Antimicrobial activity of Turnera aphrodisiaca ethanol extract

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Antimicrobial activity of Turnera aphrodisiaca ethanol extract”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Activity:
Activity refers to the functional capacity of a substance, particularly in pharmacology and microbiology studies. In the context of the research outlined, it pertains to the ability of the ethanol extract of Turnera aphrodisiaca to exert antimicrobial effects against specified microorganisms, which is critical for assessing potential therapeutic applications of the plant extract.

2) Aureus:
Aureus is a Latin term that means 'golden'. In microbiology, it references Staphylococcus aureus, a common bacterium that can cause various infections in humans. The relevance stems from its inclusion as a test organism in the study, where the extract's effectiveness against this pathogen is evaluated.

3) Table:
Table refers to a systematic arrangement of data in rows and columns. In this research, tables are utilized to present quantitative results, such as the zones of inhibition and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of the ethanol extract against various microorganisms, allowing for easy comparison and analysis of the results.

4) Family:
Family in botanical and biological classification denotes a group of related organisms that share common characteristics. In this study, Turneraceae is identified as the family for Turnera aphrodisiaca, providing context for the plant's classification, related species, and potential shared properties that may influence its medicinal benefits.

5) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibacterial describes the ability of a substance to inhibit the growth of bacteria or kill them outright. This term is central to the study as the ethanol extract's antibacterial effectiveness against various pathogenic bacteria offers insights into its potential applications in treating bacterial infections, supporting its traditional medicinal use.

6) Bhuta:
Bhuta is a geographical reference to the location, in this case, Bhuta in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India, where the S.R. Institute of Pharmacy is located. This contextual information is relevant for understanding the researcher's affiliation and the environmental or regional significance of the plant material being studied.

7) Kumar:
Kumar is a common surname or given name in India, often used to denote a male individual. In the context of this study, Atul Kumar Gangwar is a contributing author, indicating his role in the research and highlighting the collaborative nature of scientific investigations that often feature multiple contributors.

8) Drug:
Drugs refer to substances that produce an effect in the body, particularly those used in the treatment or prevention of diseases. In the research context, the term emphasizes the role of both the ethanol extract and established pharmaceutical drugs in the evaluation of antimicrobial potential, setting a foundation for comparisons.

9) New Delhi:
New Delhi, the capital city of India, is significant in this context as it is identified as the location of Central Drug House (P) Ltd., the supplier of reference standards for the study. This indicates the sourcing of pharmaceutical products is accessible and pertinent to the study's rigorous standards.

10) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the section in scientific reports where results are interpreted, implications are examined, and context is provided. In this research, the discussion likely evaluates the findings related to the antimicrobial potential of the extract, placing them within existing literature and suggesting future research directions or applications.

11) Depression:
Depression is a mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and lack of interest. This term's relevance arises from its mention as one of the traditional uses of Turnera aphrodisiaca, suggesting the plant’s historical association with treating mood disorders, thereby emphasizing its medicinal importance.

12) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a class of compounds widely distributed in the plant kingdom known for various biological activities. Their mention in the research indicates the potential chemical constituents of Turnera aphrodisiaca that may contribute to its pharmacological effects, particularly in antimicrobial activity and other health benefits.

13) Medicine:
Medicine refers to substances used to diagnose, treat, or prevent diseases. Its relevance in the study lies in Turnera aphrodisiaca's traditional use and its exploration as a potential source of new antimicrobial agents, bridging the gap between ethnopharmacology and modern drug development.

14) Debility:
Debility refers to a state of physical weakness or lack of strength, often due to illness. In this study, it is related to the traditional uses of Turnera aphrodisiaca, particularly in treating sexual debility, which underscores the plant's historical significance in herbal medicine and its implications for human health.

15) Neurosis:
Neurosis describes a variety of psychological conditions characterized by anxiety and emotional distress. Its mention emphasizes the traditional applications of Turnera aphrodisiaca in managing mental health issues, highlighting the plant's significance not only in physical health but also in psychological wellness.

16) Disease:
Disease, in a broader context, signifies a disruption of normal bodily functions, resulting in altered health. Its relevance in this study is reflected in the exploration of Turnera aphrodisiaca's phytochemical properties and their potential to address various infectious diseases, thereby contributing to the field of antimicrobial research.

17) Anxiety:
Anxiety refers to a state of excessive worry or fear that can interfere with daily activities. Its inclusion highlights the historical uses of Turnera aphrodisiaca as a remedy for anxiety disorders, showcasing the plant’s potential as a natural therapeutic option for improving mental health.

18) Saxena (Sakshena, Saksena):
Saxena is another surname representing one of the authors involved in the research. Pratiush Saxena's inclusion emphasizes collaboration in the study and demonstrates the collective effort of multiple researchers in generating knowledge on the antimicrobial properties of Turnera aphrodisiaca.

19) Thomas:
Thomas is likely a reference to one of the contributors to previous studies or traditional medicinal texts. The mention may indicate the historical underpinning of the plant’s applications and the relevance of reviewing literature while conducting contemporary research on its properties.

20) Delhi:
Delhi is a major metropolitan area in India, serving as a hub for education, research, and pharmaceuticals. Its mention in the text connects the study to a larger academic and regulatory context, establishing a relevance of research drawn from the geographical and industrial resources uniquely present there.

21) India:
India is the country where the study is conducted and where the plant Turnera aphrodisiaca is found. Its cultural and ecological context is crucial as it often involves a blend of traditional knowledge and modern research methodologies, advocating the importance of indigenous plants in healthcare.

22) House:
House, in this context, pertains to the Central Drug House (P) Ltd., indicating a pharmaceutical entity involved in supplying reference materials for the study. The mention stresses the role of commercial entities in supporting scientific research by providing necessary substances for testing.

23) Post:
Post is usually used to denote something that comes after a specific event. Within the findings, it indicates the steps taken after certain conditions, like evaluating the cultures after incubation, guiding the procedure of obtaining results for the antimicrobial assays.

24) Male:
Male signifies a gender, often used in biological and medical contexts to distinguish between sexes. Its relevance here refers to the animal model used in studies of Turnera aphrodisiaca's effectiveness, particularly concerning its reported effects in male sexual health, broadening the application scope of the plant.