A review on traditional herb portulaca oleracea
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: A review on traditional herb portulaca oleracea
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Samala Sangeetha, R. Shireesh Kiran, M. Pharm., (PhD), Dr. Konde Abbulu, M. Pharm., Ph. D and Dr. Sowjanya Battu, M. Pharm., Ph. D
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: A review on traditional herb portulaca oleracea
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20203-16924
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Summary of article contents:
1) Introduction
The plant Portulaca oleracea, commonly known as Purslane, has been recognized as a medicinal herb for over 2000 years and has historical roots as a food source prior to that period. Belonging to the family Portulaceae, this annual herb is characterized by its succulent stems, dark green leaves, and yellow flowers that bloom in summer. This plant is praised for its vast range of biological activities and medicinal applications, boasting over 60 indications. The parts of Portulaca oleracea, including roots, stems, leaves, and seeds, contain rich phytochemical constituents such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, vitamins, and minerals, contributing to its classification as a medicinal food.
2) Pharmacological Activities
Portulaca oleracea possesses numerous pharmacological activities, among which its anti-ulcerogenic effects stand out. The flavonoids present in the plant, particularly kaempferol and apigenin, have been shown to exhibit strong biological activity. Studies indicate that extracts of P. oleracea may provide significant protection against gastric ulcers by enhancing gastric mucus barriers and exhibiting anti-secretory effects. Various studies report successful reductions in ulcer indices and protective effects comparable to established treatments, further highlighting the plant's significance in traditional medicine as a potential gastrointestinal protective agent.
3) Nutritional Value
The nutritional profile of Portulaca oleracea is noteworthy, as it offers a range of essential nutrients per serving. For every 100 grams, the plant provides a modest caloric content along with carbohydrates, proteins, and minimal fats. It is particularly rich in vitamins such as A, C, and several B vitamins, alongside vital minerals like calcium, iron, and magnesium. The presence of omega-3 fatty acids contributes to its reputation as a health-enhancing food. Additionally, P. oleracea serves as a source of antioxidants that combat oxidative stress, making it a valuable addition to a balanced diet for both its nutritional and medicinal benefits.
4) Uses in Cosmetics and Unani Medicine
Portulaca oleracea is increasingly incorporated into cosmetics due to its anti-aging properties and ability to promote skin health. Its high antioxidant content, derived from vitamins C and E, protects skin from oxidative damage and helps stimulate collagen production, addressing signs of aging. Similarly, in Unani medicine, the herb is recognized for its diverse therapeutic applications. It is employed for its antipyretic, diuretic, and antidiabetic properties, leveraging both its leaves and seeds for various ailments and conditions. The traditional use of P. oleracea in folk medicine underlines its potential as a natural remedy in modern health and wellness practices.
5) Conclusion
In conclusion, Portulaca oleracea stands out as a remarkable herb with rich historical significance as both a food source and a medicinal plant. Its extensive pharmacological activities, particularly its anti-ulcerogenic properties, alongside its impressive nutritional profile, highlight its broad potential for health benefits. Additionally, its application in cosmetics and traditional medicine showcases its versatility and enduring relevance. Continued research and exploration of P. oleracea could pave the way for innovative formulations in pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals, promoting its integration into contemporary health solutions.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the significance of Portulaca oleracea in traditional medicine?
Portulaca oleracea, used for over 2000 years, is recognized for treating various ailments, including dysentery, skin diseases, and fever. Its many medicinal benefits and rich nutritional value make it a significant herb in traditional medicine.
What are the main phytochemical constituents found in Portulaca oleracea?
Portulaca oleracea contains flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, organic acids, vitamins, and minerals. These compounds contribute to its numerous biological activities and health benefits.
What are some health benefits associated with Portulaca oleracea?
The herb exhibits various pharmacological activities such as anti-ulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticonvulsant effects, making it beneficial for overall health.
How does Portulaca oleracea contribute to skin health?
Rich in omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants like vitamin C, Portulaca oleracea helps keep skin hydrated, enhances elasticity, and delays aging signs, making it useful in cosmetics.
What historical uses does Portulaca oleracea have?
Historically, Portulaca oleracea has been used as food and medicine by ancient cultures. It was valued for its cooling properties and effectiveness against various digestive and infectious diseases.
Can Portulaca oleracea help in diabetes management?
Studies suggest that extracts from Portulaca oleracea may lower blood glucose levels and improve insulin sensitivity, indicating its potential role in managing diabetes.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “A review on traditional herb portulaca oleracea”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Activity:
Activity refers to the various biological and pharmacological functions exhibited by a substance. In the context of Portulaca oleracea, it indicates the diverse health benefits associated with its components, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, contributing to its significance in traditional and modern medicine.
2) Ulcer:
Ulcers are lesions that develop on mucosal surfaces and can cause pain and discomfort. The anti-ulcer properties of Portulaca oleracea highlight its significance in treating gastric and intestinal ulcers, offering natural options for digestive health.
3) Blood:
Blood is the fluid that circulates in the body's vascular system, delivering essential nutrients and oxygen to cells while removing waste products. The medicinal qualities of Portulaca oleracea include potential effects on blood-related conditions, such as anemia (due to its iron content) and various bleeding disorders.
4) Study (Studying):
A study is a systematic examination or analysis of a subject to gain knowledge, validate theories or explore new aspects. Numerous studies have demonstrated the extensive benefits of Portulaca oleracea, examining its phytochemistry, pharmacological effects, and traditional uses in various cultures, thus reinforcing its relevance.
5) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds found in plants that contribute to their color, flavor, and disease resistance. Portulaca oleracea contains a variety of phytochemicals, such as flavonoids and terpenoids, which exhibit significant health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities.
6) Toxicity:
Toxicity refers to the degree to which a substance can harm humans or animals. While Portulaca oleracea has beneficial effects, awareness of its potential toxicity, especially due to compounds like oxalic acid, is essential for safe consumption to prevent adverse health effects.
7) Mineral:
Minerals are essential elements that play a critical role in human health, aiding in processes like bone formation, fluid balance, and oxygen transport. Portulaca oleracea is noted for its high mineral content, including calcium and iron, contributing to its nutritional profile and health benefits.
8) Surface:
Surface refers to the outermost layer of an object. In the context of Portulaca oleracea, it may relate to the plant's leaves, where phenomena such as stomata culminate, impacting gas exchange, moisture retention, and, consequently, the plant's growth and medicinal properties.
9) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological pertains to the study of drugs and their actions on living organisms. The pharmacological investigations of Portulaca oleracea have uncovered its diverse effects, including antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities, underscoring its therapeutic potential in modern medicine.
10) Inflammation:
Inflammation is the body's response to injury or harmful stimuli, often resulting in redness, swelling, and pain. Portulaca oleracea's anti-inflammatory properties make it valuable in treating conditions exacerbated by inflammation, enhancing its role in both traditional and contemporary pharmacotherapy.
11) Medicine:
Medicines are substances used for medical treatment, alleviating symptoms or curing diseases. Portulaca oleracea has been recognized in various traditional medicinal systems, contributing to its classification as a natural medicine with multiple therapeutic applications.
12) Disease:
Disease is a pathological condition of a bodily part resulting from various causes, manifesting in symptoms. Research on Portulaca oleracea indicates its effectiveness against various diseases, reinforcing its use in preventive and therapeutic modalities across different cultures.
13) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a class of phytochemicals found in many plants that exhibit various biological activities. In Portulaca oleracea, flavonoids contribute to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, underscoring their importance in promoting health and preventing diseases.
14) Bleeding:
Bleeding refers to the loss of blood from the circulatory system, potentially leading to serious health issues. Portulaca oleracea has traditional uses related to its purported ability to aid in managing bleeding disorders, highlighting its role in promoting hemostatic health.
15) Cina:
China has a rich history of herbal medicine, with Portulaca oleracea being a significant component of traditional remedies for various ailments. Its use in China dates back centuries, reflecting its longstanding recognition as a valuable medicinal herb.
16) Rich (Rch):
Rich pertains to a high level of a particular quality or resource. Portulaca oleracea is rich in nutrients, containing high levels of vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals that contribute to its health-promoting properties, making it an important dietary addition.
17) Fever:
Fever is a temporary increase in body temperature, often indicating an illness. Portulaca oleracea has a history of traditional use in managing fevers, showcasing its properties as an antipyretic agent in various herbal remedies.
18) Species:
Species is a basic unit of biological classification, encompassing organisms that can interbreed. Portulaca oleracea is one of the key species within the Portulaca genus, notable for its medicinal and nutritional properties across cultures.
19) Aureus:
Aureus refers to the species Staphylococcus aureus, a common bacterium implicated in various infections. Portulaca oleracea exhibits antimicrobial effects against such pathogens, emphasizing its potential role in addressing bacterial infections in herbal medicine.
20) Family:
Family is a taxonomic rank in the biological classification system. Portulaca oleracea belongs to the Portulacaceae family, which consists of several genera and species, underscoring its botanical relationship and relevance to the study of medicinal plants.
21) Water:
Water is a vital substance for life, involved in various physiological processes. In the context of Portulaca oleracea, the plant requires ample water for growth, and its hydrophilic properties contribute to its robust anatomy and medicinal efficacy.
22) Food:
Food provides essential nutrients for maintaining health and vitality. Portulaca oleracea, besides its medicinal uses, serves as a nutritious food source, offering vitamins and minerals that enhance overall dietary quality.
23) Diet:
Diet refers to the usual foods and drinks consumed by an individual. Integrating Portulaca oleracea into diets can provide antioxidants and essential nutrients that contribute to overall health and wellness, reinforcing the link between nutrition and health.
24) Soil:
Soil is the upper layer of earth where plants grow, consisting of organic matter, minerals, gases, and liquids. The growth of Portulaca oleracea is influenced by soil quality, with well-drained soils enhancing its medicinal and nutritional potential.
25) Substance:
Substances refer to specific forms of matter that have distinct properties. The bioactive substances found in Portulaca oleracea contribute to its therapeutic effects, making it a subject of interest in both pharmacological and nutritional studies.
26) India:
India has a rich tradition of using herbal remedies, with Portulaca oleracea recognized for its medicinal properties. Its incorporation in Indian medicine reflects the cultural significance and herbal diversity within traditional healing practices.
27) Field:
Fields refer to areas of land, often dedicated to agriculture. Portulaca oleracea is commonly found in various fields, indicating its relevance as a crop with both dietary and medicinal value.
28) Genu:
Genu primarily refers to the knee or a bend, typically in anatomical discussions. While not explicitly mentioned regarding Portulaca oleracea, this term could emerge in contexts where discussions of body functions, forms, or medicinal applications related to movement are considered.
29) Beta:
Beta can refer to various compounds or forms, including beta-carotene, an important nutrient found in many plants. While not directly referenced in the study of Portulaca oleracea, understanding beta compounds is relevant in nutritional contexts wherein this plant's benefits are examined.
30) Line:
Line can refer to various contexts such as lineage, classification, or drawing connections. In the relationship between Portulaca oleracea and other plants, the concept of line is used to understand taxonomic relationships and the historical lineage of its uses in herbal medicine.
31) Worm:
Worms refer to various parasitic organisms, often negatively impacting health. Portulaca oleracea has been traditionally used in several cultures to address worm infestations, showcasing its historical significance in parasitology and herbal medicine.
32) Male:
Male refers to the gender of organisms that produce small mobile gametes, often relevant in reproductive studies. In the context of herbal medicine, references to male could emerge in studies concerning reproductive health where Portulaca oleracea's properties are applied.
33) Ancient Rome:
Ancient Rome is significant in the history of herbal medicine, where various plants, including Portulaca oleracea, were utilized for treating health conditions. Its historical context enriches the understanding of the plant’s medicinal heritage and continued relevance.
34) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibacterial denotes substances that inhibit bacterial growth. The antibacterial properties of Portulaca oleracea make it a valuable herb in treating infections, showcasing its relevance to both traditional and modern medical practices.
35) Science (Scientific):
Scientific relates to systematic and methodical investigation. Research on Portulaca oleracea follows scientific methods, validating its traditional uses and providing evidence for its efficacy and safety as a medicinal herb.
36) Swelling:
Swelling is a localized enlargement of a body part due to fluid accumulation or inflammation. The application of Portulaca oleracea for treating swelling indicates its anti-inflammatory properties, highlighting its utilization in traditional remedies.
37) Indian:
Indian refers to anything related to India, including culture, language, and heritage. The use of Portulaca oleracea in Indian traditional medicine illustrates its integral role within the nation's rich herbal history and diverse medicinal practices.
38) Lonika:
Lonika is a vernacular name for Portulaca oleracea in the Sanskrit language, showcasing its cultural and linguistic significance. Understanding these names provides insight into the historical relationships between the plant and various Indian traditions.
39) Samala (Shamala):
Samala likely refers to a specific cultural or regional context associated with Portulaca oleracea. Such terms often carry historical and traditional significance, enriching the understanding of the plant's role across different cultures.
40) Powder:
Powder refers to finely ground substances, often used in medicinal preparations. Portulaca oleracea can be ground into powder for easier consumption and incorporation into herbal formulations, enhancing its accessibility as a health supplement.
41) Honey:
Honey is a natural substance produced by bees, known for its sweet flavor and health benefits. The combination of Portulaca oleracea with honey in traditional remedies reflects the holistic approach to healing prevalent in many cultures.
42) Table:
Table may refer to a structured data presentation. In studies involving Portulaca oleracea, tables can summarize findings, such as nutritional content or pharmacological effects, aiding in concise communication of critical information.
43) Drug:
A drug is any substance that, when introduced into the body, alters physiological functions. Portulaca oleracea has been recognized for its potential as a natural drug alternative, contributing to therapeutic practices across various cultures.
44) Hela (Helá):
Hela pertains to human papillomavirus (HPV) associated with cervical cancer. Research on Portulaca oleracea may investigate its effects against cancer cell lines like Hela, highlighting its potential in cancer treatment
45) Sign:
Sign can denote an indication or symptom of a condition. In studies of Portulaca oleracea, signs of its effectiveness might include alleviation of symptoms or improvement in health indicators, supporting its medicinal use.
46) Crop:
A crop is a cultivated plant grown for food, fiber, or other uses. Portulaca oleracea’s role as a crop not only contributes to agricultural diversity but also emphasizes its nutritional value as an edible plant.
47) Sour:
Sour describes a taste that is sharp or acidic. The flavor profile of Portulaca oleracea contributes to its culinary applications, enhancing dishes while providing nutritional and medicinal benefits.
48) Observation:
An observation is a specific finding noted during study. Observations of the medicinal properties and benefits of Portulaca oleracea enhance knowledge of its potential applications in healthcare and herbal medicine.
49) Performance:
Performance indicates the effectiveness or efficiency of a particular action. Understanding the performance of Portulaca oleracea in various therapeutic applications elucidates its role in improving health outcomes.
50) Anti-aging:
Anti-aging refers to the prevention or reduction of the effects of aging. Portulaca oleracea is considered beneficial in cosmetic applications for its high antioxidant content, potentially reducing signs of aging and promoting skin health.
51) Harvesting (Harvest):
Harvesting is the process of collecting mature crops for consumption. The harvesting of Portulaca oleracea ensures that nutritional and medicinal benefits are maximized, reinforcing its role in dietary practices.
52) Knowledge:
Knowledge encompasses the information and understanding gained through study or experience. The knowledge surrounding Portulaca oleracea enhances the appreciation of its ecological, nutritional, and medicinal significance.
53) Cleansing:
Cleansing refers to the process of removing impurities or toxins. The use of Portulaca oleracea in detoxification practices reflects its perceived value in promoting bodily cleansing and overall health.
54) Himalaya (Hima-alaya):
Himalaya refers to the mountainous region where diverse flora, including Portulaca oleracea, is found. Understanding its distribution contributes to knowledge of the plant's ecology and traditional uses among Himalayan communities.
55) Learning:
Learning is the acquisition of knowledge or skills through study and experience. Research on Portulaca oleracea exemplifies the learning process in understanding its medicinal properties and integrating them into contemporary practices.
56) Relative:
Relative denotes a connection or comparison to another entity. The relative benefits of Portulaca oleracea compared to other herbs elucidate its unique properties and roles in herbal medicine.
57) Pregnant:
Pregnant refers to the condition of carrying a developing fetus. The implications of Portulaca oleracea use during pregnancy must be understood to ensure safety and efficacy for expectant mothers.
58) Scorpion:
Scorpion typically refers to a venomous arachnid. In herbal medicine, the topical application of Portulaca oleracea juice for scorpion stings reflects its historical use for treating venomous bites and stings, showcasing its versatility.
59) Sanskrit:
Sanskrit is an ancient language of India, often used in traditional texts. The vernacular names of Portulaca oleracea in Sanskrit illustrate its longstanding significance in the cultural and medicinal heritage of India.
60) Kannada:
Kannada is a language spoken in the Indian state of Karnataka. The vernacular name for Portulaca oleracea in Kannada highlights its regional importance and reflects the plant's cultural significance within local communities.
61) Lonamla:
Lonamla is a term associated with Portulaca oleracea, often used within the context of traditional medicines. This vernacular name underscores the plant's historical applications and its relevance within the Indian healing traditions.
62) Bengali:
Bengali is a language predominantly spoken in the Indian state of West Bengal and Bangladesh. The vernacular names for Portulaca oleracea in Bengali indicate its cultural importance and traditional uses in the region.
63) Writing:
Writing refers to the act of recording or inscribing information. The documentation of the medicinal properties and uses of Portulaca oleracea through writing conveys valuable heritage knowledge and preserves its historical significance.
64) Habitat:
Habitat refers to the natural environment where organisms live. Understanding the habitat of Portulaca oleracea helps define its ecological requirements and highlights the environmental aspects that contribute to its growth and medicinal properties.
65) Cutting:
Cutting involves severing a plant to propagate it or manage its growth. The practice of cutting Portulaca oleracea for cultivation emphasizes its potential for both culinary and medicinal uses.
66) Beating:
Beating may relate to a method of processing plants or a way to apply remedies. The traditional uses of Portulaca oleracea in various preparations reflect historical practices that may involve beating for extraction or application.
67) Anxiety:
Anxiety is a mental health condition characterized by feelings of worry, fear, or unease. Traditional uses of Portulaca oleracea might address symptoms associated with anxiety, underscoring its relevance in holistic healing practices.
68) Animal:
Animal is a living organism that is not a plant. The study of Portulaca oleracea's effects on animals provides critical insights into its pharmacological attributes and potential therapeutic applications.
69) Nayaka:
Nayaka may refer to a traditional healer or village leader in Indian contexts. Understanding the role of individuals like Nayaka in promoting herbal remedies like Portulaca oleracea enriches perspectives on herbal medicine's societal significance.
70) Payala (Payala°):
Payala is another vernacular name for Portulaca oleracea, often reflecting local uses. Such names emphasize the cultural relevance and historical context of the plant in different Indian regions.
71) Summer:
Summer refers to the warmest season of the year, which can influence plant growth. The thriving conditions of Portulaca oleracea in summer highlight its adaptability and significance in agriculture and herbal remedies.
72) Medium:
Medium can refer to a means or method of communication or expression. In the context of Portulaca oleracea, exploring its use in various mediums of traditional knowledge can help disseminate information about its health benefits.
73) Thirst:
Thirst is a physiological need for water. Traditional uses of Portulaca oleracea may address excessive thirst, showcasing its application in managing hydration and related symptoms.
74) Filling (Filled):
Filled refers to the state of being occupied or containing a substance. Understanding how Portulaca oleracea is filled with nutrients and bioactive compounds emphasizes its role in nutrition and health.
75) Shiva (Siva):
Shiva may refer to a deity in Hinduism or the cultural heritage of India. In herbal practices, reverence for plants like Portulaca oleracea showcases the continued integration of spirituality and natural remedies.
[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 89]