Aquatic and wetland biodiversity of Lakhani, Bhandara, M.S.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Aquatic and wetland biodiversity of lakhani village, bhandara district, m. s. india
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Manmohan S. Bhaisare
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Aquatic and wetland biodiversity of lakhani village, bhandara district, m. s. india
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20206-17144
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The study conducted by Manmohan S. Bhaisare focuses on the aquatic and wetland biodiversity of Lakhani village in the Bhandara district of Maharashtra, India, covering a range from 2005 to 2016. The primary aim is to explore the flora in the aquatic ecosystems of the area, particularly hydrophytes, due to the increasing pollution led by urbanization and industrialization. The investigation reveals the urgent need for conservation efforts to protect endemic and endangered plant species in this vital ecosystem.
Understanding Hydrophyte Diversity
One of the key findings of this research is the documentation of hydrophyte diversity in Lakhani village. A total of 88 hydrophobic plant species belonging to various families and genera were identified. This aquatic biodiversity is crucial as it supports the region's ecological health. The identification and classification of these plants were conducted through extensive field surveys and herbarium techniques, utilizing resources from various botanical references. The research highlights the rich variety of submerged and floating aquatic plants that contribute to the overall ecological structure of the water bodies.
The Impact of Human Activity
Another critical concept addressed in this study is the ecological impact of human activities, particularly pollution from industrialization and urban growth around Lakhani. The natural water resources, including lakes and ponds that rely on seasonal rainfall, have been adversely affected. The study points out that the recorded rainfall in Lakhani was about 1800 mm in 2011, yet the environmental conditions have deteriorated. This situation poses a threat to the flora and fauna, necessitating immediate conservation initiatives to alleviate the negative impacts caused by anthropogenic factors.
Detailed Observations and Categorization
The research goes on to categorize the observed aquatic plants based on their characteristics and environmental adaptations. This includes submerged aquatics, rooted vegetations with floating leaves, free-floating plants, and species growing along the lake's margins. Each category reveals the specific adaptations of various species to their habitats. Notably, the family Cyperiaceae was identified as the dominant family, illustrating the diverse interactions and ecological significance of these plant communities within their aquatic environments.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the investigation into the aquatic and wetland biodiversity of Lakhani village has underscored the vital role that these ecosystems play in maintaining ecological balance and supporting biodiversity. With a recorded 88 species of hydrophytes, the necessity for ongoing research and conservation efforts becomes clear. Challenge factors such as pollution and habitat degradation emphasize the urgency of protecting these unique plant species and their habitats to ensure the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems in the future.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the focus of the study on Lakhani village's biodiversity?
The study investigates the aquatic and wetland plant biodiversity of Lakhani village, Bhandara district, exploring hydrophyte species and their conservation due to environmental threats.
How many plant species were identified in Lakhani village?
The investigation collected and identified approximately 88 hydrophyte plant species belonging to various families and genera during field visits from 2005 to 2016.
What types of water bodies are present in Lakhani village?
Lakhani village features various water bodies, including a central earthen pond, seasonal ponds, and several smaller reservoirs, all reliant on annual rainfall for water supply.
What are the main threats to Lakhani's aquatic ecosystems?
Rapid industrialization, urbanization, and population growth in the area have led to pollution of the water bodies, negatively impacting the growth of flora and fauna.
Which family of plants was found to be dominant in the study?
The dominant plant family identified in the study was Cyperiaceae, with various genera observed among the 88 plants collected from the aquatic and wetland habitats.
What methodology was used for the plant identification in the study?
Field visits were conducted multiple times over different seasons, with collected specimens identified using various floras and conventional herbarium techniques to ensure accurate identification.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Aquatic and wetland biodiversity of Lakhani, Bhandara, M.S.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Water:
Water is a critical component of aquatic ecosystems, serving as a habitat for hydrophytic plants and influencing biodiversity. The study highlights how water bodies in Lakhani village are both a resource and a subject of conservation due to pollution and environmental changes affecting native species.
2) Village:
The village of Lakhani serves as the focal point of the study, representing a micro-ecosystem rich in aquatic and wetland biodiversity. Its cultural significance and geographical characteristics contribute to the complexities of plant species interactions and conservation needs within the area.
3) Field:
Field studies were conducted extensively from 2005 to 2016, allowing for direct observation of hydrophytes in their natural habitats. Such fieldwork is essential for accurate data collection, identifying plant species and understanding their ecological relationships within the aquatic environment.
4) Species:
Species are the fundamental units of biodiversity, with the study documenting 88 different plant species in Lakhani's aquatic habitats. Understanding species composition is vital for conservation efforts, particularly for rare and endangered plants, and is a key focus in the investigation.
5) Study (Studying):
The study is a comprehensive investigation into the aquatic and wetland biodiversity of Lakhani village. It aims to provide a detailed floristic analysis, raise awareness about conservation issues, and underscore the importance of these ecosystems in maintaining ecological balance and supporting local biodiversity.
6) Surface:
The surface of water bodies is critical for aquatic plant life as it affects photosynthesis and habitat availability. Various species, such as Nymphea and Nelumbo, thrive by utilizing the water surface for growth, demonstrating the importance of surface conditions in aquatic ecosystems.
7) Visit:
Field visits were a key component of the research methodology, allowing for hands-on data collection and real-time observation of species. These visits were conducted across different seasons, maximizing the chance of identifying a diverse array of hydrophytic plants.
8) Bhandara (Bhamdara):
Bhandara is the district in Maharashtra, India, where Lakhani village is located. The region is known for its numerous water bodies, which play a vital role in supporting biodiversity. The study showcases the specific aquatic conditions and species found in this geographical context.
9) India:
India's diverse geographical and climatic conditions influence its biodiversity, including aquatic plants. The study in Lakhani village highlights the broader implications of conserving hydrophytes in India and reflects the country's rich botanical heritage amid challenges like industrialization and pollution.
10) Observation:
Observation is a crucial aspect of field studies, allowing researchers to record the presence and condition of various plant species. It forms the basis for data analysis and helps in identifying relationships among species and their habitat in the aquatic ecosystem.
11) Science (Scientific):
Science provides the framework for this research, applying systematic methods to explore biodiversity. The study draws on various scientific principles in botany and ecology to analyze plant species, their interactions, and the conservation implications of aquatic and wetland ecosystems.
12) Family:
In botanical classification, families group species with shared characteristics. The study noted that the dominant family among the collected taxa is Cyperiaceae, emphasizing the importance of such classifications in understanding ecological relationships and directing conservation efforts.
13) Botany:
Botany, the scientific study of plants, serves as the foundational discipline for the research conducted in Lakhani village. By applying botanical knowledge, the study analyzes aquatic and wetland flora, contributing to the field’s understanding of species diversity and conservation strategies.
14) Patil:
Patil refers to Late Nirdhan Patil Waghaye Science College, the institution affiliated with the research. This association underscores the importance of academic institutions in promoting research and education related to biodiversity and environmental conservation in the region.
15) Solanum xanthocarpum:
Solanum xanthocarpum is one of the plant species found in Lakhani. Documenting specific species like this highlights the biodiversity present in the region and the importance of each species in the local ecosystem, as well as their potential medicinal properties.
16) Nelumbo nucifera:
Nelumbo nucifera, also known as the Indian lotus, is a prominent aquatic plant in Lakhani's lakes. Its presence indicates healthy aquatic ecosystems, and it serves both ecological functions, such as providing habitat, and cultural significance in local traditions.
17) Discussion:
Discussion in the context of the study refers to the analysis of findings and implications of biodiversity observations. Engaging in discussion allows researchers to interpret data effectively, share insights on ecological concerns, and advocate for conservation practices based on observed trends.
18) Mineral:
Minerals play a vital role in aquatic ecosystem health, influencing water quality and supporting plant growth. The study notes concerns about mineral balance due to pollution and anthropogenic activities, emphasizing the need to monitor and manage these elements.
19) Pinata:
Pinata refers to Azolla pinata, a pteridophyte observed in the study. Such species contribute to ecosystem functions like nitrogen fixation and provide habitat and food for aquatic organisms, highlighting the ecological significance of diverse plant life.
20) Sharman (Sarma, Sharma, Sarman):
Sharma refers to a cited author within the study's methodology, indicating collaboration and established research practices. The inclusion of various floras demonstrates the extensive foundational work on which this study is built, providing credibility and depth to the research methods employed.
21) Earth:
Earth, in this context, symbolizes the fundamental component of all ecosystems, including aquatic environments. The study emphasizes the interrelationship between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, advocating for sustainable practices that protect both land and water resources.
22) Paddy:
Paddy fields surrounding Lakhani village contribute to the village's landscape and influence local biodiversity. The interplay between agricultural practices and wetland ecosystems provides a unique context for studying the effects of human activity on aquatic plant species.
23) Natan:
Natan likely refers to Aponogeton natans, a species integral to the aquatic ecosystem of Lakhani village. Understanding the role of such species in structure and function contributes to the broader knowledge of aquatic plant dynamics and conservation needs.
24) Genu:
Genu lacks direct reference within the provided text. Clarification of its context may require supplementary information; however, it could symbolize a concept or a specific plant group within the ecological framework of the study.
25) Natu (Nate):
Natu could refer to a variety of contexts, possibly a variant of Aponogeton or localized knowledge on species. Contextual clarity is needed to ascertain the relevance in botanical studies, but it points toward the necessity of localized understanding of species.
26) Tora:
Tora refers to Cassia tora, a species noted for its ecological and potential medicinal properties. Its presence in the study underlines the importance of recognizing diverse plant species for their contributions to both local ecosystems and human use.
27) Tank:
Tank signifies the water bodies within Lakhani village that support aquatic biodiversity. The health and management of these tanks are critical for conservation efforts and the overall balance of local ecosystems.
28) Pune:
Pune, mentioned as a cultural referent, signifies the educational and cultural backdrop of the region, drawing a connection between urban development and the conservation of natural environments in surrounding villages like Lakhani.