A bird eye view on vatastheela with special reference to bph
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: A bird eye view on vatastheela with special reference to bph
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Dr. Rahul Gupta and Dr. Shilpa Gupta
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: A bird eye view on vatastheela with special reference to bph
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20216-23753
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition affecting elderly males, especially those aged 50 and above, with prevalence rates in India ranging from 10-30% for men aged 50-60 years, rising to 25-45% in men aged 70-80 years. This non-malignant enlargement of the prostate gland causes a range of urinary symptoms, classified into obstructive symptoms, such as hesitancy and weak urinary stream, and irritative symptoms, including urgency and nocturia. The condition is understood through the lens of Ayurveda as "Vatastheela," which depicts the disease's connections to the urinary system, specifically the Mutravaha srotas.
The Concept of Vatastheela
Vatastheela, according to Ayurvedic texts, is one of the thirteen types of Mutarghata. It manifests as a glandular firm swelling, similar to an astheela, which enlarges and obstructs the prostatic urethra. This condition closely mirrors the signs and symptoms of BPH as recognized in contemporary medicine, where both conditions feature progressive prostate enlargement leading to debilitating urinary symptoms. The Ayurvedic perspective posits that the obstruction is caused by vitiated Vata residing between the bladder and rectum, leading to urinary retention and associated discomfort.
Managing BPH: Ayurvedic vs. Modern Approaches
Modern medicine addresses BPH primarily through symptomatic relief, often resorting to surgical interventions like Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP) for cases of significant obstruction. These treatments can entail complications such as postoperative impotence and abnormal ejaculation. In contrast, Ayurvedic treatment approaches BPH with natural remedies that may provide effective management with fewer side effects. Ayurvedic therapies encompass diuretics, various herbal formulations, and lifestyle modifications, aiming to alleviate the underlying dosha imbalance responsible for symptoms.
Patient Assessment and Diagnosis
A comprehensive assessment of BPH involves a thorough history and physical examination, aided by symptom scoring tools such as the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). Clinical evaluation may reveal signs of chronic renal impairment and bladder distension. Diagnostic investigations include blood tests, urinalysis, and imaging studies to exclude other potential causes of urinary obstruction, such as prostate cancer or bladder tumors. Understanding the nuances in symptoms helps differentiate BPH from similar conditions, guiding appropriate management strategies.
Conclusion
BPH is a significant health concern in the aging male population, with both modern and Ayurvedic systems contributing to its management. While modern medicine provides surgical solutions with potential complications, Ayurveda offers a holistic approach focusing on corrective therapies targeting dosha imbalances. This review underscores the need for further research into the efficacy and safety of Ayurvedic treatments in managing BPH, potentially leading to better outcomes for patients suffering from this prevalent condition. Through continued exploration, a path may emerge that harnesses the strengths of both medical traditions, aiming for enhanced patient care.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)?
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-malignant enlargement of the prostate gland, commonly diagnosed in men aged 50 and older. It leads to urinary symptoms, such as increased frequency and difficulty in urination.
What are the symptoms of BPH?
Symptoms of BPH include obstructive issues like weak urinary stream and hesitancy, alongside irritative symptoms such as urgency, frequency, and nocturia. Additional symptoms can involve pain and incomplete bladder emptying.
How does Ayurveda view Vatastheela in relation to BPH?
In Ayurveda, Vatastheela is considered a condition similar to BPH, causing similar signs and symptoms. It is classified under Mutravaha srotas and involves vitiation of Vata leading to prostate enlargement.
What are the causes contributing to the development of BPH?
Causes of BPH may include excessive physical exertion, consuming irritant foods, overindulgence in sexual activity, and conditions like indigestion, affecting Vata and leading to urinary complications.
What treatment options are available for BPH?
Treatment for BPH includes conservative management with medications, lifestyle changes, and Ayurvedic approaches using natural remedies. Surgical interventions may be necessary for severe cases, involving procedures like TURP.
What are potential complications of BPH treatment?
Complications from BPH treatments can include impotence, abnormal ejaculation, urinary tract infections, and bladder perforation. Surgical options, while effective, carry risks, making careful management essential.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “A bird eye view on vatastheela with special reference to bph”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Ghrita (Ghrta):
Ghrita refers to medicated ghee used in Ayurveda, often prepared with herbs to enhance its therapeutic properties. It serves various purposes, including nourishing the body, promoting digestion, and providing a base for medicinal formulations. In the context of BPH, it may act as a supportive treatment to alleviate symptoms.
2) Gupta:
Gupta, in the provided context, is likely a reference to Dr. Rahul Gupta and Dr. Shilpa Gupta, authors of the research article. This highlights their contribution to the field of Ayurvedic medicine and their exploration of conditions like Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), showcasing their expertise and insight.
3) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing illnesses. In the context of the article, it contrasts modern medical approaches with Ayurvedic treatment for BPH, illustrating the diverse methodologies available to manage health conditions and their respective implications for patient care.
4) Swelling:
Swelling refers to an enlargement or distension of a body part caused by various factors, including inflammation. In the context of BPH and Vatastheela, the term emphasizes the glandular firm swelling associated with these conditions, providing a description of the physical manifestation experienced by patients.
5) Vata:
Vata is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, representing elements of air and space. It is believed to govern bodily functions related to movement and communication. In the context of BPH, vitiation of Vata is linked to the development of conditions like Vatastheela, affecting urinary health.
6) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient system of medicine originating in India, focusing on holistic healing practices that balance the body, mind, and spirit. The article discusses Ayurvedic treatments for BPH, showing its relevance as an alternative or complementary approach to modern medical practices.
7) Disease:
A disease refers to a pathological condition of a bodily part that disrupts normal bodily functions. In this article, the primary focus is on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia as a common disease among elderly males, highlighting its impact on urinary health and overall quality of life.
8) Mutra:
Mutra refers to urine in the context of Ayurveda. It plays a significant role in diagnosing urinary disorders. In this article, it relates to Mutravaha Srotas, the channels responsible for transporting urine, and is essential for understanding the pathology of conditions like BPH.
9) Basti:
Basti is a therapeutic enema treatment in Ayurveda aimed at rectifying imbalances in the body, particularly vitiated doshas like Vata. In the context of BPH, Basti may be employed as a form of treatment to support urinary function and alleviate symptoms effectively.
10) Sign:
Sign refers to physical manifestations indicating the presence of a medical condition. The article discusses various signs associated with BPH, such as urinary hesitancy and nocturia, aiding healthcare providers in diagnosis and treatment planning based on symptomatic presentations.
11) Punarnavadi:
Punarnavadi is a term related to a specific herbal formulation or treatment protocol in Ayurveda, potentially incorporating herbs that aid in urinary health. It may be utilized in managing conditions like BPH, emphasizing Ayurvedic approaches to symptom relief and restorative care.
12) Apanavata (Apana-vata):
Apana-vata is a subtype of Vata responsible for downward movement and elimination processes in the body, particularly in the urinary and reproductive systems. Its vitiation is linked to conditions like Vatastheela and BPH, influencing urinary function and symptomatology.
13) Mutraghata (Mutra-aghata):
Mutraghata refers to urinary obstruction or disorders in Ayurveda. This term is relevant to the discussion of BPH, as it highlights the blockage and difficulties in urination experienced by patients affected by the condition, aligning with Ayurvedic understandings of urinary health.
14) Kshara (Ksara):
Kshara represents alkaline substances or specific herbal preparations in Ayurveda that have therapeutic implications. It may be mentioned in treatments for conditions like BPH, offering potential benefits in balancing doshas and mitigating symptoms associated with urinary disorders.
15) Pathya:
Pathya refers to suitable or beneficial dietary and lifestyle practices in Ayurveda that promote health. Understanding Pathya is essential in the management of BPH, guiding patients toward appropriate nutrition and habits that support urinary function and overall wellness.
16) Srotas (Shrotas):
Srotas are the channels or pathways in Ayurveda responsible for transporting bodily substances like nutrients and waste. Knowledge of Mutravaha Srotas is crucial in the context of BPH, emphasizing the importance of these channels in urinary health and function.
17) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosha represents the three fundamental energies in Ayurveda- Vata, Pitta, and Kapha- that govern physiological processes and health. The article emphasizes the relevance of doshas in the development and management of BPH, underscoring the importance of achieving balance.
18) Sneha:
Sneha refers to oily substances or fats in Ayurveda, used in several therapeutic practices. It can have implications for treatment strategies in managing BPH, as nourishing and lubricating bodily tissues may benefit urinary health.
19) Taila (Thaila):
Taila refers to oils in Ayurveda, often utilized in various medicinal formulations for their therapeutic properties. In the context of BPH, certain Taila may be applied topically or consumed for their expected benefits in alleviating symptoms and supporting urinary function.
20) Apana:
Apana, in Ayurveda, denotes the downward-acting vital energy responsible for elimination processes. Its significance in urinary health is highlighted by its connection to conditions like BPH, as imbalances can lead to difficulties in urination and associated symptoms.
21) Blood:
Blood plays a vital role in overall health, and its examination can reveal conditions impacting the body. The article mentions blood tests to evaluate renal function and check for prostate cancer, showing the importance of blood assessment in diagnosing urinary disorders.
22) Pain:
Pain is an unpleasant sensory experience often accompanying many medical conditions. In the context of BPH, the article discusses various types of pain that may arise due to complications like bladder distension or urinary retention, impacting the patient's quality of life.
23) Post:
Post refers to after or following an event. The article mentions postoperative effects relating to surgeries for BPH, where complications can arise after surgical procedures, indicating the need for careful management and monitoring of patients.
24) Shalyatantra (Salyatantra, Shalya-tantra, Shalyatamtra):
Shalya-tantra is a branch of Ayurveda that focuses on surgical procedures and interventions. The relevance in the article lies in contrasting surgical approaches for BPH, drawing attention to Ayurvedic surgical practices as well as modern medical techniques.
25) Shatavaryadi (Satavaryadi):
Shatavaryadi refers to a specific Ayurvedic formulation that may be used for treating urinary or reproductive health issues. Its mention highlights the application of herbal combinations in managing symptoms associated with BPH, focusing on holistic approaches in Ayurveda.
26) Dashamuladi (Dasamuladi):
Dashamuladi is another Ayurvedic formulation primarily used for various conditions. Its relation to the article suggests it may be an option in treating BPH, providing insights into effective herbal therapies in the Ayurvedic system.
27) Samprapti:
Samprapti refers to the pathogenic processes and the development of diseases in Ayurveda. The article explains the Samprapti of BPH, detailing how underlying factors contribute to its progression, enhancing the understanding of the condition's etiology and treatment.
28) Aushadha (Ausadha):
Aushadha means medicinal herbs or drugs in Ayurveda. The term’s significance in this context underscores the written discourse on the therapeutic properties of specific Aushadha employed in treating BPH, contributing to natural health solutions.
29) Annapana (Anna-pana):
Annapana refers to the consumption of food and drinks. The article discusses its relevance to a dietary approach in Ayurveda, emphasizing the importance of proper nutrition for managing BPH symptoms and enhancing overall health for affected individuals.
30) Granthi (Gramthi):
Granthi refers to abnormal growths or nodules in the body that can obstruct normal functions. In the context of BPH, the article refers to the glandular firm swelling similar to Granthi, emphasizing its role in urinary obstruction and related symptoms.
31) Tilvaka:
Tilvaka is an herb used in Ayurvedic formulations, potentially highlighting its relevance in treating urinary disorders. The connection indicates its importance in the management of BPH, contributing to the broad spectrum of Ayurvedic treatment options available.
32) Kalpana:
Kalpana refers to formulations or preparations in Ayurveda that encompass various medicinal ingredients. The article underlines its significance in managing BPH symptoms, noting specific Kalpana that could provide benefit within a comprehensive treatment plan.
33) Apathya:
Apathya denotes unsuitable or harmful practices or substances in Ayurveda that may worsen conditions. Recognizing Apathya is essential in the management of BPH, guiding patients to avoid certain dietary or lifestyle choices that could exacerbate symptoms.
34) Tantra (Tantrism, Tamtra):
Tantra encompasses the holistic understanding and practices within Ayurveda, including surgery and treatment protocols. The significance in the article highlights the interconnected nature of Ayurvedic practices, especially in contrast to modern medical approaches for managing conditions like BPH.
35) Sthana:
Sthana refers to the specific sites or locations in the body where diseases manifest. Recognizing Sthana is crucial in the diagnosis and treatment of BPH, as it focuses on identifying the anatomical changes associated with the disease.
36) Shalya (Salya):
Shalya denotes the surgical aspect of Ayurveda, encompassing surgical procedures and interventions. It is relevant in the article as it addresses surgical treatment options for BPH, comparing them with conservative Ayurveda practices for comprehensive patient management.
37) Nidana:
Nidana refers to the causes of diseases in Ayurveda. In the article, Nidana is discussed in the context of BPH, aiding in understanding the risk factors and lifestyle choices that contribute to the condition's development.
38) Kalka:
Kalka refers to herbal pastes or formulations in Ayurveda, prepared by grinding herbs. The term relates to therapeutic applications that may be relevant in managing symptoms associated with BPH, highlighting the practical use of herbs for health issues.
39) Marga:
Marga denotes the pathway or channel through which bodily functions occur in Ayurveda, including urine flow. Understanding the Marga is crucial for diagnosing and treating conditions like BPH, emphasizing the importance of urinary tract health.
40) Madya:
Madya refers to alcoholic beverages in Ayurveda. Its mention is relevant as alcohol consumption can negatively impact urinary health, particularly in conditions like BPH, where moderation and avoidance may be recommended in treatment.
41) Takra:
Takra, or buttermilk, is often utilized in Ayurvedic diets and formulations for its digestive properties. Its relevance in managing conditions like BPH hints at its dietary benefits that might aid in alleviating symptoms and promoting overall urinary health.
42) India:
India is the birthplace of Ayurveda, a traditional system of medicine. As the context of the article discusses Ayurvedic practices for BPH, it underscores India's role in the development and dissemination of holistic health methodologies.
43) Roga:
Roga means disease or disorder in Ayurveda. Its use in the article reflects the focus on diagnosing and understanding BPH as a specific Rog, allowing practitioners to tailor treatments based on Ayurvedic principles and patient needs.
44) Vati:
Vati refers to pill formulations in Ayurveda that contain concentrated herbal ingredients. This term suggests potential options for administering Ayurvedic treatments for BPH, emphasizing the versatility of forms through which therapeutic ingredients can be delivered.
45) Wine:
Wines relate to alcohol and dietary discussions in Ayurveda. The impact of wine consumption on urinary health emphasizes the necessity for moderation or avoidance in dietary guidance for patients with BPH.
46) Candraprabha (Candra-prabha):
Chandraprabha is a well-known Ayurvedic formulation that may be used to treat various health conditions, including urinary disorders. Mentioning Chandraprabha emphasizes the significance of traditional herbs and remedies relevant to managing BPH and promoting urinary health.
47) Viruddhahara (Viruddha-ahara):
Viruddhahara refers to incompatible food combinations in Ayurveda that may aggravate health conditions. Its place in the article emphasizes the need for dietary awareness among BPH patients, illustrating how incorrect food choices can hinder recovery and worsen symptoms.
48) Niruhabasti (Niruha-basti):
Niruha-basti is a therapeutic enema treatment in Ayurveda aimed at detoxification and rectifying imbalances in the body. In context, it may be recommended for managing urinary disturbances linked to BPH, showcasing the diversity of Ayurvedic treatment modalities.
49) Inflammation:
Inflammation is the body's response to injury or irritants, often manifesting as redness, swelling, and pain. In the context of BPH, inflammation in the prostate can contribute to symptoms, making it essential to address in both modern and Ayurvedic treatments.
50) Haritakyadi:
Haritakyadi refers to a specific formulation in Ayurveda containing Haritaki, which has various health benefits. Its mention highlights the importance of herbal combinations that may assist in the treatment of BPH, showcasing Ayurvedic strategies for alleviating symptoms.
51) Kshirapaka (Ksirapaka, Kshira-paka):
Kshirapaka is a term that refers to a cooking process used in Ayurveda to prepare specific herbal formulations, often to enhance their therapeutic efficacy. It plays a role in preparing medicated treatments for conditions like BPH, focusing on traditional methods.
52) Jatharagni (Jathara-agni):
Jatharagni refers to the digestive fire in Ayurveda essential for metabolism and overall health. Its importance in the article suggests that maintaining a balanced Jatharagni is crucial for managing conditions like BPH through proper dietary practices.
53) Adhishthana (Adhisthana):
Adhisthana refers to the site or location where a disease manifests. The contextual understanding of Adhisthana in BPH helps practitioners target treatment interventions effectively by recognizing where symptoms express themselves within the body.
54) Shigrumula (Sigrumula):
Shigrumula is an Ayurvedic herb that may have diuretic properties, suggesting its usage for urinary issues. In the context of BPH management, its inclusion indicates a focus on holistic herbal approaches for alleviating urinary symptoms.
55) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulate refers to the build-up of substances or conditions within the body. In the context of BPH, accumulated factors like vitiated Vata can lead to obstruction and urinary difficulties, necessitating targeted treatment strategies.
56) Duralabha:
Duralabha is an Ayurvedic herb valued for its specific health benefits. Its mention suggests potential use in the management of BPH, reflecting the diverse nature of herbal remedies employed within Ayurvedic practices for urinary health.
57) Kantakari (Kamtakari):
Kantakari is a herb used in Ayurvedic formulations known for its properties related to urinary health. Its relevance in the article implies it may contribute therapeutic benefits in treating BPH, underlining the role of specific plants in Ayurveda.
58) Kakolyadi (Kakoli-adi):
Kakolyadi refers to an Ayurvedic formulation that may assist in treating various health issues. In the context of BPH, it emphasizes the application of complex herbal recipes tailored to support urinary functions and overall health.
59) Talaphala (Tala-phala):
Talaphala refers to the fruit of the Tal tree, used in Ayurvedic medicine for its health benefits. Its mention indicates its place in traditional remedies for conditions like BPH, showcasing the importance of local herbal resources.
60) Kushmanda (Kusmanda, Kushmamda):
Kushmanda is a gourd-like fruit utilized in Ayurveda, known for its health benefits. Its association with BPH treatment highlights its potential in dietary practices that support urinary health and manage symptoms effectively.
61) Suffering:
Suffering refers to the distress experienced by individuals due to health conditions. The implications of suffering in BPH patients illuminate the necessity for effective management strategies in Ayurveda and modern medicine to enhance quality of life.
62) Abhyanga (Abhyamga):
Abhyanga refers to Ayurvedic oil massage, promoting relaxation and healing by aiding circulation and removing toxins from the body. Its mention demonstrates integrative approaches to managing BPH symptoms by using gentle therapeutic techniques.
63) Triphala (Tri-phala):
Triphala is a traditional Ayurvedic formulation comprising three fruits that is often used for digestion and detoxification. Its inclusion suggests potential benefits for managing BPH symptoms by supporting bowel health and improving urinary function.
64) Gokshura (Goksura, Go-kshura):
Gokshura, known for its diuretic properties, is an important herb in Ayurvedic medicine for urinary disorders. Its mention in the article indicates its relevance and potential utility in addressing symptoms associated with BPH.
65) Mahabala (Maha-bala):
Mahabala refers to an Ayurvedic formulation or herb known for strengthening properties, often used to bolster health. Its role in managing BPH could imply support for overall vitality and resilience against the impacts of the condition.
66) Sandhana (Samdhana):
Sandhana signifies the process of combining or integrating medicinal substances. In the context of the article, it points to the methods employed in Ayurveda to prepare effective herbal formulations aimed at treating BPH.
67) Prasanga (Prasamga):
Prasanga indicates overindulgence or excessive activity that can lead to health complications. Its association with BPH highlights the role of lifestyle choices and the need for moderation in activities to prevent urinary disorders.
68) Udavarta:
Udavarta denotes the movement or action of Vata in an upward direction, often leading to disturbances. Understanding Udavarta is key in Ayurvedic approaches to BPH, as it relates to imbalances affecting urinary systems.
69) Panayoga (Pana-yoga):
Panayoga likely refers to practices or techniques involving the usage of specific herbs or formulations for wellness. In relation to BPH, it emphasizes the use of strategic herbal interventions aimed at mitigating symptoms.
70) Ushiradi (Usiradi):
Ushiradi, a term referring to herbal formulations containing Ushira (Vetiver), highlights the role of cooling products in Ayurveda. Its relevance in managing BPH suggests potential benefits in soothing symptoms associated with urinary dysfunction.
71) Abhayadi:
Abhayadi represents a group of herbs in Ayurveda that could be linked to reducing anxiety or disturbances in bodily functions. Its implications in BPH management indicate a holistic approach in addressing not just symptoms, but overall well-being.
72) Vyoshadi (Vyosadi):
Vyoshadi signifies formulations or preparations aimed at promoting detoxification and balancing doshas. Mentioning Vyoshadi in the context of BPH strengthens the understanding of how Ayurvedic treatments are tailored to support urinary health.
73) Amavisha (Amavisa):
Amavisha refers to toxic substances in the body that lead to disease. Its role in BPH suggests a focus on detoxification and metabolic balance, guiding treatment strategies toward eliminating pathogenic influences.
74) Activity:
Activity encompasses bodily functions and behaviors that impact health. Understanding specific activities influencing BPH, such as excessive strain or inappropriate diet, is vital in Ayurvedic treatment strategies tailored to relief and management.
75) Vitiation (Vitiated):
Vitiated refers to an imbalance or disturbance in one or more doshas, leading to disease. Recognizing vitiated conditions like Vata in relation to BPH is crucial for developing effective Ayurvedic interventions targeting correction and prevention.
[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 142]
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