A phytopharmacological review of plant- cassia auriculata
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: A phytopharmacological review of plant- cassia auriculata
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Thorat K. B. and Nimbalkar V. V.
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: A phytopharmacological review of plant- cassia auriculata
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20214-20071
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Summary of article contents:
1) Introduction
Cassia auriculata, commonly known as Tanner's Cassia, is a plant with a long history of therapeutic use for various chronic ailments. This review aims to compile and analyze existing literature on the pharmacological activities, phytochemical compositions, and safety profiles of C. auriculata extracts. The findings indicate that this plant possesses significant medicinal properties, including its effectiveness against numerous health conditions, which makes it a focal point for further research in phytotherapy.
2) Antidiabetic Properties of Cassia Auriculata
One of the prominent therapeutic applications of Cassia auriculata is its antidiabetic activity. Several studies have demonstrated the hypoglycemic effects of the plant's extracts, particularly in alloxan-induced diabetic animal models. For instance, both ethanol and methanolic extracts of C. auriculata leaves and flowers have shown remarkable capacity to reduce blood glucose levels, potentially by stimulating insulin secretion or regenerating pancreatic beta cells. These promising results highlight the plant's potential as a natural treatment option for managing diabetes.
3) Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities
In addition to its antidiabetic properties, Cassia auriculata has demonstrated substantial antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Various studies have employed different methods to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the plant, revealing that extracts of its flowers and leaves effectively scavenge free radicals, including DPPH and ABTS radicals. Furthermore, its anti-inflammatory properties were highlighted through experiments that showed significant reductions in edema in carrageenan-induced inflammation models, attributed to the presence of phytochemicals such as flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds.
4) Antimicrobial Activity of Cassia Auriculata
Cassia auriculata exhibits promising antimicrobial properties, particularly against gram-positive bacteria. The plant's extracts showed effectiveness against various bacterial strains, including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, while demonstrating a lesser effect on gram-negative bacteria. This antimicrobial potential is primarily linked to the presence of bioactive phytoconstituents like flavonoids and phenolic compounds, further supporting the plant's traditional use in treating infections and promoting overall health.
5) Conclusion
In conclusion, Cassia auriculata is a multifaceted medicinal plant known for its rich phytochemical profile and significant health benefits. Its established antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities underscore its therapeutic value in traditional medicine as well as its potential for modern pharmaceutical applications. Continued research into C. auriculata could lead to the development of novel treatments, emphasizing the need to explore and utilize such plants for their full medicinal potential.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What are the therapeutic uses of Cassia auriculata?
Cassia auriculata is used for treating diabetes, infections, gout, and rheumatic pain. Its parts exhibit various therapeutic activities like anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and anti-diabetic properties.
What phytochemical constituents are found in Cassia auriculata?
The plant contains tannins, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, and volatile oils, contributing to its various medicinal properties and efficacy against several health issues.
How does Cassia auriculata show antioxidant activity?
Cassia auriculata has demonstrated significant antioxidant activity through various assays, effectively scavenging free radicals and contributing to its potential health benefits.
What is the pharmacological classification of Cassia auriculata?
Cassia auriculata belongs to the Caesalpiniaceae family and is classified under the kingdom Plantae, order Fabales, and genus Cassia.
How is Cassia auriculata used in traditional medicine?
In traditional systems like Ayurveda, Cassia auriculata is used for female antifertility, liver disorders, skin diseases, and as a remedy for diarrhea and worm infections.
What are some formulations containing Cassia auriculata?
Formulations include Talapotaka Churna, Diasulin, and Avarai Panmchaga Choornam, which are primarily aimed at managing diabetes and related health issues.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “A phytopharmacological review of plant- cassia auriculata”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Activity:
Activity refers to the various biological effects or therapeutic actions exhibited by a substance, particularly in pharmacology and phytochemistry. In the context of Cassia auriculata, its activity includes anti-diabetic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, showcasing its potential in treating various health conditions.
2) Animal:
Animals, in this context, are used as biological models to study the effects of Cassia auriculata on health. Research involving different animal species helps scientists assess the extract's medicinal properties, dose-response relationships, and possible side effects, paving the way for clinical applications.
3) Phytochemical:
Phytochemical denotes the bioactive compounds found in plants responsible for various health benefits. In the review, the phytochemicals present in Cassia auriculata include flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins, contributing to its therapeutic efficacy and supporting its traditional medicinal claims.
4) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Anti-bacterial refers to the ability of a substance to fight against bacterial infections. Cassia auriculata’s considerable anti-bacterial activity emphasizes its potential as a natural alternative to synthetic antibiotics, aligning with a growing inclination towards natural remedies.
5) Flavonoid:
Flavonoid is a category of phytochemicals characterized by their phenolic structure. They have various biological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The presence of flavonoids in Cassia auriculata contributes to its therapeutic properties, making it a valuable component in herbal medicine.
6) Siddha:
Siddha is an ancient system of medicine that originated in South India, focusing on wellness through herbal treatment and holistic practices. Cassia auriculata is extensively utilized in Siddha for managing conditions like diabetes, showcasing the system's reliance on indigenous flora.
7) Blood:
Blood refers to the bodily fluid in humans and animals that delivers essential nutrients and oxygen to cells while transporting waste. The interaction of Cassia auriculata with blood physiology, including its effects on blood glucose levels, highlights the plant's relevance in diabetes management.
8) Medicine:
Medicines comprise substances used to diagnose, cure, or prevent diseases. Cassia auriculata’s various formulations and traditional applications exemplify its role as a herbal medicine within the broader context of pharmaceutical practices and health systems.
9) India:
India is a country with a rich tradition of herbal medicine, including systems like Ayurveda and Siddha. Cassia auriculata is indigenous to India, where its use in various ailments illustrates the interconnectedness of culture, tradition, and natural remedies.
10) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is a traditional Indian system of medicine that utilizes natural herbal remedies and holistic approaches to health. The utilization of Cassia auriculata in Ayurvedic formulations emphasizes the integration of this plant into traditional healing practices.
11) Disease:
Disease refers to a specific pathological condition of a bodily part, an organism, or system resulting from various factors. Cassia auriculata provides therapeutic benefits for different diseases, underscoring its importance in medicinal practices and traditional healthcare.
12) Family:
Family in this botanical context refers to a higher taxonomic rank. Cassia auriculata belongs to the Caesalpiniaceae family, indicating its relationships with other similar plants and its shared characteristics, which can offer insight into its medicinal properties.
13) Sharman (Sarma, Sharma, Sarman):
Sharma is a common surname in India, often associated with researchers and practitioners in the field of medicine and natural products. Individuals with this surname may contribute to studies involving Cassia auriculata, enhancing the knowledge base about this plant.
14) Kumar:
Kumar is another prevalent surname in India, frequently associated with scholarly works in medicine and healthcare. Literature attributing findings to Kumar signifies the collaborative nature of research on Cassia auriculata and its broader implications for health.
15) Shri (Sri, Sr):
Shri is a title representing respect and reverence in Indian culture, often used before names. Its presence in literature denotes acknowledgment of the contributions made by individuals, particularly those engaged in Ayurvedic and herbal research, including studies on Cassia auriculata.
16) Tree:
Tree in this context refers to the mature form of Cassia auriculata, a leguminous shrub known for its medicinal properties. Its growth in dry regions of India highlights its adaptability and significance within the ecosystem and its practical applications in traditional medicine.
17) Pari:
Pari may refer to either a name or title in the context of medicinal exploration. In the mentioned research, it denotes collaborations or authors related to Cassia auriculata, emphasizing the community aspect of botanical and pharmacological research.
18) Worm:
Worm signifies various parasitic organisms that can affect human and animal health. The use of Cassia auriculata in treating worm infections underlines its role in traditional medicinal practices for addressing parasitic and gastrointestinal issues.
19) Shri-lanka (Srilanka, Sri-lanka, Shrilanka):
Sri Lanka, like India, has a tradition of using herbal medicines. The presence of Cassia auriculata in both countries indicates a shared botanical heritage, with cross-cultural references and applications in Ayurvedic and Siddha practices.
20) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological relates to the branch of medicine focused on the study of drugs and their interactions with biological systems. The pharmacological properties of Cassia auriculata include its effects on diabetes and infections, emphasizing its relevance in modern pharmacotherapy.
21) Polyploidy:
Polyploidy refers to the condition where cells have more than two complete sets of chromosomes, which can have implications for genetic diversity and evolution. The study of polyploidy in plants like Cassia auriculata might shed light on its adaptability and medicinal potency.
22) Varanasi (Varanashi):
Varanasi is a city in India known for its spiritual heritage and traditional healing practices. Its mention in the context of Cassia auriculata indicates the integration of ancient knowledge with contemporary medicine, promoting herbal remedies based on historical usage.
23) Avartaki:
Avartaki is a regional name for Cassia auriculata, illustrating the cultural significance and traditional uses of the plant in various Ayurvedic treatments. The local names reflect the plant's integration into indigenous healing practices.
24) Toxicity:
Toxicity denotes the degree to which a substance can harm organisms. Evaluating the toxicity of Cassia auriculata extracts is crucial for ensuring safety in medicinal applications, highlighting the importance of rigorous research in herbal pharmacology.
25) Science (Scientific):
Science refers to the systematic study of the physical and natural world through observation and experimentation. Research on Cassia auriculata combines aspects of botany and pharmacology to uncover its medicinal properties and potential therapeutic uses.
26) Species:
Species denotes a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Cassia auriculata represents a unique species within the Caesalpiniaceae family, highlighting its distinct characteristics and medicinal significance.
27) Vaidya:
Vaidya is a term used in India to refer to practitioners of traditional medicine, particularly Ayurveda. The reference to Vaidya underscores the role of traditional knowledge in the use and application of plants like Cassia auriculata in healthcare.
28) Aureus:
Aureus refers to *Staphylococcus aureus*, a bacteria often targeted by antibacterial agents. The activity of Cassia auriculata against this bacterium highlights its potential as a natural antibacterial treatment, reinforcing the significance of herbal medicine.
29) Nature:
Nature encompasses the physical world and its phenomena including plants and ecosystems. Cassia auriculata’s natural origins contribute to the growing interest in sustainable and eco-friendly medicinal practices, emphasizing the role of biodiversity in health.
30) Indian:
Indian refers to anything associated with India, a region rich in herbal medicinal practices. The documentation and application of Cassia auriculata in various traditional medicines highlight the country's extensive knowledge of phytotherapy.
31) Lanka (Lamka, Lànkà):
Lanka, often used interchangeably with Sri Lanka, refers to the island country's botanical richness. The presence of Cassia auriculata in Lanka's herbal practices indicates the shared medicinal heritage between India and Sri Lanka, enriching both their traditional healing systems.
32) Study (Studying):
Study pertains to systematic investigation aimed at acquiring knowledge. Research on Cassia auriculata exemplifies the scientific inquiry into herbal medicine, aiming to substantiate traditional claims through modern scientific methods.
33) Guna:
Guna refers to inherent qualities or attributes often mentioned in Ayurvedic texts. The analysis of Cassia auriculata’s gunas aids in comprehending its therapeutic properties and potential applications in holistic health practices.
34) Drug:
Drugs are substances used to diagnose, cure, or prevent disease. The extracts from Cassia auriculata serve as herbal drugs, playing an important role in alternative and complementary medicine to manage various health conditions.
35) Tinospora cordifolia:
Tinospora cordifolia is another medicinal plant known for its health benefits. Its mention alongside Cassia auriculata indicates the potential for synergistic effects when they are used together in herbal formulations, enhancing therapeutic efficacy.
36) Dioscorea bulbifera:
Dioscorea bulbifera is a medicinal plant often studied for its therapeutic properties. The inclusion of this plant in discussions alongside Cassia auriculata highlights the interconnected nature of various herbal medicines in traditional practices.
37) Curcuma longa:
Curcuma longa, known as turmeric, is famed for its anti-inflammatory properties. Its reference alongside Cassia auriculata underlines the combinatorial potential of various herbal substances in enhancing health outcomes.
38) Human body:
The human body represents the biological system to which drugs and herbal remedies are administered. Understanding the impacts of Cassia auriculata on the human body is crucial for effective therapeutic application and safety assessments.
39) New Delhi:
New Delhi is the capital city of India and a hub for medical research and traditional practices. Its mention in the context of Cassia auriculata underscores the importance of regional studies and government initiatives in promoting herbal medicine.
40) Momordica charantia:
Momordica charantia, commonly known as bitter melon, is another significant medicinal plant. Highlighting its relationship with Cassia auriculata suggests possible synergies in treatment applications, particularly in managing diabetes and other metabolic disorders.
41) Syzygium cumini:
Syzygium cumini, also known as jambolan, is known for its therapeutic effects. The reference to this plant alongside Cassia auriculata underscores the importance of collaborating multiple herbal treatments for holistic health benefits.
42) Pharmacology:
Pharmacology is the branch of medicine concerned with the study of drug action. The examination of Cassia auriculata within pharmacology explores its efficacy and safety, providing important insights for developing natural therapeutic agents.
43) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a biological response to harmful stimuli, highlighting the body's defense mechanism. The anti-inflammatory properties of Cassia auriculata suggest its use as a natural treatment for inflammatory diseases, reinforcing the plant's therapeutic potential.
44) Maharashtra (Maharastra, Maha-rashtra):
Maharashtra is a state in India known for its diverse flora and traditional medicine practices. The presence of Cassia auriculata in Maharashtra indicates regional uses and research opportunities in integrating traditional plants into modern medicinal approaches.
45) Dravyaguna (Dravya-guna):
Dravya-guna refers to the study of the properties of substances in Ayurvedic medicine, crucial for understanding the therapeutic effects of compounds like Cassia auriculata and ensuring proper applications in treatments.
46) Kushthaghna (Kusthaghna):
Kusthaghna indicates a property related to the treatment of skin conditions in Ayurveda. Cassia auriculata’s effectiveness in managing skin diseases reflects its multifaceted use in traditional healing systems.
47) Ramalingam:
Ramalingam is a surname often associated with researchers in herbal medicine. Their contributions to the study of Cassia auriculata are essential for advancing understanding of its therapeutic effects and enhancing holistic health practices.
48) Krimighna (Krmighna, Krimi-ghna):
Krimighna refers to the capability of a substance to act against worms or parasites. The use of Cassia auriculata in treating worm infections showcases its traditional relevance in managing parasitic diseases.
49) Prakarana:
Prakarana refers to the classification or categorization of knowledge, often used in the context of traditional texts. This term's connection to Cassia auriculata emphasizes the complexity of traditional knowledge in classifying medicinal plants.
50) Samjivani (Sanjivani):
Sanjivani is often referenced in traditional Indian practices as a life-restoring herb. Its mention relates to Cassia auriculata’s significance in the Ayurvedic tradition of using plants to promote health and longevity.
51) Inference:
Inference indicates conclusions drawn from research findings. The inference about Cassia auriculata’s medicinal properties underlines the importance of empirical studies in substantiating traditional claims and guiding future research directions.
52) Substance:
Substance refers to any material with definite chemical composition. In reference to Cassia auriculata, understanding its chemical constituents aids in comprehending its therapeutic actions and potential applications in pharmacology.
53) Nighantu (Nighamtu):
Nighantu are classical Sanskrit texts that provide knowledge on medicinal plants in Ayurveda. The mention of Nighantu in relation to Cassia auriculata points to its historical roots in traditional medicine and its documentation.
54) Samgraha (Sangraha):
Sangraha indicates a compilation or collection, commonly referring to collections of knowledge in traditional texts. In the context of Cassia auriculata, it underscores the importance of documenting herbal medicinal practices for future reference.
55) Sanskrit:
Sanskrit is an ancient Indian language often used in classical literature. Its usage in texts about Cassia auriculata signifies the cultural and historical significance of traditional medicine along with its roots.
56) Prameha:
Prameha refers to a class of diseases, particularly related to metabolic disorders like diabetes in Ayurveda. The association in literature suggests that Cassia auriculata is utilized to manage such conditions, demonstrating its therapeutic relevance.
57) Gayatri:
Gayatri is a common name in India, often associated with scholars or practitioners in herbal medicine. References to individuals named Gayatri in relation to Cassia auriculata highlight key contributors to this field of study.
58) Marathi:
Marathi is an Indian language spoken predominantly in the state of Maharashtra, known for its rich cultural heritage. The usage of regional names for Cassia auriculata in Marathi reflects the plant's traditional importance in local healing practices.
59) Tangedu:
Tangedu is a regional name for Cassia auriculata, indicative of its cultural significance and usage in traditional practices. Such local nomenclature emphasizes the plant's versatility and the importance of understanding regional herbal traditions.
60) Leprosy:
Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by *Mycobacterium leprae*. The reference to Cassia auriculata in treating leprosy highlights its historical and ongoing relevance in managing this disease through herbal remedies.
61) Anantan:
Anandan is a surname often associated with researchers exploring herbal medicine's properties. Contributions from individuals named Anandan emphasize the collaborative efforts in studying plants like Cassia auriculata and their therapeutic potential.
62) Forest:
Forest as a singular term emphasizes the importance of biodiversity and the natural habitat for plants like Cassia auriculata. Understanding forest ecosystems underscores the ecological sustainability of sourcing herbal remedies.
63) Dravya:
Dravya refers to a substance or material that is used in Ayurvedic practice. The classification of Cassia auriculata as a dravya underscores its significance as a herbal resource for various therapeutic applications.
64) Arjuna:
Arjuna refers to *Terminalia arjuna*, a tree known for its cardiovascular benefits. Its mention alongside Cassia auriculata suggests the collaborative potential of various herbal substances in comprehensive health treatments.
65) Pittam (Pittham):
Pittam is a term in Ayurveda associated with metabolic processes and body temperatures. The relationship of Cassia auriculata with pittam suggests its use in balancing bodily functions, thus aiding in various health conditions.
66) Ruksha (Ruksa):
Ruksha signifies dryness or astringency in the context of Ayurvedic pharmacology. Cassia auriculata’s ruksha properties may contribute to its application in treating disorders related to excess moisture in the body.
67) Vijaya:
Vijaya often denotes victory or success, commonly used as a name in India. Its connection to individuals in herbal research illustrates the broader pursuit of knowledge and success in developing effective herbal treatments.
68) Vipaka:
Vipaka refers to the post-digestive effect of herbs in Ayurveda, essential for understanding the long-term effects of Cassia auriculata. Recognizing its vipaka aids in determining the plant's suitability for various health contexts.
69) Vyadhin (Vyadhi):
Vyadhi indicates a disease or disorder in Ayurvedic terminology. The application of Cassia auriculata in treating various vyadhis showcases its value in traditional healing practices, emphasizing its effectiveness against diverse health issues.
70) Cancer:
Cancer refers to uncontrollable cell growth leading to tumor formation. The research on Cassia auriculata’s anticancer properties signifies its potential in alternative cancer therapies, reinforcing the exploration of herbal medicine in oncological applications.
71) Bitter:
Bitter describes a taste profile important in herbal medicine. Cassia auriculata’s bitter properties indicate its effectiveness in digestion and detoxification, aligning with traditional medicinal philosophies emphasizing the balance of tastes in health.
72) Edema (Oedema):
Edema refers to the accumulation of fluid in tissues, causing swelling. Understanding the effects of Cassia auriculata may provide insights into its potential as a natural remedy for reducing edema and improving health.
73) Kapha:
Kapha is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, associated with stability and structure. The implications of Cassia auriculata in balancing kapha highlight its importance within holistic health systems, especially for certain ailments.
74) Kalpa:
Kalpa is a term used to denote a method or formulation in Ayurveda. Its relevance to Cassia auriculata indicates the importance of specific preparations in maximizing the therapeutic efficacy of herbal medicines.
75) Laghu:
Laghu signifies lightness in Ayurveda, often used to describe easily digestible substances. The classification of Cassia auriculata as laghu emphasizes its potential benefits in digestive health and overall well-being.
[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 99]
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘A phytopharmacological review of plant- cassia auriculata’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Medicinal herb, Herbal medicine, Anti-inflammatory activity, Antioxidant activity, Pharmacological activity, World Health Organization, Herbal formulation, Phytochemical analysis, Antimicrobial properties, Antimicrobial activity, Hepatoprotective activity, Traditional System of Medicine, Anti-cancer activity, Phytochemical Investigation, Clinical therapeutics, Nephroprotective Activity, Therapeutic activities, Diabetic rats, Flavonoids and phenolic compounds, Chemical constituent, Cassia auriculata, Antidiabetic formulation.