Evaluation of bioactive components of parinari excelsa seed oil

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Evaluation of bioactive components of parinari excelsa seed oil
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Author:

Obomanu F. G., Dokubo A. and James-Egesi I. N.


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World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: Evaluation of bioactive components of parinari excelsa seed oil

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20199-15446

Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The study conducted by Obomanu F. G., Dokubo A., and James-Egesi I. N. focused on evaluating the bioactive components of the seed oil derived from Parinari excelsa, a plant species belonging to the Chrysobalanaceae family. Utilizing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, the researchers identified and quantified various chemical compounds present in the oil. Parinari excelsa, commonly known as grey plum, is prevalent in tropical regions of Africa and has been used traditionally for its nutritional and medicinal benefits. The findings indicate the potential of this seed oil to provide therapeutic compounds that could be utilized in human nutrition.

Significance of Bioactive Components

The study revealed that among the twenty-six bioactive constituents identified, 5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid, methyl ester (all-Z) was the most predominant, making up 20.777% of the composition. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is known for its health benefits, particularly in preventing blood clotting and reducing cardiovascular disease risks, which are associated with various factors like high blood pressure and elevated cholesterol levels. Thus, the presence of EPA in P. excelsa seed oil underscores its nutritional value and potential role in enhancing cardiovascular health.

The Role of Phytochemicals in Health

Phytochemicals, which are secondary metabolites derived from plants, play a crucial role in influencing physiological processes. This study not only highlights the extraction and identification of these compounds but also references their anti-inflammatory capacities. Molecules such as resolvins, derived from EPA, exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties. This suggests that the bioactive components of P. excelsa seed oil could have substantial implications in managing inflammatory conditions, potentially benefiting a range of health disorders.

Traditional Uses and Medicinal Applications

Traditionally, various parts of the Parinari excelsa plant, including the seeds and bark, have been utilized in African medicine for treating ailments like anemia and various diseases. The study notes that the seeds can be fermented for beverage production or consumed as food, emphasizing their versatility. The research demonstrates that the bioactive components found in the oil may enhance the efficacy of traditional remedies, reinforcing the cultural and historical significance of this plant in local medicinal practices.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the evaluation of bioactive compounds in Parinari excelsa seed oil reveals important insights into its potential health benefits. The presence of significant constituents such as eicosapentaenoic acid and various phytochemicals supports the usage of this oil in nutritional and medicinal applications. As evidence of its therapeutic properties accumulates, further research and development of P. excelsa may lead to novel dietary or pharmaceutical interventions aimed at improving human health, particularly in addressing conditions like cardiovascular diseases and inflammation-related disorders.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What are the main findings of the study on Parinari excelsa seed oil?

The study identified 26 bioactive components in Parinari excelsa seed oil using GC-MS. Notably, 5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid, methyl ester represented the highest percentage at 20.777%, indicating its potential for medicinal applications.

What health benefits are associated with Eicosapentaenoic acid?

Eicosapentaenoic acid can help prevent blood clotting and reduce risk factors for cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia. It has shown substantial improvements in associated health concerns when consumed regularly.

How was the oil from Parinari excelsa seeds extracted?

Oil extraction involved grinding 100 grams of dried seeds and performing hydro-distillation using distilled water. The oil was then collected in hexane and subjected to solvent evaporation for analysis.

What methods were used to analyze the seed oil components?

GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) was utilized to identify and analyze the components, allowing for the detection of bioactive compounds and their respective concentrations in the seed oil.

What is the significance of bioactive components in plants?

Bioactive components from plants, known as phytochemicals, are crucial for influencing physiological processes and can be extracted for biological activity. They serve medicinal purposes and address health challenges.

What are possible applications of Parinari excelsa seed oil?

Parinari excelsa seed oil has potential uses in human nutrition, medicinal formulations, and pharmaceutical ingredients due to its bioactive compounds that exhibit anti-inflammatory and health-promoting properties.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Evaluation of bioactive components of parinari excelsa seed oil”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Disease:
A disease is commonly understood as a specific biological malfunction characterized by signs, symptoms, and physiological changes. The study of bioactive components in plants offers significant insights into potential therapeutic agents, highlighting their role in preventing and managing diseases through nutritional supplementation and as pharmacological agents.

2) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are the bioactive compounds produced by plants, often linked to health benefits. The current research elucidates how specific phytochemicals found in Parinari excelsa seed oil can influence physiological processes, providing evidence for their potential use in treating or managing various health conditions.

3) Activity:
Activity, in the context of bioactive compounds, refers to the biological effects or actions these compounds exert in living organisms. The study evaluates the pharmacological activity of phytochemicals, emphasizing their roles in physiological improvements and their potential as medicinal agents for managing various health issues.

4) Water:
Water acts as a crucial solvent in the extraction process of oil from the seeds of Parinari excelsa. Its role in hydro-distillation ensures efficient extraction and supports agriculture that yields plants rich in bioactive compounds, enhancing the potential for health-related applications derived from these plant sources.

5) Table:
The table in scientific research typically presents summarized data in an organized format, facilitating easy interpretation. In this study, the table lists components identified in the seed oil, illustrating their respective retention times and percentages, which supports claims regarding their bioactive properties and potential applications in nutrition.

6) Blood:
Blood is critical in understanding health conditions, especially concerning cardiovascular diseases. Bioactive components derived from seed oils, notably eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are explored for their role in regulating blood functions, influencing clotting, cholesterol levels, and overall cardiovascular health, thus highlighting their therapeutic potential.

7) Hand:
In this context, 'hand' may metaphorically signify the crucial role that researchers have in manipulating natural products for human health benefits. The hand of science guides the study of bioactive compounds to exploit their potential in creating therapies for diseases prevalent in various populations.

8) Coconut water:
Coconut water, while not directly analyzed in this study, represents another natural beverage known for its nutritional benefits. It serves as a comparative example, showing how different plant-derived substances, including those studied from Parinari excelsa, can contribute to health promotion and disease prevention.

9) Purification:
Purification refers to the process of isolating specific compounds from a complex mixture, such as extracting bioactive components from seed oil. This step is crucial for validating the medicinal properties of identified phytochemicals, enabling researchers to study their efficacy and mechanisms of action in addressing human health issues.

10) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a natural response of the body's immune system but can become chronic and contribute to various diseases. The bioactive compounds identified in Parinari excelsa seed oil may possess anti-inflammatory properties, offering potential avenues for therapeutic interventions to manage diseases associated with chronic inflammation.

11) Discussion:
The discussion section of scientific research encompasses interpretations of data and findings, articulating significance and implications. It links the bioactive components of Parinari excelsa with their practical applications in healthcare, emphasizing the potential for these compounds in novel drug development and nutritional strategies.

12) Depression:
Depression is a serious mental health condition characterized by persistent sadness and loss of interest. The research implies that bioactive compounds may also play a role in mental health, suggesting that they possess multifaceted properties that may help alleviate symptoms or even contribute to preventive measures against depression.

13) Knowledge:
Knowledge in this context pertains to the accumulated understanding of phytochemicals and their health-related benefits. The research seeks to expand this knowledge base, highlighting how further study on Parinari excelsa can enhance our understanding of natural compounds' roles in nutrition and medicine.

14) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing illness. The bioactive compounds identified in Parinari excelsa seed oil relate directly to medicine, as they offer potential new treatments or supplements that can improve health outcomes for various diseases.

15) Species:
Species refers to the classification of living organisms. Parinari excelsa is one specific species within the Chrysobalanaceae family. Identifying and studying different species is crucial in pharmacognosy, as various plants give rise to a wide array of bioactive compounds with unique medicinal properties.

16) Coconut (Cocoanut):
Coconut can refer to other significant plant parts beneficial for health. While not the focus in this article, the comparison highlights how various coconut derivatives share similar nutritional profiles or pharmacological potentials, emphasizing the broader exploration of plant-based resources in health.

17) Science (Scientific):
Science is the systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions. The study at hand contributes to the scientific discourse on plant bioactive components, showing their significance in nutrition and therapeutic applications in human health.

18) Family:
The family classification in biological taxonomy aids in understanding the relationships among different organisms. The study of the Chrysobalanaceae family, which includes Parinari excelsa, highlights the importance of genetic relationships in exploring shared bioactive properties beneficial for developing new health treatments.

19) Kohli:
Kohli refers to a researcher cited in the article, contributing to the understanding of bioactive compounds and their health implications. Acknowledging researchers helps contextualize scientific discussions, presenting evidence supporting claims regarding the anti-inflammatory and therapeutic properties of specific phytochemicals.

20) Study (Studying):
The study embodies systematic research aimed at uncovering the bioactive components of Parinari excelsa seed oil. This inquiry seeks to establish connections between these compounds and their potential health benefits, reinforcing the relevance of pharmacognosy in discovering new natural medicines.

21) Drug:
A drug is a substance used for medical treatment, a crucial aspect of healthcare. The findings from bioactive components in plants highlight their potential for drug development, reinforcing the significance of natural products in creating effective therapies and enhancing existing medical treatments.

22) Beta:
Beta may refer to various contexts such as beta-blockers in pharmacology. In the context of this research, it highlights the significance of beta-caryophyllene and other bioactive substances, underscoring their roles in cardiovascular health and overall physiological effects through specific biochemical pathways.

23) Food:
Food is essential for nourishment and can also provide bioactive compounds that offer health benefits. The study emphasizes that the bioactive components found in Parinari excelsa can have potential applications in food science, contributing to human health and nutrition through dietary means.

24) Soup:
Soup represents a food preparation that may incorporate beneficial ingredients like the seed oil from Parinari excelsa. The study suggests that traditional foods can be enhanced with medicinal properties, indicating a synergy between culinary practices and the therapeutic potential of natural ingredients.

25) Rich (Rch):
Rich denotes an abundance of a particular quality, such as nutrient content or bioactive compounds. The oil from Parinari excelsa seeds is described as rich in bioactive components, signifying its potential role as a valuable resource for developing functional foods and medicinal supplements.

26) Oil:
Oils refer to lipid substances that can be derived from various plant sources, including seeds. The study focuses on the oil extracted from Parinari excelsa seeds, emphasizing its role as a source of valuable bioactive compounds with potential health benefits, showcasing the importance of natural oils in nutrition.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Evaluation of bioactive components of parinari excelsa seed oil’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Phytochemical, Traditional medicine, Oxidative stress, Cardiovascular disease, Biological Activity, Anti-diabetic properties, Molecular weight, Secondary metabolite, Retention time, Nutritional Challenges, Hydro distillation, GC-MS analysis, Anti-inflammatory response, Bioactive component, Human nutrition, Anti-nutrient, Pharmaceutical ingredient.

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