejuvenating the body’s tissues, enhancing overall vitality.

16) Punarnava (Punar-nava):
Punarnava, or Boerhavia diffusa, is an important herb in Ayurvedic medicine known for its diuretic and rejuvenating properties. It is commonly utilized in treatments for conditions affecting kidney function and for its role in renewing the body’s vitality, especially after illness.

17) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient system of medicine originating from India, emphasizing a holistic approach to health and wellness. It combines the understanding of lifestyle, diet, herbal remedies, and spirituality to maintain balance within the body, making it a comprehensive health system embraced globally.

18) Ruksha (Ruksa):
Ruksha translates to 'dry' and signifies the qualities of certain substances in Ayurveda. Ruksha drugs can absorb excess moisture and are often useful in treating conditions featuring excess kapha or mucous. Understanding these properties allows for tailored treatment plans.

19) Patha:
Patha, or Cissampelos pariera, is a medicinal plant noted for its therapeutic effects in traditional Ayurvedic texts. Its applications span across various conditions, especially for its potential role in alleviating cough and other respiratory ailments.

20) Grahin (Grahi):
Grahi denotes the property of absorption or binding in Ayurvedic medicine. Drugs possessing grahi qualities can alleviate conditions characterized by excessive fluid retention or dysfunction in excretion, making them valuable in formulating treatments for various diseases.

21) Study (Studying):
The term 'study' refers to the systematic investigation and analysis of Ayurvedic principles, herbs, and treatments. This critical aspect of Ayurveda ensures that practitioners remain informed and can apply evidence-based methods to enhance patient outcomes in traditional medicine.

22) Bala:
Bala translates to 'strength' or 'vitality,' reflecting its role in Ayurvedic terminology. It signifies the importance of building physical and mental strength in a patient’s treatment regimen, thereby emphasizing the holistic nature of sustaining overall health.

23) Sign:
Sign refers to observable symptoms or indicators of health conditions. In Ayurvedic practice, recognizing the signs helps practitioners understand the underlying doshic imbalances, guiding them in developing effective, personalized treatment strategies for their patients.

24) Pain:
Pain is an unpleasant experience signaling potential injury or dysfunction within the body. Understanding pain in Ayurveda involves analyzing its root cause, determining the involved doshas, and using appropriate herbs and treatments to alleviate discomfort naturally.

25) Maharashtra (Maharastra, Maha-rashtra):
Maharashtra is a state in India known for its rich cultural heritage and diverse ecosystems, which include a variety of medicinal plants. This region plays a significant role in Ayurvedic practices, offering abundant local resources for traditional healing and healthcare.

26) Yashtimadhu (Yastimadhu, Yashti-madhu):
Yastimadhu, or Glycyrrhiza glabra, is a well-known herb in Ayurveda praised for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties. Widely used for throat and respiratory health, it acts as a demulcent, promoting healing and relief in various conditions.

27) Ashvagandha (Asvagandha, Ashwagandha, Ashvagamdha, Ashva-gandha):
Ashwagandha, or Withania somnifera, is a revered herb in Ayurveda known for its adaptogenic properties. It is primarily used to help the body cope with stress, enhance immunity, and support overall vitality, making it essential in many Ayurvedic formulations.

28) Dravyaguna (Dravya-guna):
Dravyaguna is a branch of Ayurveda that focuses on the properties of medicinal substances (dravyas) and their therapeutic applications. Understanding dravyaguna allows practitioners to select appropriate herbal remedies based on their pharmacological actions, therapeutic effects, and compatibility with patient's conditions.

29) Shatavari (Satavari):
Shatavari, or Asparagus racemosus, is a significant herb in Ayurveda known for its rejuvenating and adaptogenic properties. Widely used for women's health, it supports various bodily functions, promotes hormonal balance, and enhances overall vitality and wellness.

30) Kantakari (Kamtakari):
Kantakari, or Solanum xanthocarpum, is an Ayurvedic herb recognized for its beneficial effects on respiratory health. Serve in formulations targeting cough and bronchial conditions, it is valued for its ability to clear phlegm and improve lung function.

31) Ativisa (Ativisha):
Ativisha, or Aconitum heterophyllum, is a potent medicinal herb valued in Ayurveda for its anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties. It plays a significant role in treating various ailments, particularly gastrointestinal disorders, by promoting digestive health and relieving discomfort.

32) Bharangi (Bharamgi):
Bharangi is an herb used in Ayurveda, known for its efficacy in respiratory conditions. It is especially valued for its ability to alleviate cough and enhance respiratory function, making it a common ingredient in formulations targeting lung health.

33) Jivaniya:
Jivaniya refers to a group of herbs that have rejuvenating and strengthening qualities in Ayurveda. Herbs categorized under jivaniya are used to restoring vitality and energy, ensuring a holistic approach in treating debilitating conditions or after illness recovery.

34) Vitiation (Vitiated):
Vitiated refers to an imbalance in the doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) in Ayurveda. Recognizing vitiated conditions is essential to effective diagnosis and treatment protocols, allowing practitioners to restore balance through dietary, lifestyle, and herbal recommendations tailored to individual patients.

35) Draksha (Draksa):
Draksha, or Vitis vinifera (grape), is an Ayurvedic herb known for its nourishing and restorative properties. It is frequently used in various formulations to support digestion, enhance vitality, and treat conditions related to deficiency or depletion of bodily strength.

36) Pippali (Pippalin):
Pippali, or Piper longum, is a significant herb in Ayurveda known for its warming, digestive, and expectorant properties. It is widely utilized in formulations to support respiratory health and enhance digestive fire (agni), assisting in symptom relief for various ailments.

37) Shunthi (Sunthi, Sumthi, Shumthi):
Sunthi describes dry ginger, used in Ayurveda for its warming and digestive properties. It is often incorporated into formulations for treating digestive issues, nausea, and cold-related ailments, contributing to enhanced metabolic function and overall health.

38) Anushna (Anusna):
Anushna refers to the property of being 'warm' or 'heating' in Ayurveda, essential for understanding the thermal effects of various drugs. It guides practitioners in selecting appropriate treatments based on temperature-related symptoms and underlying doshic imbalances within patients.

39) Tulasi:
Tulasi, or Ocimum sanctum (holy basil), is celebrated in Ayurveda for its adaptogenic and medicinal properties. It is often used for promoting overall health, supporting respiratory function, and enhancing immunity. Its significance extends into spiritual and cultural practices as well.

40) Laksha (Laksa):
Laksha, or Laccifer lacca, is a resin exudate known for its medicinal properties in Ayurveda. It is commonly used in treatments addressing a range of ailments, including respiratory pathology and blood disorders, thanks to its soothing and nutritional qualities.

41) Pitta:
Pitta is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, representing heat and transformation. Its balance is essential for digestion, metabolism, and overall health. Understanding pitta's characteristics helps in identifying disorders linked to excessive heat, guiding effective treatment strategies.

42) Balya:
Balya means 'strengthening' in the context of Ayurvedic formulations. Substances with balya properties are crucial for restoring or enhancing physical strength, vitality, and overall well-being in patients, especially those recovering from illness or experiencing weakness.

43) Arshas (Arsa, Arsas, Arsha):
Arsha refers to hemorrhoidal conditions in Ayurveda. Recognizing arsha involves understanding its symptoms and causes to guide therapeutic approaches that often include dietary changes and specific herbal remedies aimed at alleviating discomfort and promoting healing.

44) Amla:
Amla, or Phyllanthus emblica, is a potent medicinal herb in Ayurveda known for its high vitamin C content and antioxidant properties. Its applications range from enhancing immunity to promoting digestion, making it a staple in numerous herbal formulations.

45) Vata:
Vata is one of the three primary doshas in Ayurveda, associated with movement, creativity, and bodily functions like circulation. Maintaining balance in vata is crucial for overall health, as its excess or deficiency can lead to various disorders.

46) Gana:
Gana refers to a group or category of herbs in Ayurveda that share similar healing properties. Classifying herbs into ganas aids practitioners in effectively formulating treatments that target specific health issues or imbalances based on shared characteristics.

47) Post:
Post often refers to the aftermath of a condition, particularly after an illness, highlighting the importance of rehabilitation and restorative treatments. This concept is crucial in Ayurveda for promoting recovery through the use of specific herbs and therapies.

48) Cyperus rotundus:
Cyperus rotundus, known as Musta in Ayurveda, is a medicinal herb recognized for its digestive and anti-inflammatory properties. It plays a vital role in treating gastrointestinal disorders, making it an essential ingredient in numerous Ayurvedic formulations aimed at enhancing digestive health.

49) Solanum indicum:
Solanum indicum, known as Bruhati in Ayurveda, is valued for its therapeutic effects on respiratory health. Commonly used in formulations aimed at alleviating cough and improving lung function, it contributes to the holistic approach of treating respiratory conditions.

50) Piper longum:
Piper longum, or Pippali, is an important herb in traditional Ayurvedic medicine known for its warming properties and effectiveness in respiratory and digestive conditions. It enhances bioavailability of other herbs, making it a staple in many herbal formulations.

51) Desmodium gangeticum:
Desmodium gangeticum, commonly known as Shaliparni in Ayurveda, is recognized for its strengthening and therapeutic benefits. It is often employed in treatments targeting respiratory issues, as well as providing supportive care for conditions involving weakness or nutrient deficiency.

52) Vitis vinifera:
Vitis vinifera, or Draksha, refers to the grape plant. In Ayurveda, it is valued for its nourishing properties, often used to replenish vitality and treat conditions associated with exhaustion or depletion, playing a significant role in various formulations.

53) Vidarikanda (Vidari-kanda):
Vidarikanda, or Pueraria tuberosa, is an important Ayurvedic herb known for its revitalizing properties. It serves as a powerful tonic for strength and recovery, particularly useful in formulations aimed at enhancing vitality and supporting overall health.

54) Kaphapitta (Kapha-pitta):
Kapha-pitta relates to the combination of two doshas in Ayurveda. Recognizing when both kapha (considered heavy and moist) and pitta (associated with heat) are imbalanced is vital in understanding various health concerns and tailoring appropriate herbal treatments.

55) Mudgaparni (Mudga-parni):
Mudgaparni, or Phaseolus vulgaris, is an Ayurvedic herb often used for its therapeutic effects on digestion and metabolism. Its incorporation in formulations helps in addressing issues related to indigestion and enhancing gut health, aligning with Ayurvedic principles of balanced nutrition.

56) Agnimandya (Agni-mandya, Agnimamdya):
Agnimandya denotes weakened digestive fire in Ayurveda, leading to poor metabolism and various health issues. Utilizing herbs that enhance agni is key to treatment plans aimed at restoring digestive balance and improving overall health.

57) Raktapitta (Rakta-pitta):
Raktapitta refers to a condition characterized by bleeding disorders in Ayurveda, often connected to pitta imbalance. Proper diagnosis and utilizing specific herbal remedies are essential for managing this condition and restoring balance within the body.

58) Shaliparni (Saliparni, Shali-parni):
Shaliparni, or Desmodium gangeticum, is valued for its tonic properties in Ayurveda. It supports respiratory health, enabling practitioners to craft effective remedies for conditions associated with weakness or necessitating strength restoration.

59) Vatadosha (Vatadosa, Vata-dosha):
Vata-dosha signifies a fundamental concept in Ayurveda, referring to one of the three primary energies (doshas). Understanding vata-dosha's roles, characteristics, and balance is essential for diagnosing and treating various health conditions in holistic practices.

60) Discussion:
Discussion in this context refers to the critical analysis and interpretation of findings related to Ayurvedic treatments and outcomes. This essential process fosters knowledge sharing and enhances understanding of herbal efficacy, leading to improved patient care and therapeutic approaches.

61) Viryahani:
Viryahani indicates the depletion or reduction of virya, or vitality and strength, due to illness or lifestyle factors. Recognizing and addressing viryahani is crucial in Ayurvedic healthcare to promote recovery and restore the patient's overall well-being.

62) Varnahani:
Varnahani denotes the loss of complexion or color associated with various health conditions in Ayurveda. Investigating and addressing varnuhani through specific herbal treatments is essential for restoring overall health and balance in patients.

63) Triphala (Tri-phala):
Triphala is a well-known polyherbal formulation in Ayurveda made from three fruits—Amalaki, Bibhitaki, and Haritaki. It is primarily used for digestive health, detoxification, and overall rejuvenation, emphasizing the holistic nature of Ayurvedic practices.

64) Amalaki:
Amalaki, or Phyllanthus emblica, is a key herb in Ayurveda recognized for its high vitamin C content and potent antioxidant properties. It is extensively used for enhancing immunity, supporting digestion, and promoting overall health, making it a staple in many Ayurvedic remedies.

65) Parshva (Parsva):
Parshva refers to the side or flanks of the body in Ayurveda. Understanding parshva in relation to certain symptoms or conditions helps practitioners in diagnosing and formulating treatments based on specific bodily areas affected by ailments.

66) Madhuka:
Madhuka, or Madhuka indica, is a medicinal plant used in Ayurveda known for its soothing properties. It is often utilized for its role in treating cough and respiratory conditions, highlighting the importance of natural remedies in managing symptoms.

67) Haridra:
Haridra, or Curcuma longa (turmeric), is celebrated in Ayurveda for its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. It plays a crucial role in various formulations aimed at promoting health, detoxification, and overall wellness, emanating from its broad therapeutic benefits.

68) Kashaya (Kasaya):
Kashaya translates to 'astringent' and signifies a taste that can be beneficial in certain health conditions. Understanding kashaya properties allows practitioners to select appropriate remedies that can help combat excess moisture and support digestive health.

69) Falling:
Falling typically refers to physical accidents, associated with injuries or conditions examined in Ayurveda. Understanding the consequences of falling and their effects on bodily functions is key to developing effective treatment strategies focused on managing pain and restoring health.

70) Hridya (Hrdya):
Hridya indicates the heart or cardia in Ayurveda, emphasizing the importance of heart health and function. Recognizing hridya's role in overall well-being guides practitioners in selecting herbs and treatments that promote cardiovascular health.

71) Kshaya (Ksaya):
Kshaya refers to loss or depletion, often relating to bodily strength or vitality. In Ayurveda, addressing kshaya through effective treatments and herbal remedies is vital for restoring health and enhancing overall energy levels in patients.

72) Kshata (Ksata):
Kshata denotes injury or damage to a bodily structure, pertinent in Ayurvedic assessments of health. Understanding kshata aids practitioners in diagnosing and selecting appropriate remedies to promote healing and recovery from injuries or ailments.

73) Vidari (Vidarin):
Vidari, or Pueraria tuberosa, is an important herb in Ayurveda known for its revitalizing properties. It is commonly used in formulations to enhance strength and vitality while supporting overall health and recovery.

74) Aruci:
Aruchi refers to loss of appetite, a condition addressed in Ayurveda through dietary adjustments and herbal therapies aimed at stimulating hunger and restoring the body's natural desire for food.

75) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosha refers to the three primary biological energies in Ayurveda—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha—that govern physiological and psychological processes. Understanding doshas is essential for diagnosing imbalances and tailoring effective treatment plans to restore health.

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 89]