Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Paratantravalokanam for scientific understanding of jataharini in garbhini avastha-
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Subtitle: a conceptual study
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Dharitri Purohit, Arpana Jain and Dr. Varun T.
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Paratantravalokanam for scientific understanding of jataharini in garbhini avastha-
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr202113-21897
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The study presented in this article by Dharitri Purohit and colleagues focuses on the Ayurvedic concept of "Jataharini," particularly in relation to women during the garbhini avastha (pregnancy phase). This conceptual examination highlights disorders encountered within the field of prasuti tantra (obstetrics) and stree roga (women’s health), emphasizing a range of diseases that can affect women during different reproductive stages. Jataharini is identified as a graha dosha, attributed to the affliction of the Revathi graha, which manifests in various disorders impacting menstruation and fertility. A modern perspective is adopted to understand the origins, classifications, and implications of these conditions.
The Story Behind Jataharini
The origin of Jataharini is rooted in ancient Ayurvedic texts, tied to the mythological event of Samudra Manthana, where the devatas (gods) and asuras (demons) vied for amrita, the nectar of immortality. As the devatas struggled against the asuras, they sought assistance from Skandha, the warrior god. In return for his help, he created the graha known as Revathi, designed specifically to destroy the asuras. The aftermath of this battle saw Revathi turning her fury toward the garbashaya (uterus) of women, leading to a series of reproductive disorders categorized under Jataharini. This concept illustrates the interplay between mythology and the understanding of reproductive health in Ayurveda.
Classification and Implications of Jataharini
Kashyapa Samhita is the primary source for classifying Jataharini, encompassing various forms of life affected by these disorders. The classification divides Jataharini into three main categories: Daivi (affecting divine beings), Manushi (affecting humans), and Tirascheena (affecting animals and birds). Within the Manushi category, further subdivisions based on societal varnas (classes) exist, emphasizing the widespread nature of these disorders across different demographics. The study presents a detailed exploration of the milder (sadhya) and severe (asadhya) variants of Jataharini, suggesting that while some conditions may be classified as treatable, others may pose significant challenges to managing reproductive health.
Behavioral and Familial Factors Associated with Jataharini
The article delves into the various factors that predispose women to Jataharini, categorizing them into ritualistic, behavioral, familial, and mental factors. Ritualistic factors include deviations from accepted social behaviors, whereas behavioral factors highlight detrimental personal habits that invite negative energies related to Jataharini. Familial components focus on a woman’s relationships and interactions within her family, while mental factors address the psychological state that may contribute to this affliction. Collectively, these causative factors emphasize the need for women to engage in positive social interactions and personal habits to mitigate the risks associated with Jataharini.
Conclusion
The findings of this conceptual study underscore the importance of understanding Jataharini within the context of women's reproductive health in Ayurveda. By recognizing and diagnosing these disorders, Ayurvedic practitioners can develop effective treatment protocols that incorporate traditional Ayurvedic principles alongside modern medical insights. The integration of jyotishya shastra (astrological science) as part of therapeutic strategies may enhance outcomes for individuals experiencing infertility or other associated complications. In conclusion, understanding Jataharini provides valuable insights into the complexities of reproductive disorders and emphasizes the need for a holistic treatment approach that considers both physical and psychosocial dimensions of health.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the concept of Jataharini in Ayurveda?
Jataharini is an Ayurvedic concept related to disorders affecting women's reproductive health, particularly manifested during ante-natal phases, potentially associated with the Revathi graha and leading to various complications in pregnancy.
What are the classifications of Jataharini disorders?
Jataharini disorders are classified into Daivi (affecting divine beings), Manushi (affecting humans), and Tirascheena (affecting animals). Manushi types are further categorized based on societal classes like Kshatriya, Brahmana, Vaishya, and Kshudra.
Who can be affected by Jataharini disorders?
Both men and women can be afflicted by Jataharini. Women can transmit it through sharing personal items, while men may contract it through intimate relations with affected women.
What are the common symptoms of Jataharini?
Common symptoms include physical debilitation, mental imbalance, and adverse effects on family resources and dynamics. These can lead to severe menstrual and pregnancy disorders.
How does Jataharini relate to modern medical conditions?
Jataharini can be correlated with modern conditions like implantation failures, pregnancy losses, and various complications that arise during different stages of pregnancy.
What is the significance of diagnosing Jataharini disorders?
Correct diagnosis of Jataharini is crucial for treatment, allowing for both Ayurvedic and modern medical approaches, which can improve outcomes for infertility and enhance overall reproductive health.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Paratantravalokanam for jataharini in garbhini avastha.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Disease:
Diseases are patterns of physiological dysfunction that can arise from various causes, including environmental, genetic, and lifestyle factors. In Ayurvedic health frameworks, understanding diseases extends to the holistic examination of the body-mind connection, allowing for targeted and integrated therapeutic interventions for effective treatment.
2) Garbha:
Garbha, in Ayurveda, signifies the embryonic stage of a fetus in the womb. The concept is essential for understanding prenatal health and relates to Ayurvedic considerations of pregnancy, emphasizing the importance of nurturing both mother and fetus for healthy development throughout gestation and beyond.
3) Asura:
Asuras are often seen as antagonistic beings in Indian mythology, representing chaos and disorder. Their mention in Ayurvedic texts indicates an exploration of metaphysical influences believed to affect human well-being and health, particularly women's reproductive health, bringing a historical and cultural context to health-related discussions.
4) Death:
Death signifies the cessation of biological functions that sustain a living organism. In the study of Jataharini, understanding death is crucial, particularly regarding maternal and fetal mortality, guiding healthcare practitioners to develop preventive and remedial strategies to mitigate risks during and after prenatal care.
5) Graha:
Grahas are astrological entities or planetary influences that are thought to exert power over individuals’ lives. In the Ayurvedic domain, grahas like Revathi influence health outcomes, particularly through Jataharini, where their afflictions may lead to various reproductive disorders in women, addressing psychosocial dimensions of health.
6) Life:
Life is defined as the characteristic state of organisms exhibiting growth, reproduction, and adaptation. In Ayurvedic philosophy, the understanding of life encompasses not just biological existence but also balances mental, emotional, and spiritual health, necessitating a comprehensive approach to treatments, especially in reproductive health.
7) Kashyapa (Kasyapa, Kashya-pa, Kashyapanamdana):
Kashyapa is revered as an ancient sage and a foundational figure in Ayurveda, credited with compiling significant knowledge in texts like the Kashyapa Samhita. His insights into health, disease, and treatment methods influence contemporary Ayurvedic practices, especially concerning women's health and reproductive disorders.
8) Asadhya:
Asadhya indicates conditions that are believed to be incurable or difficult to heal. In Ayurvedic literature, these conditions emphasize the importance of prevention, proper diagnosis, and individualized treatment plans to manage chronic health issues effectively, reflecting the holistic nature of Ayurvedic practice.
9) Birth:
Births refer to the act of delivering offspring into the world. Understanding births in Ayurvedic practices emphasizes the importance of holistic maternity care, encouraging practices that foster healthy outcomes for mothers and infants alike.
10) Labour (Labor):
Labor refers to the process of childbirth encompassing physical exertion and pain as the mother brings forth the baby. Understanding labor in Ayurvedic terms involves considering factors like proper preparation, nutrition, and support to ensure a smooth delivery, minimizing complications and enhancing maternal health.
11) Garbhini:
Garbhini signifies a pregnant woman in Ayurveda. This term emphasizes the vital role of maternal health during pregnancy, focusing on both physical and psychological well-being to ensure positive outcomes for both the mother and the fetus, reflecting the comprehensive nature of Ayurvedic care.
12) Sadhya:
Sadhya refers to conditions that are curable or manageable through appropriate treatments and practices. In Ayurveda, recognizing sadhya conditions highlights the necessity for accurate diagnosis and intervention strategies that empower individuals to recover their health through a combination of lifestyle adjustments and medicinal support.
13) Samanya:
Samanya means general or common. In the context of Jataharini and other health conditions, it is crucial to identify shared characteristics and patterns that can aid in diagnosis and treatment strategies, ensuring a better understanding of the collective factors influencing women's reproductive health.
14) Vyadhin (Vyadhi):
Vyadhi means disease or disorder in Ayurveda. A thorough understanding of vyadhi encompasses not just the physical symptoms but also the underlying causes and lifestyle practices that contribute to these conditions, promoting a holistic approach to treatment that addresses all aspects of an individual's health and well-being.
15) Reason:
Reason pertains to the underlying causes of health disorders or diseases. In Ayurvedic practice, identifying the reason behind a condition is fundamental for formulating effective treatment regimens, emphasizing the interplay between body, mind, environment, and individual lifestyle choices in achieving wellness.
16) Animal:
Animals are non-human organisms that can interact diversely with humans in ecological and health contexts. Understanding the role of animals in Ayurveda highlights the interconnectedness of species and reinforces the necessity of considering all life forms when addressing health issues.
17) Dhatu:
Dhatu signifies the fundamental tissue elements of the body in Ayurveda, such as rasa (plasma), rakta (blood), and others. Understanding dhatu is essential for assessing health, as imbalances or deficiencies can lead to diseases, particularly in the context of reproductive health and overall vitality.
18) Table:
Table refers to a systematic arrangement of data to facilitate understanding and comparison. In the context of Jataharini, tables are used to classify disorders, symptoms, and treatments, supporting practitioners in diagnosing conditions and tailoring appropriate Ayurvedic interventions based on well-organized information.
19) Rupa:
Roopa translates to form or shape in Ayurveda. It encapsulates the physical manifestation of health or imbalance that can be observed. Recognizing roopa in patients allows practitioners to assess external signs that may correlate with internal health issues, integral to effective diagnosis.
20) Roga:
Roga refers to disease or disorder in Ayurvedic knowledge systems. The understanding of roga encompasses a holistic view, considering physical, emotional, and spiritual dimensions, which facilitates comprehensive treatment approaches to restore health and balance in affected individuals.
21) Garbhashaya (Garbhasaya, Garbha-ashaya):
Garbhashaya represents the uterus in Ayurvedic terminology. Knowledge of garbhashaya and its health is critical in the context of reproductive health, as it directly influences conception, gestation, and childbirth, making it a focal point for treatment strategies in women's health.
22) Manushi (Manusi):
Manushi refers specifically to human beings, particularly with respect to their roles and conditions. In Ayurveda, identifying manushi traits helps tailor health practices that cater specifically to the physiological and psychological needs of women, especially in the context of reproduction.
23) Avastha:
Avastha signifies a phase or state of being. In the context of Ayurveda and Jataharini, recognizing the various avasthas in a woman's life, particularly during reproductive years, informs the understanding of health challenges and treatment strategies appropriate to each stage.
24) Pathya:
Pathya means the prescribed or correct way of living and eating according to Ayurveda. The emphasis on pathya underlines the importance of aligning lifestyle and dietary practices with individual health conditions, especially in managing reproductive issues and optimizing overall well-being.
25) Family:
Family serves as a crucial social unit influencing health behaviors, emotional support, and resource availability. Understanding familial dynamics in the context of health, particularly in managing Jataharini and other health challenges, underscores the need for integrated support systems in treatment approaches.
26) Karma (Karman):
Karma refers to actions and their consequent effects. In Ayurveda, understanding karma highlights the interconnectedness of behaviors, thoughts, and health outcomes, guiding individuals toward mindful living practices that support overall wellness and mitigate adverse health impacts.
27) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa denotes the bodily fluid plasma and one of the seven dhatus in Ayurveda essential for life. The quality and balance of rasa influence overall health and vitality, and addressing any imbalances is vital, particularly in discussions of reproductive health and nourishment.
28) Sign:
Sign refers to observable indicators or manifestations of a condition. In Ayurvedic practice, recognizing signs facilitates timely diagnosis and intervention, making it an essential component of effective disease management and holistic health care.
29) Transmission:
Transmission indicates the process of conveying a disease or condition from one individual to another. In Jataharini's context, understanding transmission is crucial for identifying risk factors in reproductive disorders and implementing preventive precautions to protect vulnerable populations.
30) Rasadhatu (Rasa-dhatu):
Rasa-dhatu refers specifically to the first dhatu or tissue responsible for nourishing the body. Understanding rasa-dhatu is fundamental in Ayurveda, as it forms the basis for sustaining health and supporting all subsequent dhatus, crucial in managing various health conditions.
31) Lakshana (Laksana):
Lakshana, in singular form, also refers to specific symptoms or indicators of health conditions. Recognizing distinct lakshanas aids in diagnosing and treating diseases, ensuring that individual health plans address both symptomatic relief and root causes.
32) Spandana (Spamdana):
Spandana denotes the pulsation or movement associated with life, often referring to fetal movement during pregnancy in Ayurveda. The presence and quality of spandana are significant indicators of fetal health, vital for monitoring the well-being of both the mother and fetus.
33) Bhojana:
Bhojana means food or dietary intake in Ayurveda. It emphasizes the pivotal role of nutrition in health, especially for pregnant women, where appropriate bhojana is crucial for supporting pregnancy and ensuring adequate nourishment for both the mother and the developing fetus.
34) Prasuti:
Prasuti refers to the process of childbirth and encompasses all aspects related to pregnancy and labor. Understanding prasuti holistically supports professionals in providing care that meets the physical, emotional, and spiritual needs of pregnant mothers.
35) Tantra (Tantrism, Tamtra):
Tantra refers to systems of knowledge, rituals, and practices in Ayurveda. The use of tantra in the study of Jataharini supports the understanding of the intricate links between human behavior, auspiciousness, and health, guiding practitioners in effective health management.
36) Daruna:
Daruna signifies extreme or severe conditions. In the context of Jataharini, daruna conditions pertain to grave health issues that can bear significant consequences for reproductive health, necessitating careful attention to symptom management and intervention.
37) Nidana:
Nidana refers to the underlying causes or factors contributing to diseases in Ayurveda. Understanding nidana facilitates effective diagnosis and treatment planning, focusing interventions on eliminating root causes rather than just alleviating symptoms.
38) Vaira:
Vaira denotes enmity or antagonism, reflecting negative psychological states that can impact physical health. In the context of Jataharini, recognizing vaira allows practitioners to address emotional well-being and improve overall health outcomes, particularly in women.
39) Study (Studying):
Study pertains to the systematic investigation of subjects to gain knowledge. In the context of Jataharini, conducting thorough study enhances understanding of reproductive disorders, enabling healthcare practitioners to provide effective and informed care based on empirical evidence.
40) Carva:
Sarva means all or entire. In Ayurvedic discussions, the concept of sarva highlights the interconnectedness of various dimensions of health and wellness, underscoring the importance of considering every aspect of an individual when addressing diseases.
41) Kali:
Kali represents dark forces or challenges that disrupt life. In Ayurvedic texts, Kali denotes the negative influences affecting women's health, especially during Jataharini, emphasizing the need for protective practices that foster resilience and health.
42) Tana:
Tana signifies the physical body, which holds a vital place in health discussions. Understanding tana in the context of Jataharini underscores the need to address physical health along with emotional and spiritual well-being for comprehensive treatment strategies.
43) Hani:
Hani translates to loss or harm. In context to health, hani emphasizes the detrimental impacts of diseases on individuals and families. Recognizing hani can guide practitioners to frame interventions aimed at minimizing health losses and protecting life quality.
44) Deva:
Deva refers to divine or celestial beings in Indian mythology. In Ayurvedic discussions, invoking local deva implies acknowledging spiritual influences on health, guiding practitioners in integrating holistic treatments that consider metaphysical aspects affecting well-being.
45) Science (Scientific):
Science denotes a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge through testable explanations and predictions. In the Ayurvedic framework, integrating scientific methodologies enhances the credibility and effectiveness of traditional practices, making it relevant in modern healthcare settings.
46) Kalaratri (Kala-ratri):
Kalaratri refers to a specific diety or form of energy associated with darkness or night. In relation to health, kalaratri indicates challenges during pregnancy, potentially signifying the complexity of conditions needing special care during the reproductive phase.
47) Stiffness:
Stiffness conveys lack of flexibility, referring to both physical and metaphorical rigidity. In health discussions, stiffness symbolizes barriers to wellness or movement which may need addressing through therapeutic approaches to restore balance and functionality.
48) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient holistic healing system that emphasizes balance within the body-mind-spirit continuum. Understanding Ayurvedic principles offers insights into effective health practices, emphasizing individualized care tailored to the unique constitution of each person, particularly in women's reproductive health.
49) Dharitri:
Dharitri is often a name referring to the Earth or the mother figure. In discussions of health, it symbolizes nurturing and grounding energies, important when considering the psychological and environmental factors affecting reproductive health in women.
50) Bhrashta (Bhrasta):
Bhrashta denotes loss or decline. In the context of health, identifying bhrashta conditions underlines the significance of monitoring and addressing deteriorating health states, guiding practitioners to implement preventative and restorative health measures.
51) Maithuna:
Maithuna refers to sexual union in Ayurveda, signifying an essential aspect of reproduction. Understanding maithuna emphasizes the need for respecting sexual health and educating individuals on its significance in enhancing reproductive outcomes.
52) Bhartari (Bhartarai):
Bhartari refers to maintenance or support, often relating to familial or societal structures. Its relevance in health emphasizes the necessity of robust support systems in nurturing well-being, particularly in reproductive health cases addressing Jataharini-related conditions.
53) Vatsaka:
Vatsaka translates to calf or offspring. In the discussions related to health, particularly reproductive aspects, recognizing the bonds and care for offspring emphasizes responsibilities associated with parenthood and upbringing in nurturing holistic wellness.
54) Dharma:
Dharma signifies duty or righteousness in Ayurveda. Understanding dharma highlights the importance of ethical and moral considerations in health practices, guiding individuals toward behaviors that support well-being and harmony in personal and community life.
55) Artava:
Artava denotes the menstrual fluid and signifies women's health in Ayurveda. Understanding artava is central to discussions on reproductive health, informing the approaches to managing menstrual disorders and optimizing fertility in women.
56) Kshaya (Ksaya):
Kshaya indicates depletion or reduction. In the context of health, understanding kshaya emphasizes the importance of addressing deficiencies to promote vitality, particularly in discussions involving dhatus and overall reproductive health.
57) Chanda (Chamda):
Chanda symbolizes desire or wish, often related to emotional and mental states. In the realm of Ayurveda, understanding chanda provides insights into psychological influences that can affect overall health and reproductive functions.
58) Ayasa (Ayasha):
Ayasha refers to life span or longevity. In health contexts, recognizing ayasha underscores the significance of maintaining health practices that maximize the quality and duration of life, particularly through preventive measures.
59) Nature:
Nature encompasses all living and non-living entities, representing the broader ecosystem and its impact on health. In Ayurvedic discussions, harmonizing with nature is essential for maintaining balance and ensuring optimal health outcomes.
60) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosha refers to the body’s constitutional types that govern physiological functions. Understanding doshas is central to Ayurvedic practice, informing personalized treatments based on individual imbalances and promoting wellness across all phases of life.
61) Satva (Shatva):
Satva translates to mental clarity or purity. In Ayurveda, emphasizing satva signifies the value of mental health in the overall well-being process, encouraging practices that foster positive mental states and emotional balance.
62) Ghora:
Ghora indicates ferocity or severe conditions. Recognizing ghora states in health discussions underscores the need to address intense negative influences that can affect health, particularly in the context of Jataharini and associated disorders.
63) Nidra:
Nidra means sleep and is a vital component of health. Understanding the role of nidra highlights its importance in recovery and mental health, positioning proper sleep as essential for maintaining optimal bodily functions.
64) Priya:
Priya indicates affection or love, significantly influencing emotional health. Recognizing the importance of priya relationships emphasizes the psychosocial dimensions in health management, stressing the need for supportive environments, particularly for pregnant women.
65) Sukha:
Sukha translates to happiness or ease and is a fundamental goal in Ayurvedic practice. Fostering sukha emphasizes the importance of mental well-being as integral to health, guiding holistic approaches that support joy and contentment.
66) Daivi:
Daivi signifies divine or celestial quality, often relating to auspiciousness and positive energies. Recognizing daivi influences helps practitioners incorporate spiritual considerations into health practices, particularly focusing on enhancing favorable outcomes in women’s reproductive health.
67) Shuci (Suci, Sucin, Shucin):
Suchi translates to purity or cleanliness. In Ayurveda, emphasizing suchi highlights the importance of hygiene and mental clarity in health practices, promoting overall wellness, especially for individuals facing reproductive challenges.
68) Guru:
Guru means teacher or guide, especially in spiritual and educational contexts. Recognizing the role of a guru in health emphasizes the importance of knowledge transmission and mentorship in establishing healthy practices and wellbeing.
69) Anda (Amda):
Anda denotes egg in the context of reproduction. Understanding anda is vital for discussions on fertility, emphasizing critical aspects of embryonic development and the reproductive processes in women.
70) Loka:
Loka signifies the world or realms of existence. In Ayurveda, understanding loka entails recognizing the various influences of environment and external factors on health, particularly concerning societal and familial dynamics' role in shaping individuals' well-being.
71) Mahi:
Mahi refers to the Earth or land. In health discussions, emphasizing mahi highlights the need to consider environmental conditions affecting health, guiding preventive and holistic approaches to overall wellness that are mindful of resource management.
72) Tree:
Tree represents life and growth. In health contexts, recognizing the significance of trees underscores the connection between environmental health and well-being, particularly concerning medicinal plants and their role in Ayurvedic healing practices.
73) Bird:
Birds symbolize freedom and the natural world. In health discussions, recognizing the impact of avian populations may inform strategies for maintaining ecological balance and overall health, highlighting interconnected life forms' roles in sustainability.
74) Kashyapasamhita (Kasyapasamhita, Kashyapa-samhita):
Kashyapa-samhita is a foundational Ayurvedic text authored by sage Kashyapa. It covers topics related to women’s health, including pregnancy, labor, and related disorders, informing practitioners about comprehensive approaches for care within the context of Jataharini.
75) Dhatukshaya (Dhatuksaya, Dhatu-kshaya):
Dhatu-kshaya signifies the depletion or weakening of bodily tissues. Understanding dhatu-kshaya is vital for addressing health concerns, particularly in managing reproductive health where tissue integrity and nourishment are crucial for conception and maintenance of pregnancy.
[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 140]
Other Science Concepts:
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