Importance of dashvidha atur pariksha in clinical practice

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Importance of dashvidha atur pariksha in clinical practice
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Author:

Sangeeta Kumari, Deepti Parashar, Vinayak Joshi and Ved Prakash


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Full text available for: Importance of dashvidha atur pariksha in clinical practice

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr202112-21745

Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The importance of comprehensive patient examination in clinical practice is vital for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. In Ayurveda, a traditional Indian medical system, the term "Pareeksha" refers to examination, encompassing various methodologies designed to assess the health status of both the individual and their ailments. Within this system, the "Dashavidha Pareeksha," or tenfold examination, stands out as an essential clinical approach recognized by seminal texts such as those by Acharya Charaka. This systematic evaluation serves as a guide for understanding the physical and psychological constitution of patients, which is crucial for determining suitable treatments.

Dashavidha Pareeksha: A Comprehensive Framework

The "Dashavidha Pareeksha" is comprised of ten key factors: Prakruti (body constitution), Vikruti (pathology), Saar (essence), Sanhanana (body proportion), Praman (measurement), Satmya (compatibility), Satva (mental strength), Ahar Shakti (appetite), Vyayam Shakti (exercise capacity), and Vaya (age). This framework facilitates the assessment of both the strengths and weaknesses of the patient, allowing healthcare providers to categorize individuals into varying degrees of health or disease severity. For instance, "Vikriti Pareeksha" helps in delineating the pathological aspects, while the other nine factors allow for a holistic understanding of a patient's overall health.

Significance of Prakruti in Patient Evaluation

Prakruti refers to the intrinsic physical and mental constitution of an individual. Understanding one's Prakruti allows for the identification of predispositions to certain ailments and informs personalized treatment plans. For example, individuals with a predominant "Kapha" constitution may be more susceptible to conditions related to excess Kapha dosha. The assessment of Prakruti is essential as it not only aids in recognizing natural tendencies but also informs lifestyle and dietary recommendations that align with the patient's constitution to promote long-term health.

Role of Vikruti in Diagnosing Pathologies

Vikruti examines the pathological aspects of health, focusing on understanding the specific alterations that lead to disease manifestations. This component of the examination is fundamental in categorizing diseases as mild, moderate, or severe, based on the interaction of doshas, dhatus, and external factors. By evaluating Vikruti, physicians can ascertain the illness's severity and tailor their therapeutic approach accordingly, ensuring that the treatment aligns with the individual's pathological conditions.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Dashavidha Pareeksha framework offers a thoughtful, structured approach for evaluating patients in Ayurvedic practice. By encompassing a wide array of factors that contribute to individual health, this comprehensive examination not only informs treatment strategies but also enhances patient outcomes. The integration of concepts like Prakruti and Vikruti underscores the holistic nature of Ayurveda, affirming its relevance and applicability in modern healthcare settings. Thus, embracing the principles of Dashavidha Pareeksha can significantly improve the diagnostic acumen and treatment efficacy of practitioners.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is the significance of Dashavidha Atur Pariksha in clinical practice?

Dashavidha Atur Pariksha is crucial for assessing a patient's health and the disease's strength. It helps in understanding the overall condition of the patient, guiding appropriate treatment based on individual constitution and disease severity.

What are the components of Dashavidha Pariksha in Ayurveda?

The ten components of Dashavidha Pariksha include Prakruti (body constitution), Vikriti (pathology), Saar (essence), Sanhanan (body proportion), Praman (measurement), Satmya (compatibility), Satva (mental strength), Ahara Shakti (appetite), Vyayam Shakti (exercise capacity), and Vaya (age).

How is Vikriti pariksha used in diagnosing diseases?

Vikriti pariksha assesses pathological factors influencing disease development. It evaluates factors such as Hetu, Dosha, and Dushya to determine the disease's strength and its potential impact on the patient.

What role does the Prakruti play in patient assessment?

Prakruti reflects an individual's innate constitution, influencing their health and susceptibility to certain diseases. Understanding one's Prakruti aids in personalized treatment and prevention strategies against specific health issues.

Why is understanding Ahara Shakti important in clinical practice?

Ahara Shakti assesses an individual's digestive capacity and dietary habits. A robust digestive power is fundamental for health, influencing strength, longevity, and the ability to withstand diseases.

What happens if treatment is not based on accurate patient examination?

Failure to accurately examine a patient before treatment can lead to severe complications or ineffectiveness. For example, strong patients may need potent treatments, while weak individuals require milder therapies.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Importance of dashvidha atur pariksha in clinical practice”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Disease:
Diseases represent various pathological conditions that disrupt normal functioning, evidenced by symptoms and clinical findings. Ayurveda seeks to diagnose and understand diseases through a holistic lens, aiming to restore balance and promote healing using individualized therapeutic approaches.

2) Pariksha (Pariksa):
Pariksha means 'examination' in Sanskrit and is a fundamental concept in Ayurveda. It encompasses various assessment techniques employed by practitioners to evaluate the health status of patients. This examination helps identify imbalances in the body, leading to a proper diagnosis and targeted treatment strategies.

3) Satmya:
Satmya refers to the compatibility of food, medicine, and lifestyle practices with an individual's constitution. In Ayurveda, understanding one's satmya is essential for promoting health and longevity. It indicates how well an individual can digest and utilize various substances, influencing their overall well-being.

4) Shakti (Sakti):
Shakti translates to 'power' or 'strength'. In Ayurvedic context, it encompasses the energetic capacity of the body, including physical strength, mental resilience, and the ability to withstand disease. Assessing shakti is essential to tailor treatments according to individual needs, ensuring effective healing.

5) Satva (Shatva):
Satva denotes mental faculties and psychological strength in Ayurveda. It is a measure of an individual's emotional and cognitive resilience, affecting their ability to cope with stress and illness. Understanding a patient's satva informs the selection of therapeutic approaches suited to their mental health.

6) Pravara:
Pravara means 'superior' or 'best'. In Ayurvedic assessments, it categorizes individuals or conditions based on strength or quality. For example, individuals with 'pravara' status display high vitality, allowing practitioners to recommend appropriate interventions tailored to their robust constitution.

7) Vikriti (Vikrti):
Vikriti refers to the pathological state or imbalance within an individual. It signifies the changes that occur in the body due to illness, lifestyle choices, or environmental factors. Identifying vikriti is vital for devising effective treatment strategies aimed at restoring health.

8) Bala:
Bala signifies 'strength' or 'power' in Ayurveda, encompassing physical strength, immunity, and resilience against diseases. Assessing bala is crucial for determining appropriate treatments, as the strength of an individual significantly influences their response to therapies.

9) Drug:
Drugs, in an Ayurvedic context, refer to various substances employed for therapeutic purposes. The selection and administration of drugs depend on a comprehensive understanding of the patient's constitution, specific ailments, and the need for corrective measures to restore balance.

10) Avara:
Avara translates to 'inferior' or 'mild'. It is used in Ayurveda to classify the severity of diseases or the condition of a patient's strength. Understanding whether a condition is avara helps practitioners decide on appropriate treatments that are gentle and supportive.

11) Kumari:
Kumari refers to one of the authors of the discussed article, Sangeeta Kumari. As a researcher in the field of Ayurveda, her contributions emphasize the significance of traditional practices and examination systems in clinical settings, showcasing their relevance in modern health care.

12) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosha represents the three fundamental energies in Ayurveda—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha—that govern physiological processes. Analyzing a patient's dosha is essential for understanding their constitution and health status, guiding treatment plans to restore balance and well-being.

13) Sara (Shara):
Sara refers to the essence or quality of the dhatus (tissues) within the body, indicating the strength or health of these tissues. Assessing sara helps practitioners gauge overall health and resilience, informing treatment choices tailored to the individual's unique needs.

14) Dhatu:
Dhatus are the foundational tissues in Ayurveda that make up the body, including rasa (plasma), rakta (blood), mamsa (muscle), meda (fat), asthi (bone), majja (marrow), and shukra (reproductive fluid). Balancing dhatus is central to maintaining health and preventing diseases.

15) Madhyama:
Madhyama translates to 'medium' or 'moderate'. In Ayurveda, it describes the condition of individuals or diseases that exhibit balanced characteristics, important for decision-making in treatment. Practitioners often choose moderate therapies for those classified as madhyama.

16) Prakriti (Prakrti):
Prakriti refers to the inherent nature or constitution of an individual, determined at birth. It reflects the unique balance of doshas, influencing physical, mental, and emotional aspects of health. Understanding prakriti is crucial for personalized treatment strategies in Ayurveda.

17) Ahara:
Ahara means 'food' or 'nutrition' in Ayurveda. It encompasses dietary choices and consumption patterns that directly impact health and bodily functions. Understanding ahara is paramount for maintaining wellness and preventing disease, guiding food recommendations according to individual needs.

18) Roga:
Roga refers to 'disease' or 'illness' in Ayurveda. It signifies any deviation from the normal physiological state, characterized by various symptoms. Diagnosing roga accurately is essential for forming effective treatment plans tailored to the specific health concerns of individuals.

19) Food:
Food encompasses the consumables that provide nourishment to the body. In Ayurveda, food is not only about sustenance but also includes the principles of digestion and the qualities of various ingredients. Tailoring food choices to individual needs fosters optimal health and vitality.

20) Samhanana:
Samhanana refers to the compactness or structural integrity of the body. It assesses how well the body parts are interconnected, influencing overall strength and health. Evaluating samhanana allows practitioners to determine fitness levels and potential vulnerabilities in the patient's physique.

21) Vaya:
Vaya translates to 'age' and is an important factor in Ayurvedic diagnosis and treatment planning. It categorizes individuals based on their life stage, thereby influencing metabolic capacity, susceptibility to diseases, and the effectiveness of specific treatments tailored to their age group.

22) Aharashakti (Aharasakti, Ahara-shakti):
Ahara-shakti refers to an individual's digestive capacity and strength in processing food. It signifies the ability to properly digest and assimilate nutrients, which is essential for maintaining health and vitality. Assessment of ahara-shakti guides dietary and therapeutic recommendations.

23) Pramana (Pramanas):
Pramana denotes 'measurement' in Ayurveda, encompassing the assessment of various physiological parameters such as height, weight, and body proportions. Understanding these metrics informs health evaluations and treatment strategies, ensuring individualized care tailored to the patient's unique physical characteristics.

24) Measurement:
Measurements in Ayurveda encompass various physical assessments—height, weight, and body proportions—essential for evaluating health status. Accurate measurements guide practitioners in determining appropriate treatments and lifestyle recommendations based on individual characteristics.

25) Snigdha:
Snigdha means 'unctuous' or 'oily'. It describes the quality of substances that contribute to nourishment and vitality, as well as the texture of food. Understanding the quality of snigdha aids practitioners in recommending appropriate diets to promote health and balance.

26) Medium:
Medium refers to moderate levels or balances between extremes. In Ayurveda, recognizing the medium quality of an individual's health can guide practitioners in customizing treatment approaches that are neither too harsh nor too mild, ensuring effective healing.

27) Blood:
Blood, or rakta, is a vital dhatu that plays a crucial role in sustaining life. It nurtures the body by delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells. Understanding the condition of blood is essential for assessing overall health and planning treatments in Ayurveda.

28) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasas denote 'tastes' in Ayurveda, critical in understanding the effects of food on health. Identifying the six rasas informs dietary recommendations, helping maintain balance and health tailored to individual needs.

29) Vyayama:
Vyayama translates to 'exercise' and is pivotal in maintaining physical health and vitality. Regular physical activity strengthens the body, supports metabolic processes, and helps in disease prevention. Ayurvedic practitioners emphasize tailored exercise regimens based on individual capabilities and requirements.

30) Agni:
Agni signifies 'digestive fire' in Ayurveda, a crucial factor for metabolism, digestion, and overall health. Maintaining a balanced agni ensures proper digestion of food and effective assimilation of nutrients, which is essential for preventing diseases and promoting vitality.

31) Diet:
Diet encompasses the overall eating patterns and food choices of an individual. In Ayurveda, diet is carefully curated based on an individual's dosha and prakriti. A balanced diet promotes health, supports digestion, and minimizes the risk of diseases.

32) Vyayamashakti (Vyayamasakti, Vyayama-shakti):
Vyayamashakti indicates an individual's strength and capacity for physical exercise. Assessing vyayamashakti can guide practitioners in recommending appropriate physical activities that align with the patient's abilities and promote overall fitness.

33) Knowledge:
Knowledge encompasses understanding and information relevant to health and well-being. In Ayurveda, comprehensive knowledge about individual constitution, dosha, and treatment modalities is essential for effective healing and maintenance of health, guiding practitioners in their clinical practices.

34) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is a traditional system of medicine rooted in ancient Indian philosophy. It focuses on holistic health, aiming to maintain balance within the body through diet, lifestyle, and herbal remedies. Its principles guide practitioners in assessing health and prescribing individualized treatment plans.

35) Purusha (Purusa):
Purusa signifies 'individual' in Ayurveda, emphasizing the importance of considering each person's unique constitution and needs during health assessments. Understanding the purusa concept aids practitioners in personalized approach to treatment.

36) Quality:
Quality refers to the specific characteristics or attributes that define substances, treatments, or individuals. In Ayurveda, assessing the quality of foods, medications, and overall patient health is critical for developing effective treatment plans tailored to enhance well-being.

37) Madhya:
Madhya denotes 'middle' or 'moderate', used to classify individuals, conditions, or treatments of intermediate intensity. Understanding whether a condition is madhya helps practitioners select appropriate therapies that strike a balance between gentleness and effectiveness.

38) Mridu (Mrdu):
Mridu translates to 'gentle' or 'mild'. It is applied to classify drugs or treatments that are soothing and less aggressive. In Ayurveda, mridu drugs are especially important for weak individuals or those with sensitive constitutions, ensuring safe and effective healing.

39) Varna:
Varna refers to 'color' or 'complexion', particularly in the context of assessing physical health. In Ayurveda, various colors can indicate different health statuses or imbalances in bodily conditions, guiding practitioners in diagnosis and treatment approaches.

40) Rogin (Rogi):
Rogi means 'patient' or 'individual suffering from disease'. Analyzing the rogi's condition involves understanding their dosha, vikriti, and overall health. This comprehensive understanding is critical for developing personalized treatment plans to promote healing and restore balance.

41) Fire:
Fire symbolizes the transformative energy within the body, prominently represented by agni (digestive fire) in Ayurveda. This principle reflects the importance of maintaining balanced metabolic processes, which is crucial for digestion and sustaining overall health.

42) Life:
Life, in an Ayurvedic context, embodies various principles pertaining to health, vitality, and existence. Ayurveda promotes understanding the cycle of life, recognizing how health is vital in every stage, and utilizing this knowledge to improve quality and longevity.

43) Pratyaksha (Pratyaksa):
Pratyaksha refers to 'direct perception' or observation. In Ayurvedic practice, direct observation of a patient's symptoms and condition enhances the understanding of roga and rogi, leading to more accurate diagnoses and treatment plans tailored to individual needs.

44) Lakshana (Laksana):
Lakshana denotes 'symptoms' or 'characteristics' presented by a patient experiencing disease. Identifying lakshana helps practitioners understand the status of a disease and informs the diagnostic process, enabling effective treatment strategies to address underlying issues.

45) Medicine:
Medicines in Ayurveda encompasses various remedies including herbs, minerals, and animal products designed to restore health. The careful selection and application of these medicines depend on an individual's constitution and specific health needs.

46) Anumana:
Anumana refers to 'inference' or reasoning, a critical component of Ayurvedic diagnosis. It allows practitioners to deduce underlying health issues based on observed symptoms and characteristics, further informing the treatment plan crafted for the patient.

47) Krishna (Krsna):
Krishna is a cultural reference and may relate to Indian ethos or traditions, potentially representing concepts of divinity and wellbeing in the context of Ayurvedic philosophy. However, its specific usage in the provided text requires deeper cultural association to elucidate its relevance.

48) Angula (Amgula):
Angula signifies a finger-width measurement standard in Ayurveda, which helps describe physical attributes and proportions related to health. Utilizing angula as a measurement tool assists practitioners in standardizing assessments and crafting treatment strategies based on physical characteristics.

49) Dushya (Dusya):
Dushya refers to the 'impurities' or elements that contribute to disease formation in Ayurveda. Identifying the dushya involved in a patient's condition is essential for understanding the underlying pathology and informing treatment decisions aimed at purifying and restoring balance.

50) Karma (Karman):
Karma, meaning 'action', pertains to the ethical actions and influences in life. In the Ayurvedic context, karma also involves evaluating an individual's health practices and lifestyle, shaping their physical and mental states, thereby guiding personalized treatment options.

51) Asthi (Ashthi):
Asthi denotes 'bones', one of the essential dhatus in Ayurveda that provide structure and support to the body. Understanding the condition of asthi is essential for assessing physical health, strength, and resilience against diseases.

52) Rakta:
Rakta translates to 'blood', a crucial dhatu in Ayurveda that not only nourishes the body but also plays a vital role in detoxification and health. Understanding the condition of rakta aids in diagnosing various health issues and planning effective treatment regimens.

53) Ayus (Ayush):
Ayush signifies 'life' or 'longevity', reflecting the Ayurvedic commitment to promoting health and well-being throughout an individual's life. The principles of Ayurveda aim to extend life while ensuring the quality of life remains high and fulfilling.

54) Shri (Sri, Sr):
Shri is a respectful term used—especially in Indian culture—often preceding names or titles. It symbolizes respect and honor. In the context of Ayurveda, it could signify regard for practitioners, patients, or concepts pertaining to health and well-being.

55) Pain:
Pain refers to the physical distress experienced by individuals, often indicating underlying health issues. Recognizing the nature and distribution of pain is essential in Ayurvedic diagnostics, guiding treatment options tailored to manage discomfort effectively.

56) Avarasatva (Avara-satva):
Avara-satva refers to inferior mental faculties or weaknesses. It identifies individuals with low resilience and vulnerability to stress or emotional disturbances, informing practitioners about their mental health and guiding treatment strategies that support emotional well-being.

57) Suffering:
Suffering encompasses the physical and emotional distress experienced by individuals during illness. Understanding the nature and extent of suffering assists practitioners in providing compassionate care and effective treatments, aimed at alleviating pain and restoring balance.

58) Fainting (Fainted):
Fainting is a temporary loss of consciousness, often resulting from low blood flow to the brain. In Ayurveda, understanding the causes of fainting—such as dehydration, poor nutrition, or emotional stress—is crucial for diagnosing health issues and determining appropriate interventions.

59) Prakopa:
Prakopa refers to 'aggravation' or 'exacerbation' of doshas, leading to the onset of ailments. Recognizing the prakopa of specific doshas in a patient helps practitioners understand the underlying causes of diseases, which is essential for effective treatment.

60) Shamyaka (Samyaka):
Samyaka means 'proper' or 'balanced', often used to describe optimal health, physical fitness, or the right quality of food and therapies. Achieving samyaka is a goal in Ayurveda, representing the harmonious state essential for overall health.

61) Tikshna (Tiksna):
Tikshna signifies 'sharp' or 'potent' and is used in Ayurveda to classify strong medicines or dosha aggravations. Identifying a tikshna condition helps practitioners approach treatment with caution, ensuring that interventions are suitable for individual tolerance levels.

62) Sattva (Shattva):
Sattva refers to the quality of purity, clarity, and lightness, significant in Ayurvedic philosophy. It plays a key role in mental clarity and emotional stability, aiding practitioners in evaluating a patient's psychological health and addressing emotional imbalances.

63) Sandhi (Shandhi, Samdhi):
Sandhi means 'joint' and is crucial in assessing physical health and mobility. Understanding the condition of sandhi helps practitioners diagnose musculoskeletal issues, guiding treatment strategies aimed at restoring joint functionality and alleviating pain.

64) Sthula:
Sthula denotes 'stolen' or 'heavy', often used in Ayurveda to describe larger body frames. Assessing sthula characteristics provides insight into an individual's physical health and determines appropriate therapeutic interventions based on their constitution.

65) Vihara:
Vihara refers to lifestyle or habits in Ayurveda, encompassing physical activity, rest, and daily routines. Recognizing the influence of vihara on health is essential for guiding patients towards balanced practices that promote well-being and prevent disease.

66) Shukra (Sukra):
Shukra signifies 'reproductive tissue' or 'semen', vital for procreation and overall vitality in Ayurveda. Understanding shukra's health and quality informs treatments aimed at enhancing reproductive health and fertility.

67) Reason:
Reason signifies the rationale underpinning actions and decisions. In Ayurveda, reasons for health conditions guide practitioners in analyzing symptoms, formulating treatments, and understanding the interconnectedness of physical and psychological factors that contribute to patient well-being.

68) Animal:
Animals may represent natural elements used in Ayurvedic treatments, offering insights into the interconnectedness of life forms. Recognizing the importance of animals in health discussions allows for a comprehensive understanding of dietary and therapeutic practices.

69) Pitta:
Pitta represents one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, characterized by qualities of heat, metabolism, and transformation. Understanding an individual's pitta balance is crucial for addressing health issues and selecting appropriate therapies that align with their unique constitution.

70) Kapha:
Kapha signifies the dosha associated with stability, fluidity, and strength. Excessive kapha can lead to lethargy and weight gain. Recognizing kapha's influence helps practitioners maintain a balance in patients, ensuring they are healthy and preventing diseases.

71) Mutra:
Mutra denotes 'urine' in Ayurveda, an excretory product reflecting the state of health and functioning of bodily systems. Analyzing mutra helps practitioners assess various ailments and informs diagnosis and treatment planning.

72) Desha (Desa):
Desha refers to 'environment' or 'location' in Ayurveda and impacts an individual's health. Understanding desha is essential for adapting treatments to align with geographical and climatic factors affecting health, ensuring more effective, personalized approaches.

73) Majja:
Majja refers to 'bone marrow' in Ayurveda, a crucial dhatu responsible for nourishment and vitality. Assessing majja contributes to understanding immune function and overall health, guiding treatment strategies tailored to enhance these foundational aspects.

74) Yukta:
Yukta translates to 'appropriate' or 'well-considered', referring to the application of proper principles in treatment and lifestyle management. Ensuring yuktam in practice is essential for effective health interventions aligned with individual needs.

75) Akshi (Aksi):
Akshi refers to 'eyes' in Ayurveda; they denote perception and health. Assessing akshi conditions reflects the overall health status, making it essential for understanding visual and systemic well-being, guiding appropriate treatments for eye health.

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 193]

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Importance of dashvidha atur pariksha in clinical practice’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Disease prognosis, Clinical Practice, Roga Bala, Rogi Bala, Ayurvedic classical text, Swastha Purusha, Vikruti Pariksha, Prakruti Pariksha, Satmya Pariksha, Vyayama Shakti Pariksha, Vaya Pariksha, Accurate diagnosis, Satva Pariksha, Pareeksha, Ten Fold Examination, Clinical Assessment Method.

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