Mode of action of shalishashtiki pinda sweda – a review

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Mode of action of shalishashtiki pinda sweda – a review
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Author:

Vd. Rutuja R. Tembhekar and Vd. Sachin S. Chandaliya


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: Mode of action of shalishashtiki pinda sweda – a review

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr202113-22000

Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved


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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The article by Tembhekar et al. explores the therapeutic procedure of Pinda Sweda, specifically focusing on Shalishashtiki Pinda Sweda, a traditional Ayurvedic treatment. Swedana (sudation) is a technique employed to relieve various physical ailments through the application of heat, which can be administered via conduction, convection, and radiation. The procedure typically involves a medicinal bolus made from rice mixed with other healing agents, aiming to alleviate stiffness, heaviness, and discomfort in the body.

Therapeutic Mechanism of Pinda Sweda

One of the crucial concepts discussed is the therapeutic mechanism of Pinda Sweda. This procedure utilizes the healing properties of heated medicinal rice (Shalishashti) combined with herbal decoctions to create a profound healing effect. The heat generated during the treatment enhances circulation, improves muscle tone, and supports the nervous system's functioning. The unique part of this therapy is that it can be customized by physicians based on the patient's specific needs, allowing for flexibility in treatment approaches depending on drug accessibility and patient conditions.

Energy Transfer in Pinda Sweda

Another significant aspect of the article is the explanation of energy transfer involved in Pinda Sweda. The procedure relies on different modes of thermal energy transfer, including conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction occurs as the warm bolus comes in direct contact with the patient's skin, while convection is observed when the heated air or fluids facilitate heat distribution. This energy transfer contributes to the effectiveness of the therapeutic process, enabling the medicinal properties to penetrate into the skin and underlying tissues, fostering healing at various physiological levels.

Drug Absorption and Pharmacokinetics

The article also addresses the pharmacokinetic aspects of drug absorption during Pinda Sweda. The absorption process is significantly influenced by the lipid-soluble nature of the therapeutic agents used in the treatment. By applying the medicinal bolus, the heat dilates capillaries and enhances permeable absorption, facilitating the passage of drugs through biological membranes. The text elaborates on the mechanisms whereby these drugs can bypass liver metabolism, leading to direct effects on the target tissues, thus maximizing therapeutic outcomes without systemic complications.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Tembhekar et al.'s review of Shalishashtiki Pinda Sweda underscores the intricate interplay between traditional Ayurvedic practices and modern pharmacological principles. The paper highlights the versatility of Pinda Sweda in addressing various musculoskeletal and neurological issues while providing insights into the underlying mechanisms of energy transfer and drug absorption. This synthesis of ancient wisdom and contemporary understanding illuminates the potential for Pinda Sweda to be an effective therapeutic intervention within integrative medicine. Further studies could expand our knowledge of its applications, enhancing treatment methodologies in Ayurveda.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is Shalishashtiki Pinda Sweda and its significance?

Shalishashtiki Pinda Sweda is an Ayurvedic sudation therapy using medicinal rice and herbs. It promotes healing, enhances circulation, and alleviates muscular stiffness, primarily benefiting Vata disorders.

How is Shalishashtiki Pinda Sweda prepared?

The preparation involves boiling Shashtikashali rice with bala root in milk and decoction, forming a semisolid paste, which is then wrapped in cotton cloth pottalis for application.

What are the main therapeutic benefits of Pinda Sweda?

Pinda Sweda helps relieve pain, stiffness, and heaviness, enhances muscle tone, improves circulation, and supports the nervous system while inducing sweat for detoxification.

What precautions should be taken during the procedure?

Precautions include monitoring temperature, preventing uneven pressure during massage, ensuring the boluses are tightly tied, and being attentive to the patient's comfort to avoid complications.

Are there contraindications for Shalishashtiki Pinda Sweda treatment?

Yes, contraindications include acute fever, inflammatory conditions, gastrointestinal issues, respiratory disorders, and patients with uncontrolled diabetes or severe inflammation.

What mechanism is involved in the drug absorption during treatment?

The treatment promotes drug absorption via the skin through increased capillary permeability and direct contact with lipid-soluble medications in the warmed boluses.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Mode of action of shalishashtiki pinda sweda – a review”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Drug:
Drugs in Ayurveda are natural substances used for therapeutic applications. They include herbs, minerals, and animal products that are processed to enhance their healing properties. The efficacy of these drugs is studied through various methods, ensuring their safe and effective use in treatments.

2) Varanasi (Varanashi):
Varanasi is a significant city in India known for its rich cultural and religious heritage. It is often associated with Ayurvedic education and research. It is home to numerous ancient texts and institutes that study and promote Ayurveda, thus contributing to the development of ancient medicinal sciences.

3) Samhita:
A Samhita is a collection of ancient texts, particularly in Ayurveda, that detail various medical theories, practices, and recipes. These texts serve as foundational literature for practitioners and scholars, documenting classical knowledge and methodologies for treating ailments and understanding human health.

4) Sutrasthana (Sutra-sthana):
Sutrasthana refers to a section of the Charaka Samhita where fundamental principles and guidelines of Ayurveda are laid out. This section serves as a cornerstone for clinical practices, emphasizing core concepts that guide diagnosis and treatment, including the nature of diseases and their management.

5) Dridhabala (Drdhabala):
Dridhabala is a significant figure in Ayurvedic literature, known for his commentary on the Charaka Samhita. His interpretations provide clarity and context to ancient texts, making them more accessible to contemporary practitioners and enrich the understanding of Ayurvedic concepts.

6) Agnivesha (Agnivesa, Agni-vesha):
Agnivesha was an early Ayurvedic scholar and the author of the original Charaka Samhita. His works laid down foundational principles of Ayurveda, covering aspects like diagnosis, treatment, and pathology. His contributions continue to influence Ayurvedic practices and education today.

7) Pinda (Pimda):
Pinda refers to a bolus or a mass used in Ayurvedic therapies such as Pinda Sweda. It is typically prepared using herbal mixtures and is integral to treatments that involve external applications for healing injuries, improving nourishment, or alleviating conditions related to Vata and other doshas.

8) Water:
Water plays a critical role in Ayurveda, being considered a fundamental element for life. It is essential in various therapeutic processes including decoctions, infusions, and as a solvent for herbal preparations. Proper hydration is emphasized for maintaining health and facilitating bodily functions.

9) Pottali:
Pottali refers to herbal bolus bags used in therapies like Pinda Sweda. These medicated boluses are filled with a mixture of herbs, rice, and other ingredients, which are then heated and applied to the body for therapeutic benefits, aiding in detoxification and nourishment.

10) Dhamani:
Dhamanis are the intricate networks of channels in the body that transport substances and energies. Understanding their structure and function is vital for practitioners to apply effective therapies in restoring health and wellness.

11) New Delhi:
New Delhi is the capital of India and a major center for Ayurvedic education and research. Numerous Ayurvedic institutions and clinics are located here, promoting the practice of traditional medicine and allowing for extensive study and application of Ayurvedic principles.

12) Delhi:
Delhi, as a metropolitan area, plays an important role in the dissemination of Ayurvedic knowledge and practices. It houses various colleges, research centers, and pharmacies that specialize in Ayurvedic products and therapies, thus contributing to the growth of traditional medicine in urban settings.

13) Sanskrit:
Sanskrit is the classical language of ancient Indian texts and is the medium in which many Ayurvedic scriptures are written. Understanding Sanskrit is essential for practitioners to interpret ancient texts accurately, ensuring the preservation and continuity of Ayurvedic knowledge.

14) Snigdha:
Snigdha refers to the quality of being oily or unctuous, significant in Ayurvedic philosophy. Substances with snigdha properties are used to balance Vata, nourish tissues, and lubricate joints, contributing to overall health and wellness, especially in treatments for dryness or roughness.

15) Shali (Sali):
Shali is a type of rice utilized in Ayurvedic treatments. It is recognized for its nutritional value and therapeutic properties, particularly in formulations like Pinda Sweda, where its use contributes to nourishment and supports various bodily functions, enhancing overall well-being.

16) Kanti (Kamti):
Kanti refers to the brightness or luster of the skin, an important concept in Ayurveda related to health. The pursuit of Kanti is often associated with therapies that nourish the skin through dietary changes and medicinal applications, ensuring a radiant appearance as a sign of health.

17) Milk:
Milk is considered a vital food source in Ayurveda, known for its nourishing, hydrating, and healing properties. It is often used in various formulations including decoctions, enhancing the digestibility and effectiveness of herbal treatments while contributing to overall health and vitality.

18) Karma (Karman):
Karma in Ayurveda refers to actions or treatment procedures. It encompasses various therapeutic modalities, including detoxification, rejuvenation, and disease prevention. Understanding the principles of karma is essential for practitioners to administer effective treatments aligned with individual patient needs.

19) Dhatu:
Dhatus refer to the seven basic tissues in Ayurveda, essential for maintaining health. Each dhatu plays a specific role, and imbalances can lead to disease, making knowledge about them crucial for effective Ayurvedic practice and treatment strategies.

20) Bala:
Bala is a term referring to strength or vitality, often associated with treatments aimed at boosting immunity and overall health. In Ayurveda, maintaining bala is crucial for wellness, particularly in pediatric care and recovery from illness, ensuring robust growth and development.

21) Rice (Rce):
Rice is a staple food in many cultures, including Ayurvedic practices. In treatments like Pinda Sweda, specific rice varieties are used for their healing properties and nutritional benefits, serving as a base for therapeutic preparations that nourish and restore balance in the body.

22) Shashtika (Sastika):
Shashtika refers to a specific variety of rice known for its medicinal properties. Its use in Ayurvedic formulations, particularly in Shashtika Shali Pinda Sweda, highlights its role in promoting health and treating various physical ailments effectively.

23) Snehana:
Snehana refers to the Ayurvedic practice of oleation, where unctuous substances are applied to the body to promote lubrication, detoxification, and healing. This technique is essential in balancing Vata dosha and preparing the body for therapeutic procedures such as Panchakarma.

24) Amalaki:
Amalaki, also known as Amla, is an important herbal remedy in Ayurveda, known for its antioxidant properties and role in boosting immunity. It is widely used in various formulations to enhance health and detoxification, making it a staple in many Ayurvedic practices.

25) Shankara (Sankara, Samkara, Sham-kara):
Sankara refers to a type of fomentation based on Ayurvedic principles that utilizes herbal boluses. This process enhances the therapeutic effect of various herbs by facilitating absorption through heat application, thus playing a key role in treatments like Pinda Sweda.

26) Tala:
Thala refers to a process or platform used in Ayurvedic practices for therapeutic applications, emphasizing its importance in enhancing efficacy and comfort in various treatments.

27) Transformation (Transform, Transforming):
Transformations in Ayurveda highlight the dynamic changes in the body concerning health and treatment interventions. Understanding these transformations aids practitioners in designing individualized therapeutic plans to restore balance and promote wellness.

28) Dravyaguna (Dravya-guna):
Dravyaguna refers to the study of the properties and actions of herbs and other substances used in Ayurveda. This field encompasses understanding how different drugs affect bodily functions, enabling practitioners to choose appropriate treatments based on individual needs.

29) Madhura:
Madhura denotes sweetness in Ayurvedic terminology and is associated with a taste that nourishes and balances the body. Sweet substances are often used in formulations to promote health and provide comfort, especially for soothing digestive issues.

30) Kashaya (Kasaya):
Kashaya refers to the astringent taste in Ayurveda, known for its drying and tightening effects. Substances characterized by kashaya are often included in herbal formulations to counterbalance excess moisture and manage conditions like diarrhea or inflammation.

31) Sharman (Sarma, Sharma, Sarman):
Sharma is commonly a term denoting auspicious or well-being. In Ayurvedic practices, it reflects the overall aim of treatments, which is achieving optimal health, harmony, and balance among the body, mind, and spirit.

32) Blood:
Blood in Ayurveda is referred to as Rakta and is one of the main dhatus or tissues of the body. Maintaining a healthy balance of blood is essential for overall vitality, and many treatments focus on purifying and nourishing the blood to restore health.

33) Study (Studying):
Studying in Ayurveda involves ongoing research and learning about ancient texts, practices, and new developments in the field. Continuous education is essential for practitioners to apply effective methods and update their knowledge.

34) Fire:
Fire represents Agni in Ayurveda, symbolizing digestion, transformation, and metabolism. It is a critical component in understanding how the body processes food and medicines, and it is integral in various treatments aimed at strengthening the digestive system.

35) Sushruta-samhita (Susruta-samhita):
The Sushruta Samhita is one of the foundational texts of Ayurveda, attributed to Sushruta, who is considered the father of surgery. It details surgical techniques, medicinal plants, and treatment protocols, forming a vital resource for practitioners and scholars in the field.

36) Shashtikashali (Sastikasali, Shashtika-shali):
Shashtikashali is synonymous with Shashtika rice, recognized for its short growing period and unique properties beneficial in Ayurvedic therapies. Its inclusion in treatments emphasizes the importance of selecting specific herbal substances to optimize health outcomes.

37) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological aspects in Ayurveda refer to the study and application of various drugs and their therapeutic effects. This discipline bridges traditional practices with modern understanding, allowing for integrated approaches to health and medicine based on empirical evidence.

38) Nibandha (Nibamdha):
Nibandha refers to commentaries or compilations of Ayurvedic texts that clarify principles and practices. These works are crucial for understanding the interpretations and applications of ancient knowledge in contemporary Ayurveda.

39) Abhyanga (Abhyamga):
Abhyanga is a traditional Ayurvedic oil massage technique used to promote relaxation and healing. It enhances blood circulation, nourishes tissues, and prepares the body for further treatments, playing a vital role in therapeutic practices.

40) Samgraha (Sangraha):
Samgraha, meaning compilation, refers to the collective understanding of Ayurvedic methodologies and philosophies as documented in ancient texts. This term encapsulates the essence of Ayurvedic practices, unifying various aspects of medicine into a coherent system.

41) Dharana:
Dharana refers to the application and adherence to Ayurvedic practices and principles in daily life. It signifies the importance of maintaining health and well-being through disciplined practices, dietary compliance, and holistic lifestyle choices.

42) Disease:
Disease in Ayurveda is seen as an imbalance of doshas or dhatus. Understanding the root causes of disease is essential for diagnosis and treatment, focusing on restoring balance through natural remedies and lifestyle adjustments.

43) Coconut (Cocoanut):
Coconut is widely used in Ayurveda for its multiple health benefits. Its oil and milk are utilized in various treatments and formulations, offering nourishment, hydration, and therapeutic properties that support skin health and overall bodily functions.

44) Ruksha (Ruksa):
Ruksha translates to dryness in Ayurveda, referring to qualities of certain substances. Ruksha properties are essential in conditions involving excess moisture or Kapha dosha imbalance, aiding in treatments intended to eliminate dampness and excess fluid from the body.

45) Kapha:
Kapha is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, representing the elements of earth and water. It governs structure, stability, and hydration in the body, and its imbalance can lead to disorders characterized by lethargy, weight gain, and fluid retention.

46) Tikta:
Tikta denotes bitterness in Ayurvedic understanding, a taste considered detoxifying. Tikta substances are used for their purifying effects in various formulations, balancing other doshas and supporting metabolic functions in the body.

47) Snana:
Snana refers to bathing or cleansing practices in Ayurveda, important for maintaining hygiene, removing toxins, and promoting relaxation. A proper snana routine is essential for overall wellness and integrates with many Ayurvedic treatments.

48) Masha (Masa, Ma-sha):
Masha, or whole urad dal, is recognized in Ayurveda for its nutritional properties. Consumed for its protein and fiber content, it is often included in dietary recommendations to enhance strength and vitality, particularly during recovery phases.

49) Guru:
Guru indicates heaviness in Ayurveda, a quality that can impact digestion and metabolism. Understanding the guru quality of foods helps practitioners recommend appropriate dietary choices to maintain balance in body functions.

50) Tila:
Tila, or sesame seeds, is significant in Ayurvedic practices. Known for its nourishing properties, it is commonly used in oils and medicinal preparations, contributing to overall health and the balance of Vata and Pitta doshas.

51) Pharmacology:
Pharmacology in the Ayurvedic context refers to the study of the effects of natural drugs and their mechanisms. This field enables practitioners to integrate traditional knowledge with modern scientific understanding, enhancing the effectiveness of treatments and safety profiles.

52) Ashvagandha (Asvagandha, Ashwagandha, Ashvagamdha, Ashva-gandha):
Ashwagandha is a prominent adaptogenic herb in Ayurveda known for its stress-reducing and rejuvenating properties. Its inclusion in various formulations supports overall vitality, making it a favored choice for enhancing physical and mental resilience.

53) Abhyantara (Abhyamtara):
Abhyantara refers to internal processes in Ayurveda that deal with digestion and metabolic functions. This concept emphasizes the importance of nourishment from within, affecting overall health and the effectiveness of treatments administered externally.

54) Stiffness:
Stiffness refers to rigidity in the body, often considered a sign of Vata imbalance in Ayurveda. Treatments targeting stiffness aim to improve flexibility and mobility through therapies like Abhyanga and Swedana, addressing the underlying dosha imbalances.

55) Brimhana (Brmhana):
Brimhana signifies the process of nourishment and strengthening in Ayurveda. It involves the use of specific substances and therapies to enhance tissue health, particularly important for individuals recovering from illnesses or experiencing weakness.

56) Vatahara (Vata-ahara):
Vatahara refers to substances or treatments that pacify Vata dosha. These are critical in restoring balance and alleviating symptoms associated with Vata imbalance, such as dryness and anxiety, through appropriate dietary and therapeutic interventions.

57) Rasayani:
Rasayani denotes rejuvenation in Ayurveda, signifying therapies and substances that enhance vitality and longevity. Rasayana treatments are integral to promoting wellness, improving immunity, and counteracting the effects of aging.

58) Vitiation (Vitiated):
Vitiated describes a state of imbalance or disturbance in Ayurvedic terminology. It indicates when doshas or dhatus are out of harmony, leading to diseases that require comprehensive understanding and treatment strategies to restore equilibrium.

59) Channel:
A channel in Ayurvedic medicine signifies a pathway in the body through which vital energies and nutrients circulate. Understanding these channels is essential for practitioners to ensure that therapeutic substances reach their intended targets and perform their intended functions.

60) Rasnadi:
Rasnadi refers to a specific herbal formulation in Ayurveda, used for specific therapeutic purposes. It's known for its rejuvenating properties and is commonly utilized in treatments targeting the musculoskeletal system.

61) Heating:
Heating in Ayurvedic treatments refers to the application of warmth as a therapeutic modality. This process aids in vasodilation, relaxation of muscles, and improvements in the absorption of medicinal properties, enhancing healing processes.

62) Sharira (Sarira):
Sharira refers to the physical body in Ayurveda, encompassing all its aspects. A deep understanding of sharira is necessary to apply Ayurvedic principles effectively, as diverse treatments aim to maintain or restore balance in this fundamental aspect of health.

63) Dravya:
Dravya denotes a substance used for therapeutic purposes in Ayurvedic practice. It includes a wide range of materials such as herbs, minerals, and animal products, each with specific healing properties that contribute to health and wellness.

64) Ghrita (Ghrta):
Ghrita refers to medicated ghee used in Ayurvedic treatments, known for its nourishing and healing properties. Ghrita serves as a vital base for many formulations, enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of herbal medicines while also improving digestion.

65) Ushana (Usana):
Ushana describes the quality of heat in Ayurveda and indicates warmth or heating characteristics of substances. It is a crucial aspect in treatment formulations aimed at alleviating Vata and Kapha imbalances, as warmth stimulates metabolic processes.

66) Srotas (Shrotas):
Srotas refers to the channels and pathways in Ayurveda through which substances and energy pass within the body. Understanding the function of srotas is essential for effective treatments, as they facilitate the transportation of nutrients and other vital elements.

67) Shosha (Sosa):
Shosha refers to exhaustion or emaciation in Ayurvedic terms. Conditions of shosha require revitalizing treatments aimed at restoring strength and vitality, often involving nourishing diets and therapeutic practices to reinstate balance.

68) Powder:
Powder refers to the processed form of herbs or substances used in Ayurvedic formulations. It is commonly used for creating remedies and treatments, allowing for easier incorporation into various formulations and facilitating effective absorption in the body.

69) Nagapura (Naga-pura):
Nagpur is a city in Maharashtra, India, known for Ayurvedic practices and education. Home to several institutions dedicated to teaching Ayurveda, it plays a vital role in preserving and promoting traditional medicinal practices and knowledge.

70) Pitta:
Pitta is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, associated with fire and transformation. Maintaining a balanced Pitta is vital for digestion, metabolism, and energy levels, influencing a person’s overall health and wellness.

71) Mamsa (Mamsha):
Mamsa refers to muscle tissue in Ayurveda and is one of the seven dhatus. It plays a crucial role in the body’s strength and mobility, making its nourishment and balance important in treatments for various musculoskeletal disorders.

72) Nidra:
Nidra signifies sleep in Ayurveda, which is crucial for health and well-being. Proper sleep restores balance, rejuvenates the body, and enhances overall functioning, emphasizing the importance of adequate rest in maintaining optimal health.

73) Ushna (Usna):
Ushna refers to heat or warmth, an important quality considered beneficial in Ayurveda. Ushna properties are often employed in treatments to alleviate coldness and dampness in the body, playing a role in promoting digestion and circulation.

74) Bahya:
Bahya means external in Ayurvedic context, representing therapies and treatments administered externally. Understanding the effects of bahya therapies is essential for practitioners to maximize their therapeutic benefits, including applications like oil massages and external herbal remedies.

75) Droni:
Droni is a treatment platform or position used in Ayurvedic therapies, designed to provide comfort during treatments such as Pinda Sweda. The use of droni ensures effective application of therapies while facilitating relaxation and accessibility.

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 199]

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Mode of action of shalishashtiki pinda sweda – a review’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Snehana, Ayurvedic medicine, Mode of action, Drug Absorption, Sudation, Swedana therapy, Panchakarma procedure, Pinda Sweda, Shashtika Shali Pinda Sweda, Treatment procedure, Muscle tone, Patient Condition, Energy transfer, Pottali preparation.

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