Synthesis and characterization of chitosan-PANI-TiO2 nanoparticles.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Synthesis of chitosan-polyaniline-tio2 polymer based nano particles and their characterization
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Original source:
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R. Ranjith, Dr. Shameela Rajam and R. Pandiyan
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Synthesis of chitosan-polyaniline-tio2 polymer based nano particles and their characterization
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20187-11706
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The synthesis of nanoparticles has garnered significant attention in recent years due to their unique properties and potential applications in various fields, including environmental remediation and sensor technology. This study focuses on the development of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles doped with chitosan-polyaniline (CS-PANI) through a wet chemical method. The resulting nanocomposite was characterized using techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to evaluate its structural and morphological properties. This work aims to explore the synergy between the components and potential applications of the synthesized nanomaterials.
Chitosan: A Sustainable Biopolymer
Chitosan has emerged as an important biopolymer due to its abundance, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. It is known for its superior characteristics, including high mechanical strength and excellent film-forming ability. Interest in hybrid composite materials based on chitosan has been growing because of the potential to combine its beneficial properties with those of metal oxides and conducting polymers. Chitosan has demonstrated efficacy in adsorbing metal ions from wastewater, making it a promising candidate for applications in environmental cleanup and wastewater treatment.
Polyaniline (PANI): A Versatile Conducting Polymer
Polyaniline (PANI) is recognized for its unique electrical and optical properties, making it a subject of extensive research. It is relatively easy to prepare and has a lower production cost compared to other conducting polymers. PANI's redox behavior and high environmental stability have led to its utilization in various applications such as sensors, organic lightweight batteries, and anticorrosive coatings. The study presents the synthesis of PANI in combination with chitosan and TiO₂, enhancing the material's functionality for potential environmental applications.
Characterization Techniques: Understanding the Nanocomposite
The synthesized chitosan-PANI-TiO₂ nanocomposite was characterized using FT-IR, XRD, and SEM techniques. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed characteristic absorption peaks corresponding to the functional groups present in the nanocomposite, indicating successful polymerization and interaction between the components. XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of TiO₂ and the presence of PANI, enabling the calculation of average crystallite size using the Scherrer formula, which indicated a size of approximately 3 nm. SEM images provided insights into the morphology of the nanocomposite, showcasing the flakes of PANI and spherical TiO₂ particles.
Conclusion
This study highlights the successful synthesis of chitosan-polyaniline-TiO₂ nanoparticles and their characterization through various analytical methods. The findings suggest that combining chitosan and polyaniline with titanium dioxide results in a composite material with potential functionalities for diverse applications, particularly in environmental remediation. The research not only contributes to the understanding of nanocomposite synthesis but also lays the groundwork for future studies into their practical applications in addressing emerging environmental challenges. Further investigation is warranted to explore the specific applications and efficacy of these nanocomposite materials in various fields.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the main focus of the research on CS-PANI-TiO2?
The research focuses on synthesizing chitosan-polyaniline-TiO2 nanoparticles using a wet chemical method and characterizing their structural properties through techniques like XRD, FT-IR, and SEM.
What properties make chitosan a valuable biopolymer?
Chitosan is biocompatible, strong, cost-effective, chemically inert, biodegradable, and has excellent film forming ability, making it suitable for a range of applications, including wastewater treatment.
What is the significance of polyaniline in the study?
Polyaniline (PANI) is highlighted for its low cost, environmental stability, and effectiveness in adsorbing dyes and sensing gases, which are crucial for various technological applications.
How were the nanoparticles characterized in this research?
The nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to analyze their structural and morphological properties.
What results were observed in the XRD analysis?
XRD analysis revealed that the TiO2 peaks corresponded well with established reference patterns, indicating the presence of both rutile and anatase forms in the synthesized composite.
What future research directions are suggested in the study?
Future research may focus on further exploring the applications of the synthesized chitosan-polyaniline-TiO2 nanoparticles, particularly in environmental remediation and sensing technologies.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Synthesis and characterization of chitosan-PANI-TiO2 nanoparticles.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Pani (Panin):
PANI stands for polyaniline, a conducting polymer known for its ease of preparation and wide range of applications, including sensors and batteries. It is highlighted for its unique redox properties, environmental stability, and effectiveness in adsorbing pollutants, making it relevant in environmental remediation and materials science.
2) Composite:
Composites are materials composed of two or more distinct phases to achieve desired mechanical and physical properties. The paper analyzes the creation of chitosan-PANI-TiO2 composites, emphasizing their enhanced characteristics due to the synergistic effects of the individual components, which are vital in material science applications.
3) India:
India is a country in South Asia, home to a diverse range of cultures, languages, and scientific research initiatives. This research on chitosan-polyaniline-TiO2 synthesis originates from India, reflecting the country's involvement in advanced material science and environmental studies to tackle pollution and resource management.
4) Water:
Water is a critical solvent and reagent in chemical processes. In this study, Millipore water purifications were emphasized, highlighting its importance in achieving high purity levels in experiments involving the synthesis of chitosan-polyaniline-TiO2 nanoparticles, which is essential for consistent and reliable research outcomes.
5) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
Tamil Nadu is a state in southern India known for its rich cultural heritage and educational institutions. The research was conducted at Bishop Heber College in Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, showcasing the state's contributions to science and its focus on innovative material synthesis for various industrial applications.
6) Surface:
Surface characteristics play a critical role in determining the interactions of materials. The surface morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles was analyzed using SEM, revealing valuable information about their structure and potential efficiency in applications like adsorption and sensor technologies, addressing environmental challenges.
7) Field:
Field in a scientific context typically refers to a specific area of study or application. The research falls under the field of nanotechnology and material science, exploring the synthesis and characterization of polymer-based nanoparticles, which have applications across various industries, including environmental remediation and electronics.
8) Tamil:
Tamil refers to the language and culture of the Tamil people, predominantly found in Tamil Nadu, India, and parts of Sri Lanka. The language serves as a medium of communication in academic publications and is instrumental in disseminating research findings among regional scholars and the global academic community.
9) Study (Studying):
Studying is the act of examining or exploring a particular subject in detail. This research emphasizes the studying of chitosan-polyaniline-TiO2 composites' synthesis and properties, contributing to deeper understanding and potential advancements in the field of nanotechnology and applications in environmental remediation.
10) Nadu:
Nadu, in this context, is part of 'Tamil Nadu,' a significant state in India. Its addition highlights the regional identity associated with the research, linking the work conducted to the specific geographic, cultural, and academic environment that fosters advancements in materials science and technology.
11) Purification:
Purification involves the process of removing impurities from substances, which is crucial in ensuring the quality of reagents used in scientific experiments. In the research, purification of aniline and use of Millipore water emphasizes the importance of high-purity inputs for reliable and reproducible synthesis outcomes.
12) Transformation (Transform, Transforming):
Transform refers to the process of changing one form or state into another. In this research context, it relates to the transformation of raw materials, such as chitosan and aniline, into functional nanoparticles through polymerization, illustrating the synthesis process as a pivotal aspect of material science.
13) Pantiyar (Pantiyan):
Pandiyan, mentioned as one of the authors, represents a key contributor to the research on chitosan-polyaniline-TiO2 nanoparticles. The acknowledgment of individual researchers highlights their collaborative efforts in advancing scientific knowledge and fosters recognition of their roles in academia and material science.
14) Chennai:
Chennai is a major city in Tamil Nadu, India, known for its educational institutions and research facilities. The city plays a crucial role in advancing scientific research and innovation, contributing to studies like the synthesis of chitosan-polyaniline-TiO2 nanoparticles, thereby impacting regional and global scientific communities.
15) Emerald:
Emerald in this context refers to the color change observed during the polymerization process of aniline. As the solution transitions to emerald green, it indicates the formation of polyaniline, a significant indicator of the successful synthesis of conducting polymer composites that have diverse applications.
16) Kerala:
Kerala is a state in southern India known for its rich biodiversity and high literacy rates. The research mentions sourcing chitosan from the state, reflecting its contributions to science and natural resources. Kerala's prominence in natural products aligns with advances in environmental sustainability studies.
17) Powder:
Powder refers to a solid substance composed of finely divided particles. In this study, the characterization of synthesized nanoparticles may involve powder X-ray diffraction techniques, providing insights into their crystallinity and phase composition, which are critical for evaluating material properties in various applications.
18) Food:
Food generally refers to substances consumed for nutritional support. The relevance of food may extend to the applications of chitosan in food preservation and safety, reflecting how biopolymers like chitosan intersect with food science, enhancing shelf life and addressing environmental challenges associated with packaging.