"Sutika Paricharya and Samanya Paricharya: A Review"
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: An ayurvedic concept of sutika paricharya and clinical importance of samanya paricharya – a review
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Dr. Soniya and Dr. Meenakshi Pandey
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: An ayurvedic concept of sutika paricharya and clinical importance of samanya paricharya – a review
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr201912-15956
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Motherhood is recognized as a profound and joyous transition for women, often accompanied by significant physical and emotional challenges during and after childbirth. In Ayurveda, the postpartum period, known as "Sutika," is emphasized for its importance in a woman's recovery and health restoration. This period begins immediately after delivery, once the placenta is expelled, and continues as long as the mother breastfeeds. Proper care during the "Sutika" phase, termed "Sutika Paricharya," is vital to prevent complications and support the mother's transition back to a healthy state. The ancient Ayurvedic texts provide guidelines to facilitate this essential recovery phase.
Importance of Sutika Paricharya
Sutika Paricharya consists of specific practices aimed at nurturing the postpartum woman. This care regimen addresses the physical and emotional toll experienced due to childbirth. It includes a combination of dietary recommendations, therapeutic practices, and nurturing care that focuses on restoring bodily balance and enhancing recovery. Key principles such as "Vata Shamana" (pacifying the Vata dosha), "Agni deepana" (stimulating digestive fire), and "Dhatupusti" (nourishing the tissues) are fundamental. The objective is to ensure that postpartum women regain their lost health and well-being, reaching a state similar to their pre-pregnancy condition.
Therapeutic Practices in Sutika Paricharya
Ayurvedic texts prescribe various therapeutic practices during the "Sutika" phase to support recovery. These practices include "Abhyanga" (oil massage), which nourishes the body, improves circulation, and alleviates any pain or discomfort. Additional recommendations such as "Snehapana" (consuming medicated ghee or oils), "Udaravesthana" (abdominal wrapping), and "Parisheka" (pouring warm water over the body) are encouraged to enhance well-being. The rituals involve psychological support mechanisms, like the fixation of protective amulets, and are believed to be crucial for the mother’s mental peace and recovery during this vulnerable time.
Diet and Its Role in Recovery
Dietary practices outlined in Ayurveda during the postpartum phase play a significant role in the recovery of women. "Sutika" is encouraged to consume nourishing foods that foster tissue recovery and milk production. Ingredients such as "Yava" (barley), "Kola" (bananas), and "Kulatha" (horse gram) are recommended for their restorative properties. "Mamsa rasa" (meat broth) is particularly esteemed for replenishing lost nutrients and promoting strength. The diet, therefore, acts as a cornerstone of the "Sutika Paricharya" regimen, crucially supporting the restoration of vigor and health following childbirth.
Conclusion
Sutika Paricharya encompasses a comprehensive framework of care for postpartum women, reflecting ancient Ayurvedic wisdom that remains relevant today. Through its structured dietary and therapeutic recommendations, it addresses both physical ailments and emotional well-being, facilitating a smoother transition into motherhood. The practices outlined in this traditional system not only aim to restore health but also aim to prevent potential complications that could arise post-delivery. Emphasizing the holistic nature of Ayurveda, these recommendations highlight the importance of nurturing the mother and aiding her recovery, thereby promoting her overall health and the well-being of her infant.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is Sutika and when does it occur?
Sutika refers to a woman after delivery, specifically after the expulsion of the placenta, and lasts until she stops breastfeeding. This period is crucial for recovery and self-care.
What is the main focus of Sutika Paricharya?
Sutika Paricharya emphasizes the care of women during the puerperium to restore their physical and mental health, preventing complications and promoting healing after childbirth.
What are the key principles of Sutika Paricharya?
Key principles include Vatashamana, Agnideepana, Pachana, Raktavardhaka, Stanyavardhaka, among others, aimed at restoring balance and health during recovery.
What dietary recommendations are there during Sutika?
Diet should include easily digestible foods rich in nutrients, such as Yava, Kola, and Kulatha, to support recovery and maintain lactation.
What are some activities to avoid during the Sutika period?
During the Sutika period, excess exercise, sexual intercourse, stress, exposure to cold, and engaging in Panchakarma are advised against to prevent complications.
What clinical significance does Sutika Paricharya hold?
Sutika Paricharya is essential for restoring women's health post-delivery, ensuring proper nutrient intake, and preventing various potential health issues.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “"Sutika Paricharya and Samanya Paricharya: A Review"”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Sutika:
Sutika refers to a woman immediately following childbirth, particularly in the context of Ayurvedic practices focused on her postnatal care. This term encompasses various physical, emotional, and health-related aspects that require attention during this critical period, emphasizing the need for restorative treatments to ensure her well-being.
2) Soniya:
Soniya is the name of one of the authors of the review article discussing Ayurvedic postnatal care, specifically Sutika Paricharya. This illustrates the involvement of healthcare professionals in exploring traditional practices and their clinical significance, highlighting the importance of academic contributions to maternal health in Ayurveda.
3) Abhyanga (Abhyamga):
Abhyanga is a therapeutic Ayurvedic massage that plays a significant role in postnatal care. It involves applying warm oils to the mother's body, enhancing blood circulation, relaxing muscles, and rejuvenating bodily systems, particularly important after the physical strain of childbirth to aid in recovery and well-being.
4) Drug:
The singular form 'drug' implies a specific medicinal substance prescribed in Ayurvedic practices. This could refer to a particular herb or formulation utilized to address postnatal health issues, underscoring the personalized component of Ayurvedic medicine in treatment protocols, especially for new mothers.
5) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is a traditional Indian system of medicine emphasizing holistic health and wellness. It integrates physical, mental, and spiritual well-being through natural remedies, dietary guidelines, and lifestyle practices. This ancient science plays a crucial role in maternal health, particularly through practices like Sutika Paricharya.
6) Ghrita (Ghrta):
Ghrita, or clarified butter, is a vital component in Ayurvedic treatments, celebrated for its restorative properties. It acts as a nourishing agent in postnatal care, promoting physical strength and hormonal balance while also serving as a base for many herbal preparations to enhance maternal health.
7) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa translates to 'essence' or 'flavor' in Ayurveda, extending to the therapeutic properties of food and herbs. In a postnatal context, Rasa refers to the qualities that foods and medicines must possess to support a mother’s recovery, contribute to lactation, and balance bodily humors.
8) Water:
Water is a crucial element in Ayurveda, recognized for its role in maintaining hydration and bodily functions. In postnatal practices, warm boiled water is recommended to support digestion, detoxification, and recovery, emphasizing the importance of hydration in the restoration of health post-delivery.
9) Taila (Thaila):
Taila means oil in Ayurveda and is commonly used in various treatments, including Abhyanga. It serves to soothe and nourish the body during the postnatal period, offering healing properties while also facilitating a relaxing experience for the mother, which is essential for recovery and well-being.
10) Table:
In the context of the review, 'table' refers to a structured presentation of information, usually showing data related to various Ayurvedic practices or regimens. Tables provide clarity and organization, making complex information more accessible, particularly regarding postnatal care recommendations according to different texts.
11) Blood:
Blood is a vital fluid in the body, typically associated with nourishment and vitality in Ayurvedic practice. Postpartum, the focus on maintaining healthy blood composition is crucial for recovery, particularly to address issues like anemia, which new mothers might experience due to childbirth.
12) Kola:
Kola, or banana, is recognized in Ayurvedic diets for its nutritional benefits. It serves as a source of essential vitamins and minerals, contributing to strength and energy restoration in postnatal care, helping mothers regain vitality after the taxing experience of childbirth.
13) Yava:
Yava, or barley, is a nutritious grain utilized in Ayurvedic postnatal diets. It provides essential nutrients that aid recovery, support lactation, and replenish energy, making it a key dietary component for mothers during the critical postnatal period to ensure overall health and wellness.
14) Diet:
Diet in this context refers to the specific food and nutrition guidelines prescribed for postnatal care in Ayurveda. A proper diet during this phase is essential for the mother's recovery, replenishing lost energy, enhancing lactation, and maintaining overall health post-delivery.
15) Parisheka (Pariseka):
Parisheka refers to the process of pouring warm liquids over the body as part of Ayurvedic therapies, often used in the postnatal regimen. This practice helps to soothe muscles, enhance circulation, and promote relaxation, critical for recovery after the physical stress of childbirth.
16) Pregnant:
Pregnant refers to the condition of carrying a developing fetus inside the womb, a significant phase that requires careful attention to the health and well-being of the mother. The transition to motherhood also sets the stage for specific postpartum care regimens outlined in Ayurveda.
17) Samhita:
Samhita denotes ancient Ayurvedic texts that compile extensive knowledge about medicine, treatments, and lifestyle practices. These texts provide foundational guidelines for practitioners, especially regarding maternal care and interventions necessary for postpartum recovery, influencing modern Ayurvedic practices.
18) Pippali (Pippalin):
Pippali, or long pepper, is an important herb in Ayurveda recognized for its digestive and restorative properties. It is commonly included in recipes for postnatal care to enhance digestion, alleviate any postpartum digestive issues, and promote recovery and rejuvenation in new mothers.
19) Disease:
Diseases denote various health issues or conditions that may arise, particularly during the postpartum period. Ayurveda emphasizes preventive care through structured practices like Sutika Paricharya to mitigate the risk of diseases following childbirth, aiding in smoother recoveries for mothers.
20) Labour (Labor):
Labour refers to the process of childbirth, which poses significant physical demands on women. Post-labour care in Ayurveda, exemplified by Sutika Paricharya, focuses on healing and recovery, addressing the physical and emotional repercussions of this transformative experience.
21) Sneha:
Sneha represents oily substances in Ayurveda, particularly ghee or oil, used in treatments for their nourishing and soothing properties. In postnatal care, Sneha serves vital roles in helping to restore balance, support lactation, and enhance recovery for new mothers.
22) Ahara:
Ahara refers to diet or food intake in Ayurveda, emphasizing the importance of nutrition for health. In the context of postnatal care, Ahara signifies the need for a carefully planned diet to support recovery and restore strength for mothers during the critical postpartum period.
23) Dhatu:
Dhatus signify the bodily tissues foundational to health in Ayurveda. The restoration and balance of Dhatus are crucial during the postpartum period as mothers work to recover their physical integrity following the demanding process of childbirth.
24) Study (Studying):
Study in this context refers to the examination and review of Ayurvedic practices and their relevance to maternal health. Analytical research into traditional knowledge like Sutika Paricharya is paramount to integrating ancient wisdom with modern healthcare approaches for better maternal outcomes.
25) Agni:
Agni represents the digestive fire in Ayurveda, fundamental for health and well-being. Postpartum, regulating Agni is essential for digestion, nutrition absorption, and restoring energy balance, underscoring its importance in the dietary management of new mothers.
26) Vata:
Vata is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda associated with air and movement, influencing bodily functions. After childbirth, balancing Vata is crucial to prevent disorders and support healing, making its regulation a significant focus in postnatal care practices.
27) Mamsarasa (Mamsa-rasa):
Mamsa-rasa refers to the essence or extract of meat in Ayurveda, acknowledged for its nutritional richness. In postnatal diets, Mamsa-rasa is considered beneficial for replenishing strength, energy, and supporting overall recovery and lactation in new mothers.
28) Striroga (Stri-roga):
Stri-roga encompasses women's health issues in Ayurveda, addressing a range of conditions. Understanding and treating Stri-roga, particularly in the postnatal period, is essential to manage complications and support recovery through targeted dietary and lifestyle interventions for new mothers.
29) Guggulu:
Guggulu is a resin used in Ayurvedic medicine recognized for its therapeutic properties, particularly in managing inflammation and promoting health. Its application in postnatal care illustrates Ayurveda's holistic approach to recovery, ensuring mothers regain health and vitality after childbirth.
30) Prasuti:
Prasuti translates to childbirth or delivery in Ayurveda, encompassing the entire process and its surrounding care practices. Special attention to Prasuti and its aftermath is fundamental in Ayurveda, ensuring that new mothers receive the necessary support and treatment to ensure their recovery.
31) Kulatha:
Kulatha, or horse gram, is a nutritious pulse used in Ayurvedic diets, particularly noted for its high protein content. It plays a role in postnatal nutrition, helping mothers rebuild strength and vitality after labor, contributing positively to their overall health.
32) Apathya:
Apathya signifies those foods or practices considered harmful in Ayurveda, particularly in specific conditions. Awareness of Apathya is crucial during postpartum care to avoid practices that could hinder recovery or exacerbate health challenges faced by new mothers.
33) Tantra (Tamtra, Tantrism):
Tantra involves the methodology or system of techniques in Ayurveda. In the context of maternal health, Tantra signifies the structured approaches taken in treatments and practices that contribute to a holistic understanding of women's health during and after childbirth.
34) Dravya:
Dravyas encompasses substances, particularly herbs or minerals used in Ayurvedic formulations. Each Dravya has specific therapeutic properties that contribute to the well-being of new mothers, ensuring holistic support and treatment in postnatal care methodologies.
35) Hridya (Hrdya):
Hridya refers to a collection or compilation of Ayurvedic knowledge and guidelines. Hridya contributes to a broader understanding of the treatments and practices beneficial for women, emphasizing the importance of comprehensively addressing maternal health issues through established Ayurvedic texts.
36) Vihara:
Vihara pertains to activities, lifestyle practices, or behavioral conduct in Ayurveda. In postnatal care, adhering to guidelines of Vihara is essential for ensuring recovery and maintaining well-being, forming an integral part of the comprehensive care outlined during Sutika Paricharya.
37) Pathya:
Pathya signifies appropriate or beneficial dietary and lifestyle practices in Ayurveda. It highlights the essence of guidance offered to new mothers to foster health and wellness, especially during the recovery phase following childbirth, ensuring that they regain strength and vitality.
38) Mamsa (Mamsha):
Mamsa refers to meat in Ayurvedic discourse, recognized for its high nutritional value. It is often included in postnatal diets to aid in recovery, support lactation, and replenish nutritional deficiencies experienced by mothers during the postpartum period.
39) Ushna (Usna):
Ushna, meaning warm or hot, describes temperatures associated with certain foods or treatments in Ayurveda. In the context of postnatal care, Ushna is significant because warm treatments and foods are traditionally prescribed to soothe and promote healing for new mothers.
40) India:
India is the country where Ayurveda originated, playing a historical and cultural role in the development and practice of traditional medicine. Indian culture emphasizes health and wellness, particularly in the context of maternal care, integrating ancient practices into modern healthcare.
41) Yusa (Yusha):
Yusha refers to a form of brothy soup made from various grains or pulses, valued for its nutritional benefits in Ayurveda. In postnatal diets, Yusha offers nourishment and hydration, contributing to the overall well-being and recovery of new mothers.
42) Balya:
Balya signifies elements that promote strength and vitality in Ayurveda. In postnatal care, incorporating Balya foods and practices is central to helping mothers regain physical strength and endurance after the strain of childbirth, supporting a healthier recovery process.
43) Roga:
Roga translates to diseases or disorders in Ayurveda. Understanding Rogas specific to women, especially during the postpartum period, is essential for creating effective treatment plans that address the unique health challenges faced by new mothers.
44) Yoni (Yonin):
Yoni refers to the female reproductive organ in Ayurveda. The term is often used in the context of physical and emotional care during and after childbirth, focusing on recovery practices that promote proper hygiene, healing, and health in new mothers.
45) Pippalimula:
Pippalimula signifies the root of the long pepper plant, utilized in Ayurvedic medicine for its health benefits. In postnatal care, Pippalimula is valued for its digestive aid properties and ability to enhance overall recovery for women after childbirth.
46) Brimhaniya (Brmhaniya):
Brimhaniya encompasses substances or practices considered nourishing and revitalizing. In postnatal contexts, Brimhaniya approaches focus on supporting recovery and strength restoration for mothers, ensuring they regain vitality and are capable of meeting their maternal responsibilities.
47) Agnimandya (Agni-mandya, Agnimamdya):
Agnimandya refers to a state of weakened digestive fire in Ayurveda. After childbirth, many women experience Agnimandya, necessitating dietary interventions to restore digestive strength, which is crucial for recovering and maintaining overall health in the postpartum period.
48) Science (Scientific):
Science refers to systematic knowledge gained through observation and experimentation. Integrating Scientific perspectives into Ayurvedic practices enhances understanding and acceptance, particularly when addressing maternal care and postnatal recovery.
49) Avagahana:
Avagahana pertains to the immersion or soaking process utilized in Ayurvedic therapies. This practice enhances relaxation and detoxification, which is particularly beneficial in postpartum care, contributing to physical and mental wellness for new mothers during their recovery.
50) Meenakshi:
Meenakshi is the name of the co-author of the review article focused on Ayurvedic postpartum care. This signifies the collective effort in conducting research and contributing to the knowledge surrounding maternal health and the application of traditional practices in modern medicine.
51) Vatadosha (Vatadosa, Vata-dosha):
Vatadosha refers to one of the three primary doshas in Ayurveda associated with air and movement. Post-delivery, balancing Vatadosha is crucial for preventing complications and ensuring a smooth recovery, with specific Ayurvedic treatments aimed at managing its effects on women's health.
52) Vatahara (Vata-ahara):
Vatahara signifies substances or treatments that pacify Vata dosha. During the postpartum period, employing Vatahara approaches is essential to ensure physical and emotional well-being, providing stability and support to new mothers during their recovery after childbirth.
53) Samgraha (Sangraha):
Sangraha refers to the compilation and synthesis of Ayurvedic knowledge and practices. A proper Sangraha enables practitioners to draw from historical texts while applying culturally relevant methods to facilitate maternal care and treatment strategies for postpartum recovery.
54) Activity:
Activity refers to both physical and mental engagements in Ayurveda, emphasizing the importance of balanced lifestyles. For new mothers, monitoring levels of Activity is crucial during the recovery phase to avoid overexertion while promoting healthy engagement with their environment.
55) Madhura:
Madhura signifies sweetness or sweet substances in Ayurveda. This aspect influences dietary recommendations for postpartum care, where Madhura foods are encouraged to nourish and revitalize, restoring energy levels that may have depleted during childbirth.
56) Samanya:
Samanya means general or common and refers to principles or practices that apply broadly in Ayurveda. In the context of Sutika Paricharya, Samanya principles highlight universal strategies for promoting health and recovery in the postpartum period for all new mothers.
57) Avagaha:
Avagaha refers to the process of immersion or bathing usually performed with warm water and herbal mixtures in Ayurvedic practices. This soothing treatment helps in relaxation, detoxification, and rejuvenation, pivotal for mothers recovering after childbirth.
58) Vriddhi (Vrddhi):
Vriddhi denotes growth or increase, referring to the process of increasing strength and vitality in Ayurvedic terminology. Postpartum, achieving Vriddhi is essential for mothers to regain their health and support the physical demands of nurturing their newborn.
59) Sevana:
Sevana translates to service or care in Ayurveda, emphasizing the need for proper management of health, particularly in the postnatal period. Careful Sevana practices ensure that new mothers receive holistic support tailored to their recovery needs.
60) Harita:
Harita refers to certain herbal plants or medicines in Ayurveda used for health benefits. Employing Harita in postnatal diets and treatments supports mothers' recovery by enhancing essential nutrient intake and promoting overall vitality during the postpartum phase.
61) Laghu:
Laghu translates to 'light' in Ayurveda, often used to describe foods that are easy to digest. Incorporating Laghu foods during the postnatal period supports digestive health, ensures effective nutrient absorption, and prevents discomfort in new mothers as they heal.
62) Agaru:
Agaru refers to a fragrant wood sometimes used in Ayurvedic medicine for its calming properties. In postnatal care, Agaru may play a role in promoting relaxation and mental clarity, thereby enhancing the overall well-being of new mothers during recovery.
63) Manda (Mamda):
Manda signifies a soft or gruel-like consistency in food preparations used in Ayurvedic diets. Manda is particularly beneficial for postpartum care since it is soothing, easy to digest, and provides necessary nutrition for recovery in new mothers.
64) Birth:
Birth signifies the moment of delivery, marking a significant life event for women. Following Birth, the emphasis on proper care through practices like Sutika Paricharya ensures that mothers receive the necessary support for a healthy recovery and well-being.
65) Nakar:
Nagar refers to a type of herb known for its medicinal properties in Ayurveda. Its use in postnatal treatments highlights the reliance on natural substances to promote health and manage recovery challenges faced by new mothers after childbirth.
66) Peya:
Peya refers to a thin soup or gruel-like preparation in Ayurveda, essential in nurturing practices. In postnatal care, Peya provides hydration and nourishment, aiding recovery, and is often included in diets prescribed for new mothers.
67) Rich (Rch):
Rich denotes the abundance of nutrients or beneficial properties in food. In a postnatal context, 'rich' relates to the essential foods and preparations that provide the necessary nutrition for new mothers, facilitating effective recovery after childbirth.
68) Pain:
Pain is a common experience following childbirth, often associated with physical exertion and recovery. Addressing Pain through Ayurvedic treatments ensures that new mothers receive appropriate care to alleviate discomfort and promote overall healing.
69) Hand:
Hand signifies the physical aspect of care and nurturing in Ayurveda. It represents the ways through which practitioners support mothers in their recovery during the postpartum period, emphasizing the importance of gentle, supportive, and healing interactions.
70) Life:
Life reflects the transformative journey of motherhood toward new beginnings. Ayurveda emphasizes caring practices during this phase to support the continuous health and well-being of both mother and child, creating a nurturing environment for life to flourish.
71) Transformation (Transform, Transforming):
Transformation captures the profound changes women experience during and after pregnancy. Ayurvedic practices like Sutika Paricharya are designed to support this life-altering process, facilitating physical and emotional shifts necessary for new motherhood and health restoration.
72) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Anti-bacterial describes substances that inhibit bacterial growth. In Ayurvedic postnatal care, employing anti-bacterial components helps maintain hygiene and prevent infections, crucial for safeguarding maternal health after the physical vulnerabilities experienced during labor.
73) Vranashodhana (Vranasodhana, Vrana-shodhana):
Vranashodhana refers to the cleansing of wounds in Ayurveda. This concept is particularly relevant post-childbirth when mothers may experience perineal trauma; therefore, appropriate treatment is necessary for recovery and prevents complications related to surgical sites or tears.
74) Madhuradravya (Madhura-dravya):
Madhuradravya pertains to sweet substances or foods beneficial for health. Incorporating Madhuradravya within postnatal diets is significant for nourishment and recovery, catering to the energy demands of new mothers as they adjust to their roles after childbirth.
75) Stanyajanana (Stanya-janana):
Stanyajanana refers to the process of stimulating lactation in nursing mothers. In postnatal care, ensuring effective Stanyajanana through dietary and lifestyle practices is essential for nurturing infants while promoting maternal health during the breastfeeding period.
[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 136]