Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Fractures and it’s management
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
This page presents a generated summary with additional references; See source (below) for actual content.
Subtitle: ayurvedic and modern perspectives
Original source:
This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.
Dr. Rajesh Kumar Agrahari, Dr. Vishnu Dutt Sharma M.S. Ph.d. (ayu), Dr. O. P. Dave M.D. Ph.d. (Ayu) and Dr. Deepika Gupta
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Fractures and it’s management
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20192-13971
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The article by Dr. Rajesh Kumar Agrahari et al. discusses fractures and their management through both Ayurvedic and modern medical perspectives. It emphasizes the prevalence of fractures due to various accidents and delineates the Ayurvedic concept of "Bhagna," which refers to bone-related injuries. The authors aim to compare the classification, treatment, and assessment of fractures in Conventional Medicine and Ayurveda, highlighting their historical perspectives and contemporary practices.
Ayurvedic Principles of Treatment
A significant aspect of fracture management in Ayurveda is rooted in the ancient texts, particularly the "Susruta Samhita," which sets forth foundational principles that remain relevant today. These include four crucial elements: Anchana (traction), Peedana (manipulation), Sankshepana (opposition and stabilization), and Bandhana (immobilization). These principles guide the treatment of fractures and dislocations, ensuring proper alignment, stabilization, and healing. Ayurvedic methods also incorporate the use of specific herbal formulations and splints, described in detail for various fracture types.
Classification of Fractures
In Ayurveda, fractures are categorized into two primary types: Sandhimukta (dislocation) and Kandabhagna (bone fracture). Each type is further divided into subcategories based on the nature of the injury. For instance, Sandhimukta includes types like Utpista (fracture dislocation) and Vivartita (dislocation with lateral displacement). Meanwhile, Kandabhagna presents as diverse forms including complete oblique fractures and greenstick fractures. This detailed classification reflects the specificity of Ayurvedic practices in addressing different fracture scenarios, contrasting with modern classifications based on aetiology and other factors.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Diagnosing fractures in Ayurveda relies on clinical examination and recognition of specific signs and symptoms, which align closely with modern practices. Common symptoms related to fractures include severe pain, swelling, and crepitus. Both Ayurvedic and modern approaches place significant importance on patient history and physical assessments. While Ayurveda historically used signs and symptoms for diagnosis, modern medicine benefits from advanced diagnostic tools like X-rays, enhancing accuracy and speed in the detection of fractures.
Conclusion
The paper illustrates that while Ayurvedic and modern medicine have distinct frameworks for understanding and treating fractures, they share significant overlaps in principles and methodologies. The Ayurvedic approach of "Bhagna Chikitsa" encompasses both bone fractures and joint dislocations with effective treatment protocols that resonate with contemporary practices. The research suggests that the concepts established in ancient Ayurvedic texts remain applicable today, indicating a well-evolved understanding of orthopedic care in traditional Indian medicine. Thus, this comparative analysis underscores the relevance of historical practices in modern healthcare contexts.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the significance of 'Bhagna' in Ayurveda?
'Bhagna' refers to fractures and dislocations. It highlights the disruption of movement and continuity in bones and is a key focus in Ayurvedic treatments.
What are the main causes of fractures according to Ayurveda?
According to Ayurvedic texts, fractures can result from falls, vigorous movements, animal bites, and assaults. These causes reflect the understanding of trauma and its impact on the body.
How does Ayurveda classify different types of fractures?
Ayurveda classifies fractures into 'Sandhimukta' (dislocations) and 'Kandabhagna' (bone fractures), which are further divided into specific sub-types based on anatomical changes and injury type.
What are the four basic principles of Ayurvedic fracture treatment?
The four principles, known as 'Anchana' (traction), 'Peedana' (manipulation), 'Sankshepana' (opposition), and 'Bandhana' (immobilization), guide the management of fractures in Ayurveda.
How does modern medicine approach fracture assessment and treatment?
Modern medicine assesses fractures based on symptoms, X-rays, and CT scans. Treatment involves reducing displacement, immobilization, and rehabilitation phases using definitive care practices.
What are some Ayurvedic treatments for managing compound fractures?
In cases of compound fractures, wounds are initially treated with honey and medicated fats. Proper alignment and bandaging follow, ensuring a holistic healing process for the injury.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Fractures and it’s management”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine that focuses on holistic healing and emphasizes balance in the body, mind, and spirit. It uses natural remedies, herbal medicines, and lifestyle changes to promote health. Ayurveda's insight into conditions like fractures demonstrates its relevance and effectiveness alongside modern medical practices.
2) Bhagna:
In Ayurveda, Bhagna refers to fractures and dislocations, indicating a disruption in bone continuity and motion. Understanding Bhagna encompasses the various methods of management and treatment described in classical texts, illustrating the historical significance and systematic approach to trauma care in the Ayurveda tradition.
3) Medicine:
Medicines encompass all substances used to treat illnesses, including both conventional pharmaceuticals and traditional remedies. The holistic approach of combining Ayurvedic medicines with modern treatments provides a more comprehensive framework for managing ailments like fractures effectively.
4) Sandhi-mukta (Sandhimukta):
Sandhimukta refers to dislocations in Ayurveda. This term categorizes injuries that involve the displacement of joints, further explaining the unique treatment methodologies within Ayurvedic texts. Understanding Sandhimukta enhances knowledge of musculoskeletal injuries, encouraging a comprehensive approach to both diagnosis and treatment.
5) Pain:
Pain is a subjective symptom and a primary concern in fracture management. It highlights the body's response to injury, driving the need for effective treatment. Addressing pain plays a crucial role in both Ayurvedic and modern medicine, influencing healing and rehabilitation processes for the individual.
6) Fixation:
Fixation in fracture management refers to stabilizing the broken bone to facilitate healing. Both Ayurveda and modern medicine utilize fixation techniques, including external and internal methods, demonstrating the critical role this process plays in patient recovery and rehabilitation. Proper fixation prevents further displacement and complications.
7) Sign:
In a medical context, 'sign' refers to objective evidence of a condition observable by a clinician, such as swelling or bruising in fractures. Recognizing these signs is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. Both Ayurvedic and modern practices emphasize understanding signs to determine the appropriate course of action.
8) Bandhana (Bamdhana):
Bandhana denotes the process of immobilizing a fractured bone in Ayurveda to ensure proper alignment and healing. This principle parallels modern fixation methods, highlighting the enduring nature of these foundational concepts in orthopedic care. Effective Bandhana is vital for successful fracture management and recovery.
9) Swelling:
Swelling is a common response following a fracture, resulting from tissue injury, inflammation, or bleeding. It signals the body's healing process. In both Ayurvedic and modern treatment plans, managing swelling is crucial, as excessive fluid accumulation can impede recovery and contribute to discomfort.
10) Honey:
Honey is often used as a medicinal substance in Ayurveda due to its wound-healing properties and as a natural antiseptic. Its application in treatment extends to managing fractures, where it aids in healing and infection prevention, supporting an integrative approach to health care.
11) Sprinkling:
Sprinkling refers to the practice in Ayurveda of applying herbal decoctions and oils onto a fracture site. This method promotes healing, enhances absorption of medicinal properties, and alleviates associated symptoms, illustrating the importance of local treatment in conjunction with general care.
12) Rice (Rce):
Rice, specifically Shali rice, is mentioned in Ayurvedic treatments as part of medicated formulations for fracture recovery. Its properties are believed to support healing processes. Utilizing natural food sources in treatments underscores Ayurveda’s emphasis on dietary influences on health and recovery.
13) Drug:
Drugs represent therapeutic substances used to treat various ailments, encompassing both modern pharmaceuticals and Ayurvedic remedies. The integration of these two forms emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive understanding of treatment modalities to optimize patient care and recovery.
14) Education:
Education is vital for medical professionals to remain updated on various treatment methodologies, including both modern medicine and Ayurveda. It encompasses training practitioners in comprehensive care approaches for effective management of conditions like fractures, fostering improved patient outcomes.
15) Dhataki:
Dhataki refers to a medicinal plant used in Ayurveda, often incorporated in treatments for wounds and skin conditions. Its properties contribute to healing processes in fractures, demonstrating the importance of plant-based remedies in traditional medicine and their role in holistic health care.
16) Sparsha (Sparsa):
Sparsha means touch in Sanskrit and is significant in Ayurvedic diagnostics. Assessment of tenderness and sensitivity during physical examinations is crucial for identifying fracture conditions. Recognizing Sparsha enhances understanding of patient experiences related to pain and injury severity.
17) Madhuka:
Madhuka, or Licorice, is an Ayurvedic herb known for its anti-inflammatory and soothing properties. It is commonly used in formulations for treating various conditions, including fractures, due to its effectiveness in promoting healing, reducing pain, and aiding in recovery processes.
18) Disease:
Disease refers to any abnormal condition affecting the body, often emphasizing the underlying pathology of fractures and other injuries. Understanding disease processes allows practitioners to tailor their treatment strategies, blending Western medical and Ayurvedic frameworks to enhance recovery and prevent complications.
19) Dravya:
Dravyas refer to a rich array of substances utilized as medicines in Ayurveda. Their role in traditional healing practices demonstrates the significance of botanical and mineral resources in treating fractures and promoting recovery.
20) Lodhra:
Lodhra is a medicinal herb commonly used in Ayurveda, particularly for its astringent properties. It aids in wound healing and is included in various formulations for treating fractures, showcasing Ayurveda's reliance on specific plants for facilitating recovery in injuries.
21) Sthana:
Sthana refers to a site or location, often used in discussing the location of fractures in anatomical terms. Identifying the Sthana of injury is crucial for targeted treatment and aids in assessing the severity of conditions, whether in Ayurveda or modern medical practice.
22) Animal:
Animals signify the living beings that can experience fractures due to accidents or trauma. Investigating the connection between animal movements and fractures provides insight into trauma prevention strategies, forging pathways for better health outcomes.
23) Powder:
Powder is often employed in Ayurvedic treatments, particularly for topical applications or formulations. Medicinal powders derived from herbs and plants enhance healing processes, providing a concentrated form of therapeutic agents that can be applied to injury sites, including fractures.
24) Indian:
Indian refers to the heritage and historical development of medical practices unique to the Indian subcontinent. Integration of traditional practices, such as Ayurveda, with modern medicine exemplifies the richness of India's medical history and the potential for diverse healthcare approaches in contemporary times.
25) Kusha (Kusa):
Kusha refers to the sacred grass traditionally used as a splint in Ayurvedic fracture management. Its properties, along with symbolic significance, highlight the interplay between spirituality and practicality in Ayurvedic treatments, supporting structural stability in injury care.
26) Kumar:
Kumar indicates a common surname or name in India. In the context of Ayurvedic authorship or studies, it denotes a figure who may contribute to the scholarship of traditional practices related to fracture management, enhancing the repository of knowledge in the field.
27) Katu:
Katu translates to 'pungent' or 'spicy' in Ayurveda and characterizes certain herbal substances that are energetically hot. Its relevance in treatments signifies the influence of taste on bodily responses, particularly in stimulating digestion and circulation, which are crucial for healing.
28) Ritu (Rtu):
Ritu denotes seasons in Ayurveda, influencing treatment decisions based on environmental factors and individual constitution. Understanding Ritu encourages practitioners to tailor care approaches according to seasonal effects on the body, particularly regarding ailments such as fractures.
29) Road:
Road refers to the pathways where accidents may occur, leading to fractures. Contextualizing the road in discussions about fractures highlights the importance of safety, awareness, and preventative measures to mitigate injuries resulting from transportation incidents.
30) Line:
Line refers to the alignment or orientation of fractured bones. Proper alignment is essential for effective healing, emphasizing the importance of skilled assessment and treatment in both Ayurveda and modern medicine to restore functionality and reduce complications.
31) Rubia cordifolia:
Rubia cordifolia, also known as Manjistha, is an important medicinal herb in Ayurveda utilized for its blood-purifying and healing properties. It plays a crucial role in various formulations for the treatment of fractures, contributing to overall recovery and enhancing bodily functions.
32) Sour gruel:
Sour gruel refers to a traditional Ayurvedic preparation that may be beneficial for digestive health and nourishment during recovery. It illustrates Ayurveda's principle of combining food and medicine, focusing on holistic support for the body, especially in managing conditions like fractures.
33) Ficus benghalensis:
Ficus benghalensis, known as the Banyan tree, offers applications in Ayurveda, specifically for its latex, often used in bone grafting. Understanding its medicinal usage showcases the integration of plant materials in fracture management and traditional healing practices.
34) Sushruta-samhita (Susruta-samhita):
Susruta-samhita is a foundational Ayurvedic text authored by Sushruta, detailing surgical techniques and management principles for various conditions, including fractures. This ancient text exemplifies the sophisticated understanding of orthopedic care in Ayurveda and remains relevant to modern medical practices.
35) Cikitsasthana (Cikitsa-sthana):
Cikitsa-sthana represents a section within the Susruta-samhita, focusing on treatment methodologies. Its teachings guide the management of fractures and other ailments, bridging ancient wisdom with contemporary applications in healthcare and showcasing the rich heritage of Ayurvedic practices.
36) Raktacandana (Rakta-candana, Raktacamdana):
Rakta-candana refers to red sandalwood, commonly used in Ayurveda for its cooling and anti-inflammatory properties. It is incorporated in treatments for skin conditions and injuries, including fractures, highlighting the integral role of herbal remedies in facilitating healing.
37) Nidanasthana (Nidana-sthana):
Nidana-sthana is a segment of the Susruta-samhita highlighting diagnostic methods. Understanding Nidana-sthana is essential for recognizing signs and symptoms of fractures, guiding practitioners in developing effective treatment strategies and integrating Ayurvedic principles with diagnostic practices.
38) Tuberculosis:
Tuberculosis can weaken bones, making them more susceptible to fractures. Understanding the relationship between tuberculosis and fractures facilitates targeted treatment planning and highlights the intersection of infectious diseases with orthopedic concerns in both Ayurveda and modern medicine.
39) Nyagrodhadi (Nyagrodha-adi):
Nyagrodhadi refers to a class of medicinal herbs used in Ayurveda, primarily for their healing properties. They feature in many formulations aimed at supporting recovery from fractures and signify the emphasis on plant-based treatments in traditional medicine for restoring health.
40) Avakshipta (Avaksipta):
Avakshipta describes a specific type of dislocation characterized by downward displacement. Awareness of Avakshipta in fractures promotes comprehensive treatment planning, allowing practitioners to address different injury types with appropriate methodologies in Ayurvedic care.
41) Vatavyadhi (Vata-vyadhi):
Vatavyadhi refers to disorders arising from vata imbalance in Ayurveda. Its relevance in fracture management underlines the need for holistic assessment of musculoskeletal health, incorporating considerations of doshas to tailor effective treatment plans for optimal recovery.
42) Ati-kshipta (Atikshipta):
Atikshipta refers to a dislocation resulting from an over-riding mechanism. Understanding various classifications like Atikshipta aids in diagnosing and managing different fracture types, helping practitioners identify the most effective treatment approaches for patients.
43) Vivartita:
Vivartita describes a dislocation accompanied by lateral displacement. Recognizing this classification enhances diagnostic accuracy in Ayurvedic care, guiding practitioners in the application of targeted stabilization and treatment techniques for musculoskeletal injuries.
44) Ashvattha (Asvattha):
Ashvattha, or Sacred Fig, holds significance in Ayurveda for its various properties in healing and inflammation reduction. Its inclusion in treatments for fractures exemplifies the application of local flora in traditional remedies, enriching therapeutic options.
45) Karkataka:
Karkataka denotes a type of depressed fracture in Ayurveda. Recognition of this specific fracture type enhances understanding of fracture management and treatment, guiding clinicians in employing suitable methods for healing and stabilization.
46) Manjishtha (Manjistha, Mamjishtha):
Manjistha, or Rubia cordifolia, is a key Ayurvedic herb recognized for its herbal action to purify blood and promote wound healing. Its application in treating fractures underscores the importance of leveraging nature's resources to facilitate recovery processes.
47) Stiffness:
Stiffness commonly develops following fractures due to immobility. Recognizing stiffness emphasizes the need for rehabilitation practices post-fracture management in both Ayurveda and modern medicine, facilitating joint mobility and restoring function after healing.
48) Pariksha (Pariksa):
Pariksha refers to the examination process in Ayurveda, assessing symptoms and signs to diagnose conditions. Emphasizing Pariksha in fracture management supports practitioners in gathering comprehensive information, fostering informed treatment decisions through structural assessments and patient interactions.
49) Pratyaya:
Pratyaya refers to suffixes or indicators that convey meaning in the context of fractures. This understanding bestows a deeper insight into Ayurvedic terminology, allowing practitioners to communicate effectively about conditions and broaden their knowledge of diagnostic systems.
50) Vishlishta (Vislista):
Vislista indicates a type of subluxation or incomplete dislocation. Understanding Vislista is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning in fracture management, illustrating the intricacies of musculoskeletal injuries within Ayurvedic constructs.
51) Katphala:
Katphala refers to a medicinal plant that may be incorporated into various Ayurvedic formulations. Its relevance in treating musculoskeletal health and supporting recovery processes highlights the interdependence of botanical resources and traditional medicine in managing fractures.
52) Udumbara:
Udumbara, another significant herbal component in Ayurveda, offers medicinal properties for supporting recovery from injuries, including fractures. Its applications reflect Ayurvedic principles emphasizing the use of natural substances to harmonize bodily functions and promote healing.
53) Activity:
Activity encompasses physical movements that can impact bone health and recovery. Encouraging appropriate activity, balanced between rest and mobilization, is crucial in both Ayurvedic and modern practices for optimal healing after fractures.
54) Training:
Training refers to the workshops and educational programs designed to enhance skills in diagnosing and managing fractures. Continuous training is vital for medical professionals to integrate traditional and modern healthcare systems effectively and improve patient outcomes.
55) Bleeding:
Bleeding often accompanies fractures, indicating tissue damage and necessitating prompt assessment. Understanding bleeding dynamics aids practitioners in comprehensive care planning, whether in emergencies or during the healing processes in both Ayurveda and modern medicine.
56) Crushing:
Crushing refers to a type of force that can cause severe fractures and soft tissue injuries. Acknowledging the impact of crushing forces helps practitioners understand injury mechanisms and develop targeted interventions for effective fracture management.
57) Grafting:
Grafting involves the transplantation of tissue, which is crucial in treating complex fractures within orthopedic care. Ayurvedic practices highlight grafting's historical significance, focusing on natural materials to support healing and address deficiencies at fracture sites.
58) Surface:
Surface denotes the external layer of tissues affected during fractures. Understanding surface injuries leads practitioners to customize treatment plans, balancing immediate care with long-term rehabilitation strategies, fostering overall recovery.
59) Candana (Camdana):
Candana refers to sandalwood, valued in Ayurveda for its cooling and anti-inflammatory properties. Its role in treating fractures emphasizes the holistic incorporation of soothing agents to promote healing, reduce pain, and support overall recovery processes.
60) Samhita:
Samhita refers to collections of texts containing Ayurvedic knowledge, including treatment protocols for fractures. The significance of Samhita spans centuries, anchoring traditional wisdom while guiding contemporary practices in healthcare, demonstrating the ongoing relevance of Ayurvedic literature.
61) Phalini:
Phalini refers to a medicinal herb frequently utilized in Ayurvedic formulations for wound healing. Its inclusion in treatments illustrates Ayurveda's reliance on nature's bounty in developing comprehensive strategies for managing fractures and improving recovery outcomes.
62) Palasha (Palasa, Pala-asha):
Palasha signifies a plant whose properties are beneficial in Ayurvedic treatments. The incorporation of Palasha underscores the significance of diverse herbal resources in supporting holistic healing practices, especially in managing injuries and promoting overall health.
63) Cikitsa:
Cikitsa represents the therapeutic approach within Ayurveda, encompassing treatment principles for various health conditions, including fractures. Understanding Cikitsa emphasizes the holistic methodology of addressing both physical and emotional aspects of recovery in traditional healing practices.
64) Ashakti (Asakti):
Ashakti denotes the inability or dysfunction resulting from injuries, commonly observed in fractures. Recognizing Ashakti assists practitioners in assessing the functional impacts of injuries and tailoring rehabilitation strategies aimed at restoring movement and strength.
65) Beating:
Beating refers to a type of force that can cause soft tissue damage and fractures. Understanding the mechanisms and outcomes of beating emphasizes its implications for injury assessment and effective treatment planning within both Ayurveda and modern approaches.
66) Hanging:
Hanging relates to the position of limbs following an injury that can affect blood circulation and recovery. Recognizing this position in fractures helps practitioners develop tailored rehabilitation approaches that support functional restoration post-injury.
67) Tearing:
Tearing refers to injuries resulting from significant force applied to tissues, often accompanying fractures. Understanding the implications of tearing in musculoskeletal injuries is crucial for proper assessment and devising effective treatment strategies in both Ayurvedic and modern healthcare.
68) Falling:
Falling is a common cause of fractures. Understanding the dynamics of falling aids in preventing injuries and forms the basis for safety measures in daily life, further emphasizing the relevance of injury risk assessment in both Ayurvedic and modern medicine.
69) Mineral:
Minerals are essential nutrients that support bone health and healing processes. Recognizing their importance in managing fractures underlines the intersection of nutrition and recovery in both Ayurveda and modern science, where supplementation may enhance healing outcomes.
70) Science (Scientific):
Science encompasses the systematic study of the natural world, including medical practices and treatment methodologies. The interplay of Ayurvedic and modern scientific approaches enriches healthcare, promoting an integrative perspective on managing conditions like fractures effectively.
71) Samanga (Samamga, Shamanga):
Samanga refers to a group of medicinal materials with specific therapeutic properties in Ayurveda. Understanding its application in treating conditions like fractures allows practitioners to optimize treatment protocols through the strategic use of herbal resources.
72) Siddha:
Siddha refers to the perfected practitioners in traditional Indian medicinal systems. Their expertise highlights the value of integrating extensive knowledge of herbal remedies and treatment methodologies for managing conditions like fractures within the Ayurvedic framework.
73) Arjuna:
Arjuna refers to a revered medicinal plant in Ayurveda known for its cardiovascular benefits and wound healing properties. Its integration in fracture management underscores the holistic approach in traditional medicine, where diverse plants serve multiple therapeutic roles.
74) Saumya:
Saumya means gentle or calm, reflecting an essential attitude toward healing in Ayurveda. This principle emphasizes the significance of approaching treatment with a soothing and nurturing perspective, particularly in traumatic conditions, including fractures.
75) Vishnu (Visnu):
Vishnu is a significant deity in Hindu mythology whose principles of preservation parallel the goals of Ayurveda in maintaining health and harmony. Citing Vishnu in Ayurvedic discussions underscores the spiritual underpinnings of traditional practices.
[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 98]
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Fractures and it’s management’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Rice, Ayurvedic Perspective, Modern perspective, Fracture management, Bhagna Chikitsa, Compression fracture, Pathological fracture, Traumatic Fracture, Stress Fracture.