Concept of the parpati kalpana

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Concept of the parpati kalpana
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Author:

Dr. Deepak Kumar Tiwari, Dr. Sankalp Singh and Dr. Saurabh Tiwari


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: Concept of the parpati kalpana

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr202014-19175


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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The Parpati Kalpana, a specialized formulation in Ayurvedic Rasashastra, represents a unique method for transforming mercury (Parada) into a stable, therapeutic flake form. This process involves the integration of Parada with shuddha Gandhaka (purified sulphur) and the application of heat, which mitigates the inherent instability (Chanchalatva) and difficulty of handling (Durgrahatva) associated with mercury. The resulting preparation not only eliminates toxic properties but enhances its therapeutic capabilities, making Parpati Kalpana a critical element in Ayurvedic medicinal formulations.

The Concept of Parpati Kalpana

Parpati Kalpana is recognized for its flake-like structure, which is achieved through a meticulous preparation process that combines and processes mercury and sulphur. The act of binding mercury, referred to as Parada Bandha, allows for the creation of a stable form that can be effectively utilized in treating various ailments. The method itself is categorized under Murchana, a process aimed at detoxifying and enhancing the therapeutic properties of Parada. Parpati is thus distinguished by its specific preparation techniques and the unique involvement of ingredients that contribute to a wide spectrum of medicinal applications.

Classification and Types of Parpati

Parpati formulations can be classified based on their composition and the inclusion of different ingredients. The primary categories include those containing both mercury and sulphur (e.g., Rasa Parpati, Loha Parpati), those that exclude these elements (e.g., Shweta Parpati), and those mixed with kajjali or other herbal constituents (e.g., Vijaya Parpati). Additionally, Parpati can be classified into Sagandha (with sulphur) and Nirgandha (without sulphur), demonstrating the versatility and adaptability of the formulation across different medicinal contexts.

The Method of Preparation

The preparation of Parpati involves several critical steps, beginning with the creation of kajjali, a mixture of purified mercury and sulphur ground into a fine powder. Subsequently, this is placed between banana leaves and on a platform made of cow dung, to solidify into flakes when cooled. Various heating methods and platforms, as well as the application of ghee (ghrita) for lubrication, help to facilitate the preparation while enhancing the quality and stability of the final product. Different conditions during production can yield variations in the physical properties of Parpati, such as the pursuing of specific cooking phases that determine its intended medicinal use.

Conclusion

Parpati Kalpana is an exemplary illustration of the transformative capabilities inherent in Ayurvedic practices. By skillfully combining mercury with sulphur and employing precise preparation techniques, Parpati not only maintains therapeutic efficacy but also broadens its application potential across a range of medical conditions, from childhood diseases to geriatric ailments. The formulation stands as a testament to the intricate knowledge of herbal and metallic properties within Ayurveda, emphasizing traditional wisdom's relevance and application in contemporary health care practices.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is Parpati Kalpana in Ayurvedic medicine?

Parpati Kalpana is a unique mercurial formulation in Rasashastra, aimed at stabilizing the properties of mercury and enhancing its therapeutic effectiveness. It involves the binding of mercury with sulphur and is known for its flake-like structure.

What ingredients are used in preparing Parpati Kalpana?

Essential ingredients include purified mercury (parada) and sulphur (gandhaka), which, when combined and processed using heat, neutralize the toxic properties of mercury and enhance its medicinal qualities.

How is Parpati Kalpana prepared?

Parpati Kalpana is prepared by first creating kajjali and then melting it on a platform made of cow dung, pressed into flakes using banana leaves. The process requires specific materials and careful heat management.

What are the therapeutic benefits of Parpati Kalpana?

Parpati Kalpana is used to treat various ailments, including digestive disorders, skin diseases, and other conditions like Grahani and Rajayakshma. Its processed form enhances absorption and therapeutic effectiveness.

What is the significance of the fermentation process in Parpati Kalpana?

The fermentation process, known as murchana, is crucial because it helps remove impurities from mercury, which changes its physical and chemical properties, making it suitable for medicinal use.

What analytical tests are performed on Parpati Kalpana?

Analytical tests for Parpati include identification through microscopy, chemical tests, and assessing its physico-chemical properties like loss on drying, total ash, and tests for heavy metals to ensure safety and efficacy.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Concept of the parpati kalpana”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Parpati:
Parpati refers to a unique flake form of mercurial preparation in Ayurveda, specifically under the medicinal branch of Rasashastra. It utilizes mercury (Parada) and sulphur (Gandhaka) which, when processed properly, mitigates the toxic properties and enhances therapeutic benefits, making it valuable for various health conditions.

2) Rasa (Rasha):
In the context of Ayurvedic medicine, 'Rasa' denotes the alchemical science that deals with minerals and metals. Rasa formulations manipulate substances, primarily metals, to create medicinal compounds aimed at balancing bodily doshas and improving overall health. It underscores the significance of elemental properties in treatments.

3) Patra:
Patra, meaning 'leaf' in Sanskrit, is often used in the context of preparing Parpati. Specific leaves like Kadali (banana) are employed to shape and facilitate the formation of Parpati flakes, indicating a blend of natural materials with pharmacological practices in Rasa Shastra.

4) Kajjali:
Kajjali is a finely triturated mixture of Parada (mercury) and Gandhaka (sulphur), forming the foundational base for Parpati preparations. This amalgamation transforms the toxic properties of mercury, yielding a safe therapeutic agent suitable for treating various ailments once processed into Parpati.

5) Kalpana:
Kalpana refers to the formulation process in Ayurveda, indicating how specific medicinal preparations are crafted. The term underscores the art of merging ingredients in specific proportions and preparing them with required techniques, essential for creating effective Ayurvedic medicines like Parpati.

6) Parada:
Parada is mercury, a crucial ingredient in several Ayurvedic formulations, particularly in Rasashastra. Its unique properties allow for the creation of potent remedies when processed correctly, leading to therapeutic forms like Parpati that leverage its benefits while minimizing toxicity.

7) Kadali:
Kadali, or banana, signifies the leaves used in Parpati preparation. These leaves serve as a pressing platform during the flake formation process, showcasing the significance of natural materials in traditional Ayurvedic manufacturing, helping preserve the therapeutic properties of the mixtures.

8) Paka:
Paka refers to the cooking or heating process involved in the preparation of Ayurvedic formulations. In context with Parpati, it is essential in defining the texture and medicinal potency of the product, highlighting the traditional methods utilized in Rasa Shastra.

9) Gomaya:
Gomaya, or cow dung, is utilized as a platform in Parpati preparation. Its unique physical properties enhance the process by facilitating the rapid cooling and solidification of molten Kajjali into flakes, demonstrating the significance of using natural materials in medicinal preparations.

10) Loha:
Loha translates to iron and refers to various metals used in Ayurvedic formulations. In Parpati, it can be combined with Kajjali for specific therapeutic effects, illustrating the importance of metallic constituents in creating balanced and effective herbal medicines.

11) Gandhaka (Gamdhaka):
Gandhaka, meaning sulphur, is an essential component in several Ayurvedic preparations, including Parpati. Its combination with Parada transforms toxic mercury into a beneficial form, showcasing the significant role of this element in enhancing the therapeutic properties of medicinal formulations.

12) Darvi:
Darvi denotes a specific type of vessel or tool used in the preparation of Parpati. The material and design of Darvi influence the efficacy and safety of the drug, which emphasizes the importance of appropriate utensils in Ayurvedic practices.

13) Bandha (Bamdha):
Bandha means binding and is crucial in the context of Rasashastra, particularly for mercury. In Parpati, the process of binding helps stabilize mercury's volatile properties, making it safe for consumption, which underscores the careful handling necessary in creating effective remedies.

14) Agni:
Agni, or fire, is a fundamental element in the preparation of Ayurvedic medicines. Its control during the melting and cooking phases of Parpati production directly affects the quality and efficacy of the final product, demonstrating fire's vital role in Ayurveda.

15) Tamra:
Tamra refers to copper and signifies one of the metals that may be incorporated into Parpati preparations. Like other metals, when processed accordingly, they contribute specific therapeutic qualities to the formulation, reflecting the interdisciplinary integration of elements in Rasa Shastra.

16) Rasaparpati (Rasa-parpati):
Rasa-parpati is a specific type of Parpati that uniquely incorporates therapeutic properties of minerals or metals within its formulation. It emphasizes the focus within Rasashastra on leveraging the unique characteristics of each element to optimize treatment efficacy for diseases.

17) Ghrita (Ghrta):
Ghrita is clarified butter and serves as a critical ingredient in many Ayurvedic formulations. In Parpati, it is used to prevent sticking during the preparation process, while also imparting its beneficial properties to the final product, highlighting its multifunctional role in traditional medicine.

18) Kalpa:
Kalpas indicates specific formulations or preparations within Ayurveda. Reference to Kalpas in the context of Parpati illustrates the structured methodology underlying traditional medicine, aimed at achieving precise therapeutic outcomes through meticulous techniques.

19) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is the ancient system of medicine originating from India, focusing on holistic health. It incorporates principles of balance between body, mind, and spirit through natural remedies, including mineral-based treatments like Parpati, showcasing its rich tradition in healthcare.

20) Rasendra (Rasa-indra):
Rasendra is a term associated with influential texts or figures within Rasa Shastra, the sub-field of Ayurveda dealing with alchemical practices. Nascent knowledge from Rasendra significantly impacts the understanding of preparations like Parpati and the broader principles in Ayurvedic pharmacology.

21) Ratti:
Ratti is a traditional unit of measurement in Ayurveda, particularly significant for dosing medicinal formulations. In the context of Parpati priya, precise measurement ensures the effective and safe administration of treatment based on individual patient needs, reinforcing the systematic approach in Ayurvedic practice.

22) Rasashastra (Rasa-shastra, Rasasastra):
Rasa-shastra is the traditional Indian alchemical science focusing on the use of minerals and herbs for medicinal purposes. The practices within this science, especially regarding formulations like Parpati, illustrate the complex relationship between material transformation and health in Ayurveda.

23) Bhaishajya (Bhaisajya):
Bhaishajya denotes medicinal drugs or remedies in Ayurveda. It underscores the broader context under which formulations like Parpati exist, which are designed not just to treat symptoms, but to achieve holistic healing and restore balance in the body.

24) Samgraha (Sangraha):
Sangraha refers to an assemblage or collection of Ayurvedic knowledge or formulations. The comprehensive strategy evident in Sangraha assists practitioners in understanding various formulations, enhancing their application in specific diseases such as those treated by Parpati.

25) Disease:
Diseases represent a classification of various health conditions that Ayurvedic formulations like Parpati are designed to address. Recognizing the significance of specific medicines in treating distinct disorders demonstrates the systematic application of traditional medicine in patient care.

26) Mridu (Mrdu):
Mridu denotes softness or gentleness often associated with the initial stages of processing Ayurvedic medicines. For Parpati, attaining the right texture and balance is critical for effectiveness, emphasizing the importance of tailored heating and melding methods in traditional practices.

27) Sara (Shara):
Sara is a term mentioning the essence or principle of something in Ayurveda. It may refer to both the extraction of important properties in formulations like Parpati and its overall efficacy, dealing with elemental qualities and therapeutic outcomes of medicines.

28) Nirgandha (Nir-gandha, Nirgamdha):
Nirgandha translates to 'without sulphur' and highlights a category of Parpati preparations that exclude Gandhaka. This variant signifies the diverse approaches to creating formulations in Ayurvedic practice, allowing customization based on patient needs and treatment goals.

29) Shuddha (Suddha):
Shuddha means 'pure' and is crucial in Ayurvedic practices to signify the importance of using untainted ingredients. In the context of Parpati, it relates to the purity of components like mercury and sulphur, ensuring the therapeutic safety and efficacy of preparations.

30) Bhasma (Bhasman):
Bhasma refers to a fine calcined powder derived from minerals or metals after undergoing specific Ayurvedic processing. Its transformative essence typifies the intricate methodologies applied in creating compounds like Parpati that enhance healing properties.

31) Khara:
Khara refers to hardness or roughness, which describes one of the types of Paka or texture in medicinal preparations. For Parpati, Khara indicates a less desirable form that signals toxicity, paralleling Ayurveda's holistic emphasis on safety in medicinal formulations.

32) Ratna:
Ratna translates to 'gem' and encapsulates the idea of valuable qualities within Ayurvedic formulations. It embodies the richness found in substances like mercury or metallic preparations which when treated correctly, produce beneficial medicinal properties.

33) Pota:
Pota refers to the pressing method used during Parpati preparation that aids in creating thin flakes. Indicating the physical transformation process, it highlights the importance of technique in achieving the desired medicinal effectiveness and safety of the final product.

34) Cow dung:
Cow dung is utilized as a foundational material in Ayurvedic drug preparation. Its application in Parpati production showcases a blend of natural and traditional materials that contribute to the effective formation of medicines, marrying functionality with cultural practices.

35) Shuddhagandhaka (Suddhagandhaka, Shuddha-gandhaka):
Shuddha-gandhaka denotes purified sulphur essential for effective therapeutic formulations in Ayurveda. Within Parpati, it aids in altering the inherent toxicity of mercury, thus magnifying the medical efficacy while ensuring patient safety.

36) Dhatubhasma (Dhatu-bhasma):
Dhatu-bhasma refers to the ashes of metals used in Ayurveda, contributing to the formation of various preparations. Its role in Parpati illustrates the integration of potent metallic substances into holistic remedies targeted at specific health conditions.

37) Rasabandha (Rasa-bandha):
Rasa-bandha signifies the binding techniques applied in handling and preparing metals and minerals in Rasashastra. The relevance lies in assuring the stabilization and safety of potent substances, especially in formulations like Parpati that utilize mercury.

38) Arkapatra (Arka-patra):
Arka-patra refers to a specific type of leaf used in Ayurveda for cooking or processing herbal formulations. Its significance to Parpati is akin to other leaves employed, noting the importance of natural elements in assisting the transformation of ingredients into effective remedies.

39) Mridupaka (Mrdupaka):
Mridu-paka references a gentle cooking stage in preparing medicines that yields a desirable consistency. In Parpati, this phase assures that the formulation is neither too hard nor too soft, highlighting the careful balancing needed within Rasa Shastra.

40) Parpatika:
Parpatika denotes a specific term related to the preparting technique or the resulting product from Parpati preparations. This term reflects the nature and essence of flakes formed during the medicinal crafting of Parpati, pointing to their unique applications in treatment.

41) Parpata:
Parpata signifies the foundational methodology and traditions underpinning the flake preparation in Rasashastra. The term frames the historical context of how Parpati emerged, linking to its etymology and the broader cultural practices in ancient Indian medicine.

42) Samanya:
Samanya refers to a general or common approach to a medicinal strategy within Ayurveda. This enables practitioners to apply standardized practices in well-regarded formulations like Parpati while considering individual patient needs and specific treatment conditions.

43) Mandala (Mamdala):
Mandala is a cyclical concept representing a rotational dosing pattern specific to Ayurvedic therapeutic strategies. This approach in using formulations like Parpati emphasizes dosage adjustments based on patient response, ensuring efficacy in treatment regimens across various disorders.

44) Kamala (Kama-la):
Kamala refers to the lotus and is representative of various leaves utilized in preparation practices. In association with Parpati, it indicates the breadth of nature's resources in developing effective Ayurvedic medicines through the strategic use of local plants and herbs.

45) Madhya:
Madhya means 'middle' and can refer to a specific cooking stage or the balanced state of formulations. In the context of Parpati, it represents the essential equilibrium that must be achieved during preparation to ensure effective medicinal properties in the final product.

46) Badara:
Badara refers to the specific type of wood used as a fuel source in the crafting of Ayurvedic medicines. Its significance within Parpati production speaks to the cultural practices that maximize efficiency while ensuring specific conditions that enhance the therapeutic properties of the preparations.

47) Kushtha (Kustha):
Kushtha indicates skin diseases within Ayurvedic terminology. Parpati's role reveals how Ayurvedic remedies are developed to manage and treat such ailments comprehensively, highlighting the extensive scope of treatments available in traditional Indian medicine.

48) Nature:
Nature embodies the core principle of Ayurveda, which emphasizes harmony between the individual and their environment. The materials used in Parpati highlight the intrinsic relationship between healing practices and natural resources, central to effective Ayurvedic formulations.

49) Sneha:
Sneha translates to 'oil' or 'grease', embodying the concept of lubricating or enriching agents in Ayurvedic medicine. It emphasizes the important role of substances like Ghrita in formulations such as Parpati, allowing for ease of preparation and added therapeutic benefits.

50) Gulma:
Gulma refers to a form of abdominal mass or lump, indicating a specific disease type treatable by Parpati preparations. Its mention underscores the targeted therapeutic applications that Ayurvedic remedies are developed for, particularly concerning digestive health issues.

51) Taila (Thaila):
Taila means 'oil' and is relevant in Ayurvedic practices as a medium for extraction and application. Its role complements Ghrita in formulations like Parpati, enhancing the efficacy and bioavailability of the active compounds within the treatment.

52) Dhatu:
Dhatu represents the fundamental bodily tissues in Ayurveda, essential for maintaining overall health. The incorporation of specific metals into preparations like Parpati highlights the interrelation between physical constituents and their role in restoring bodily balance.

53) Takra:
Takra refers to buttermilk, serving as a beneficial adjunct in various Ayurvedic treatments. In relation to Parpati, it is mentioned as a favorable anuupana, enhancing the absorption and efficacy of the treatment during administration.

54) Kumar:
Kumar serves as a general term referring to youth or youngsters, indicating the demographic that may specifically benefit from certain treatments derived from Parpati. It reflects Ayurveda's holistic consideration of patient age for tailored therapeutic approaches.

55) Water:
Water holds a vital role in Ayurveda, integral for various preparations and supportive therapies. Its relationship to Parpati underscores the need for hydration and its applications in detoxification and balanced medicating formulations.

56) Roga:
Roga signifies sickness or disease in Ayurveda. This term highlights the core focus of medicinal formulations like Parpati, which are tailored to diagnose and treat a spectrum of Rogas, thus emphasizing the need for customized therapeutic solutions.

57) Arka:
Arka refers to the medicinal plant Calotropis, sometimes recognized for its different therapeutic qualities. Its mention connects with the broad spectrum of natural remedies utilized in formulations, such as those involving Parpati.

58) Agra:
Agra refers to a specific context or location in relation to Ayurveda's historical significance or practitioners. It may denote a center of herbal knowledge or medicinal practices that enrich the tradition from which formulations like Parpati arise.

59) Drug:
Drug refers to any substance used for medical treatment, particularly in Ayurveda, where natural and mineral-based formulations like Parpati serve to alleviate symptoms and promote healing. This term encapsulates the essence of medicinal practices in addressing various health concerns.

60) Life:
Life represents the core philosophy underlying Ayurvedic practice, valuing health, well-being, and the body's intrinsic balance. In the realm of Parpati preparations, it emphasizes the aim of restoring vitality and combating illness through traditional therapies.

61) Cow milk (Cow's milk):
Cow's milk is a significant element in Ayurveda, recognized for its nourishing qualities. It serves as a beneficial anuupana, enhancing the administration of Parpati and reinforcing Ayurveda's emphasis on using wholesome, natural components to support health.

62) Vijayaparpati (Vijaya-parpati):
Vijaya-parpati refers to a specific formulation of Parpati distinguished by its therapeutic properties. This indication of tailored recipes within the larger category of Parpati demonstrates Ayurveda's nuanced approach in crafting medicines for specific conditions.

63) Palashapatra (Palasapatra, Palasha-patra):
Palasha-patra refers to the leaves of the Palasha tree, utilized similarly in medicinal formulations. In relation to Parpati, it signifies the interchangeable use of various plant materials in the preparation, underscoring the versatility of natural resources in Ayurvedic practices.

64) Rajayakshma (Rajan-yakshma, Rajayaksma):
Rajayakshma refers to chronic diseases characterized by fever, encompassing a range of ailments. Parpati preparations target such conditions, showcasing Ayurveda’s strategies for managing prolonged health challenges through systematically crafted interventions.

65) Measurement:
Measurement signifies the critical aspect of precisely gauging ingredients and dosing in Ayurvedic preparations. In the context of Parpati, careful measurement assures effectiveness and safety of the treatment, embodying the systematic approach of Ayurvedic practice.

66) Paribhasha (Paribhasa):
Paribhasha refers to definitions or essential explanations within Ayurvedic texts that provide clarity on terms and practices. It aids practitioners in comprehending complex concepts, such as those tied to formulations like Parpati, thus enriching Ayurvedic knowledge.

67) Mukharoga (Mukha-roga):
Mukha-roga refers to oral diseases, a specific category of ailments treatable with Ayurvedic formulations. The mention of these diseases emphasizes the necessity of targeted treatment approaches, such as those offered by Parpati, showcasing its versatility in Ayurvedic medicine.

68) Butter milk (Buttermilk):
Buttermilk is recognized in Ayurveda for its digestive properties and nutritional benefits. When linked with Parpati, it denotes the importance of supportive substances that enhance therapeutic effects, demonstrating Ayurveda’s holistic treatment philosophy.

69) Nagavalli (Naga-valli):
Nagavalli refers to a specific plant whose leaves may also serve in Ayurvedic preparations. Like other plants, its usage within concoctions like Parpati reinforces the significance of botanical contributions to traditional medicinal practices.

70) Pakakala (Paka-kala):
Paka-kala represents the specific cooking stages and methods employed in Ayurvedic processes. It underlines the importance of these stages in achieving the desired characteristics of formulations like Parpati, aligning the preparation with therapeutic goals.

71) Flavonoid:
Flavonoid is a class of plant compounds with known health benefits. Its mention may relate to the recognition of the broader spectrum of bioactive components in Ayurvedic formulations that contribute to the overall therapeutic action, including those found in Parpati.

72) Lakshana (Laksana):
Lakshana, resembling Lakshanas but singular, refers to a specific trait or indicator significant in the therapeutic identification of diseases. Its understanding is key for practitioners when determining effective remedies such as Parpati for patients’ conditions.

73) Prakasha (Prakasa):
Prakasha means 'light' or 'insight', often referring to clarity or understanding within Ayurvedic texts. This term may emphasize the need for wisdom in selecting and preparing formulations like Parpati, integral to successful therapeutic outcomes.

74) Pratyaya:
Pratyaya signifies an idea or concept within Ayurvedic philosophy, highlighting foundational understandings necessary for effective treatment approaches. It frames the rationale behind employing certain practices in the preparation of formulations like Parpati.

75) Jalodara (Jala-udara):
Jalodara refers to a condition akin to dropsy, associated with fluid retention and abdominal issues. The applicability of Parpati preparations to such diseases illustrates Ayurveda's systematic responses to various health concerns through targeted formulations.

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 127]

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Concept of the parpati kalpana’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Shuddhagandhaka, Rasabandha, Therapeutic properties, Shelf life, Parada Bandha, Kajjali Preparation, Amayika Prayoga, Rasa Grantha, Parpati Kalpana, Kadali Patra, Analytical Test.

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