Efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing hemorrhage in orthopedics

a meta-analysis

| Posted in: Science

Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Efficacy of tranexamic acid to reduce hemorrhage and blood transfusion in major orthopedic surgeries
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
This page presents a generated summary with additional references; See source (below) for actual content.
Subtitle: a meta-analysis

Original source:

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Author:

Abdullah Ali Altulihi, Mohamed Mahmoud Aljondi, Maali Omar Abdulrahman Alrashed, Saleh Abdulrahman Alrusayni, Abdulmajeed Ahmed Medawi Assiri, Mubark Hamed Alsharari, Ali Saad Alshahrani, Abdullatef Ahmad Alenzi, Ahmed Abdulrahman Baghdadi, Maan Alnour Almahi, Ibrahim Tareq Amer


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: Efficacy of tranexamic acid to reduce hemorrhage and blood transfusion in major orthopedic surgeries

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr201913-16274


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Summary of article contents:

1) Introduction

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent that has shown effectiveness in minimizing bleeding during surgical procedures. Its application across various surgical specialties, including orthopedic surgeries, has become increasingly recognized as a beneficial strategy to reduce hemorrhage and the need for blood transfusions. This study aims to synthesize data regarding the efficacy of TXA in major orthopedic surgeries through a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies.

2) Efficacy of Tranexamic Acid in Reducing Blood Loss

The primary outcome of interest in assessing TXA's effectiveness is the total blood loss during orthopedic surgeries. The meta-analysis revealed a significant reduction in mean total blood loss in patients who received TXA compared to those in the control group, with a reported p-value of less than 0.01. This finding underscores the potential of TXA as a crucial intervention to mitigate excessive bleeding, which is particularly common during major orthopedic procedures like hip and knee arthroplasties.

3) Intra-operative Outcomes and TXA Usage

In terms of secondary outcomes, the analysis found that TXA also significantly reduced intra-operative blood loss. Among the studies evaluated, the random-effects model indicated a statistically significant decrease in intra-operative blood loss for the TXA group compared to controls. This highlights TXA's role in enhancing surgical efficacy by maintaining hemostasis during critical moments of surgery, though the specificity of TXA's benefits varies depending on the study design and surgical context.

4) Post-operative Blood Loss Considerations

Remarkably, the results concerning post-operative blood loss showed a non-significant difference between the TXA group and the control group. While some prior studies indicated reduced post-operative blood loss with TXA, this meta-analysis suggests variability in outcomes based on different surgical techniques and patient populations. The mixed results underscore the complexity of bleeding management post-surgery and indicate a need for further investigation to clarify TXA's role in this context.

5) Conclusion

In conclusion, the meta-analysis cements the importance of tranexamic acid in reducing total and intra-operative blood loss in patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries. While TXA demonstrates considerable efficacy in decreasing the need for blood transfusions, its impact on post-operative bleeding remains inconclusive and warrants further research. As evidence mounts regarding TXA's benefits, its adoption in orthopedic surgical protocols may enhance patient outcomes and minimize the complications associated with transfusion requirements.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is the primary objective of the study on TXA?

The study aims to provide cumulative data regarding the efficacy of tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing hemorrhage and blood transfusion during major orthopedic surgeries.

How many studies were included in the meta-analysis?

A total of seven studies comprising 557 patients were included, with 287 in the TXA group and 270 in the control group.

What were the primary and secondary outcomes measured in the study?

The primary outcome measured was total blood loss, while the secondary outcomes included intra-operative and post-operative blood loss.

What were the results regarding total blood loss in the TXA group?

The meta-analysis showed a significant decrease in total blood loss in the TXA group (p = 0.004) compared to the control group.

Was there a significant reduction in post-operative blood loss with TXA?

No, the meta-analysis indicated no significant difference in post-operative blood loss (p > 0.05) between the TXA and control groups.

What conclusion was drawn regarding TXA's effectiveness in orthopedic surgery?

TXA significantly reduces blood loss and blood transfusion requirements in patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing hemorrhage in orthopedics”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Blood:
Blood is a vital fluid that circulates in the body, carrying oxygen and nutrients to cells and removing waste products. In the context of the study, blood loss during major orthopedic surgeries is a significant concern, impacting recovery times and potentially leading to the need for blood transfusions.

2) Study (Studying):
A study, in this context, refers to a systematic investigation aimed at providing new insights or findings in medical research. The research evaluates the efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss in orthopedic surgeries, utilizing randomized controlled trials to gather quantitative data for analysis.

3) Post:
Post pertains to anything occurring after a specific point in time. In the context of the study, post-operative refers to the period following surgery where monitoring for complications, including blood loss, takes place. Data on post-operative blood loss is significant for understanding the effectiveness of treatments like tranexamic acid.

4) King:
King refers to King Abdulaziz University, one of the institutions involved in the study. This university plays a crucial role in healthcare education and research in Saudi Arabia. The involvement of such institutions underscores the collaboration among healthcare professionals in addressing significant clinical issues in surgery.

5) Water:
In the medical context, water is fundamental for human life and health, often referred to in studies to discuss hydration or fluid management during surgeries. Effective hydration can impact complications related to blood loss and the overall clinical outcomes for patients undergoing procedures.

6) Bleeding:
Bleeding is the loss of blood from the circulatory system, which can be a critical complication in orthopedic surgeries. Managing bleeding effectively is essential for postoperative recovery. The study assesses how tranexamic acid can mitigate bleeding risks, potentially improving patient outcomes and reducing transfusion needs.

7) Forest:
Forest refers to a type of graphical representation in meta-analyses, known as a forest plot. This plot visually summarizes the results of multiple studies, indicating the effect sizes and confidence intervals. It's critical in presenting the pooled results of the effect of tranexamic acid across different studies clearly.

8) Table:
Table refers to a structured arrangement of data or results, commonly used to summarize findings in research. The table in the study presents detailed patient characteristics and outcome measures, making it easier for readers to understand the distribution of data and compare different results from the included studies.

9) Medicine:
Medicine encompasses the field related to the health sciences, focusing on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. In this study, medicine plays a central role as the research aims to improve practices in orthopedic surgery, specifically in the use of tranexamic acid to enhance patient care.

10) Surface:
Surface, in a medical context, often relates to the surface of tissues or organs where surgical procedures may occur. In the study, surface could refer to the role of blood clotting on the surfaces of tissues affected during surgery and how tranexamic acid interacts to prevent excessive bleeding.

11) Gupta:
Gupta refers to one of the authors of the study. The inclusion of Gupta illustrates the collaborative nature of the research, contributing to the diversity of insights and expertise. Such collaborations are vital in comprehensively addressing health issues and advancing medical knowledge.

12) Bali:
Bali refers to another researcher cited in the study. Citing Bali's work shows the importance of existing literature in supporting the current research findings. It contextualizes the study within a broader scientific conversation about blood loss management in orthopedic surgery.

13) Ovid:
Ovid refers to a database used for accessing medical research literature. In this study, it signifies the platforms where the literature search was conducted, ensuring thorough literature review and comprehensive data gathering that supports the credibility and breadth of the study's findings.

14) Wind:
Wind refers to a researcher mentioned in the study's citations. As with other authors, Wind's research represents prior work in the area of blood management, guiding the current study. This serves to highlight the interconnectedness of scientific research and how findings build upon one another.

15) Discussion:
Discussion is a section of the research where findings are interpreted and contextualized within the existing body of knowledge. It provides insights into the implications of the study's results, addresses limitations, and suggests areas for future research, ultimately contributing to the advancement of medical practices.

16) Relative:
Relative refers to the relationship between different factors or outcomes in a study. It can imply findings based on comparisons, like comparing blood loss in TXA and control groups. Understanding relative differences is essential in evaluating treatment effectiveness and ensuring appropriate clinical decisions.

17) Meeting:
Meeting refers to gatherings of professionals or stakeholders to discuss relevant topics. In research, meetings often lead to collaborations and sharing of new findings. The impact of such meetings can influence future research directions and clinical guidelines in medical practice.

18) Dealer:
Dealer is typically used to refer to a distributor or seller, particularly of drugs or medical supplies. While not a directly applicable term in the study, understanding the role of pharmaceutical dealers is important in the broader context of ensuring access to essential medications like tranexamic acid for patient care.

19) Doubt:
Doubt refers to uncertainty regarding findings or methodologies in research. Addressing doubt is critical in scientific inquiry as it can affect the acceptance and reliability of study results. Researchers aim to reduce doubt through rigorous methodology and transparent reporting of their findings and limitations.

20) Drug:
Drug usually refers to a single pharmacological substance. In this study, tranexamic acid is the primary drug investigated, focusing on its specific role and impact in managing blood loss during orthopedic surgeries, thus underscoring the importance of targeted pharmacological interventions in clinical practice.

21) Man (Men):
Maan refers to a health professional involved in the study. Mentioning Maan highlights the collaborative effort in the research, indicating the importance of teamwork in gathering data, analyzing results, and contributing to the literature on effective strategies for reducing blood loss in surgery.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Efficacy of tranexamic acid in reducing hemorrhage in orthopedics’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Blood loss, Meta analysis, Systematic search, Prospective studies, Primary Outcome, Surgical trauma, Retrospective Studies, Secondary outcome.

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