Synthesis and study of a new homologous series of novel chalcone derivative
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Synthesis and study of a new homologous series of novel chalcone derivative
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Chauhan M. L. and Balvani V. N.
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Synthesis and study of a new homologous series of novel chalcone derivative
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20191-13895
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
This research examines a novel homologous series of non-amphiphilic liquid crystals derived from p-n-alkoxy benzoic acid and α-4 Hydroxy benzoyl β-4’ –n-Pentyl phenylethylene. The goal is to analyze the influence of molecular structure on the mesomorphic properties of these compounds, which have potential applications in various fields including material science and bioactivity. Different lengths of alkoxy chains were synthesized and their thermal properties were meticulously studied to understand the relationships between molecular structure, rigidity, flexibility, and mesomorphic behavior.
Molecular Structure and Mesomorphism
One of the critical findings of this study is the correlation between molecular structure and mesomorphic properties. It was observed that the length of the n-alkoxy chain plays a significant role in determining the mesomorphic character. The research established that methyl to pentyl homologues exhibited non-mesomorphic behavior, while hexyl to hexadecyl homologues exhibited nematic properties without displaying any smectic character. This transition suggests that as the molecular rigidity and flexibility change with increasing chain length, so too do the mesomorphic qualities. The transition temperatures were plotted to illustrate this relationship, revealing a zigzag pattern in phase behavior based on the number of carbon atoms present in the alkyl chain.
Transition Temperature Behavior
The study highlights a unique behavior of transition temperatures across the synthesized homologous series. The nematic-isotropic transition curve initially rises but later descends, showing no distinct odd-even effect that is often observed in such studies. This characteristic pattern implies that molecular alignment and intermolecular forces vary along the series, impacting the solid-to-isotropic transitions. A detailed examination of the phase diagram supports these findings, indicating that intermolecular anisotropic forces strengthen notably between hexyl and hexadecyl derivatives, resulting in the establishment of a stable nematic phase.
Thermal Stability and Mesophase Characteristics
Thermal stability measurements indicate that the nematic mesophase possesses thermal stability up to 168.5°C, with a relatively narrow mesomorphic range of 13.0°C to 30.0°C. The absence of smectic character across the series implies a specific dependence on molecular interactions and contributes to the understanding of thermal behaviors in liquid crystalline materials. The analgous nature of the compounds suggests that structural variations in the alkoxy chain significantly influence the stability and behavior of the mesophases, which are crucial for the development and analysis of liquid crystal systems.
Conclusion
In conclusion, this research successfully synthesized a new homologous series of chalcone derivatives that exhibit nematic behavior due to the precise arrangement of molecular structures and alkyl chains. The findings emphasize the significance of molecular rigidity and flexibility in dictating mesomorphic properties and stability ranges. These novel compounds hold potential for advanced applications in liquid crystal technologies, warranting further investigation into their multifunctional capabilities in both research and practical applications in various fields, including materials science and bioactivity.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What was the main objective of the research study?
The study aimed to synthesize a new homologous series of non-amphiphilic liquid crystals to explore the effect of molecular structure on their mesomorphic properties, which could have various applications in scientific and technological fields.
What are the properties of the synthesized chalcone derivatives?
The synthesized chalcone derivatives exhibit nematogenic characteristics, with the hexyl to hexadecyl homologues demonstrating mesomorphic properties, while methyl to pentyl homologues are nonmesomorphic, indicating a range of thermal stability and liquid crystalline behavior.
What methods were used for characterizing the synthesized compounds?
Characterization methods included elemental analysis, H1 NMR, IR spectroscopy, and transition temperature measurements using an optical polarizing microscope, which helped in confirming the molecular structure and properties of the synthesized chalcones.
What was observed about the transition temperatures of the homologues?
Transition temperatures showed a zigzag pattern in the phase diagram, indicating varying mesomorphic behaviors as the number of carbon atoms in the n-alkyl chain increased, with the nematic phase commencing from hexyl derivatives.
What significance does molecular structure have on mesomorphism?
Molecular structure greatly influences mesomorphic properties; even minor structural changes can significantly affect liquid crystalline behavior, reflecting the delicate balance between molecular rigidity and flexibility.
What potential applications do the novel chalcone compounds have?
The novel chalcone compounds may be useful in various fields such as liquid crystal devices, agricultural applications, and bioactivities like anticancer and antibacterial effects, benefiting scientific and technological research.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Synthesis and study of a new homologous series of novel chalcone derivative”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Chauhan:
Chauhan refers to the primary author of the research article, M. L. Chauhan, who leads the study on a new homologous series of chalcone derivatives. His expertise in chemistry and his position at Sheth P. T. Arts & Science College in Gujarat indicate the academic background fueling this research.
2) Table:
In the context of the article, 'Table' is associated with presenting structured data related to the experimental findings. Tables, such as those listing elemental analysis and transition temperatures, facilitate the comprehension of complex information by summarizing critical results in a clear and organized fashion, enhancing the article's clarity.
3) Gujarat:
Gujarat is a state in India where the authors conducted their research. It signifies the geographical context of the study, indicating that specific scientific institutions, like Sheth P. T. Arts & Science College, and the region’s academic atmosphere contribute to the ongoing research in liquid crystals and pharmaceuticals.
4) Science (Scientific):
The term 'Scientific' underscores the rigorous methodologies and systematic approaches employed throughout the research process. It indicates a commitment to empirical evidence and reproducibility, which are fundamental tenets of scientific inquiry essential for developing reliable knowledge in chemistry and related fields.
5) Study (Studying):
The term 'Study' refers to the research endeavor focused on synthesizing and analyzing a new series of chalcone derivatives. This implies a structured investigation with scientific methodologies aimed at discovering new information regarding liquid crystals, which has implications for various applications in technology and pharmaceuticals.
6) Surrounding:
In the article, 'Surrounding' relates to the environment or external factors influencing the thermodynamic processes of the liquid crystalline substances. Understanding the surrounding environment is crucial for controlling experimental conditions, such as temperature, which affect the molecular behavior and mesophase transitions in liquid crystals.
7) Substance:
The term 'Substance' is used to refer to a singular chemical compound or material. In the context of this research, it highlights the importance of individual components within the homologous series being synthesized, indicating a focus on how variations in molecular structure affect properties and behavior in mesomorphic states.
8) Falling:
The word 'Falling' is utilized in the description of the transition curves in the phase diagram of the chalcone derivatives. It helps characterize the relationship between temperature and the mesomorphic states, indicating how certain properties decrease or behave as the homologous series progresses, showcasing important trends.
9) India:
India denotes the country where the research was conducted. It establishes the broader context for the study, reflecting a national commitment to scientific research and education. The affiliations of the authors with Indian academic institutions highlight the importance of India's role in innovative scientific inquiry.
10) Field:
Field in this context refers to the area of scientific study or research focus, particularly liquid crystals and their applications. It emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of scientific research where various fields intersect, ultimately leading to advancements in technology and materials science.
11) Hand:
Hand signifies assistance or collaboration, reflecting the cooperative effort involved in scientific research. It suggests that the authors received support from colleagues, mentors, and institutions, emphasizing the collaborative nature of scientific endeavors, which is essential for successful research outcomes.
12) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibacterial refers to the potential applications of the synthesized chalcone derivatives in combating bacterial infections. It highlights the relevance of the study beyond materials science, suggesting that these compounds could have important implications in medicinal chemistry and serve as therapeutic agents.
13) Discussion:
Discussion in the article refers to a section where the authors interpret their findings. It’s crucial for contextualizing results, analyzing implications, and suggesting future research directions. The discussion provides insights into the significance of the study and the broader impact of the findings on the scientific community.
14) Saurashtra (Saurastra):
Saurastra is a region in Gujarat, India that is referenced concerning the analytical and spectral services received by the authors. The mention of this geographical context signifies the collaborative networks and resources available within the region, contributing to the research enterprise presented in the article.
15) Education:
Education represents the foundational knowledge and training that the authors, particularly those at academic institutions, have received, allowing them to conduct significant research. It emphasizes the role of formal learning environments in cultivating expertise necessary for scientific advancements and research innovations.
16) Udaipur (Udaypur):
Udaipur is another city in India linked to one of the authors' affiliations, indicating that the research involved collaboration with institutions in multiple locations. It showcases the geographical diversity of Indian academic institutions contributing to this area of liquid crystal research.
17) Heating:
Heating refers to the application of thermal energy essential for conducting experiments within the study of liquid crystals. It plays a critical role in transitioning substances through different phases, enabling the examination of their mesomorphic characteristics and influencing the outcomes of the research.
18) Patel:
Patel is likely a reference to Dr. V. R. Patel, one of the individuals acknowledged for their assistance. This highlights the importance of mentorship and collaboration within academic research, underlining how collective expertise and support enhance the quality of scientific investigations.
19) Doshin (Dosin, Dosi, Doshi):
Doshi refers to Dr. A. V. Doshi, another individual acknowledged for providing support to the authors. Their mention signifies the value of collaborations and mentorship in scientific research, illustrating how experienced figures contribute guidance and resources crucial for successful academic endeavors.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Synthesis and study of a new homologous series of novel chalcone derivative’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Thermal stability, Thermodynamic stability, Molecular structure.