A review on concept of srotas
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: A review on concept of srotas
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Vd. Priyanka P. Raut and Vd. Suryakant D. Rokade
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: A review on concept of srotas
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr201816-13295
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Ayurveda, translating to "the science of life," is an ancient medical tradition from India that emphasizes the balance of body, mind, and soul. A key element in understanding human physiology within Ayurveda is the concept of Srotas—the macro and micro channels through which essential substances circulate. Srotas facilitate the transport of nutrients, waste products, and bodily elements such as Doshas (energies), Dhatus (tissues), and Mala (wastes), all of which are crucial for maintaining health. The smooth functioning of these channels plays a vital role in achieving overall wellness.
Importance of Srotas
Srotas are categorized as both gross and subtle channels, encompassing visible systems like the intestines and blood vessels, and finer systems such as capillaries. The term Srotas originates from the root word meaning "to flow," highlighting their primary function of facilitating the movement of bodily substances. According to Acharya Charak, Srotas serve as structural entities for the transport of Dhatus, with each channel having specific roles depending on the material being carried. This channel concept carries profound clinical significance, as any obstruction or imbalance in the Srotas can initiate disease processes within the body.
Types of Srotas
Srotas are classified into two major types: Abhyantara Srotas (internal channels) and Bhirimukha Srotas (external channels). Acharya Charak identified 13 primary internal Srotas, which connect the body to its external environment and facilitate specific functions associated with the various Dhatus. These include channels for pranavaha (breath), anavaha (food), and raktavaha (blood), among others. The diverse roles of these channels underscore their importance in bodily function, emphasizing that an adequate understanding of Srotas is essential for both practitioners and health professionals.
Srotas Dysfunction
The term Srotodushti refers to any structural or functional defect within these channels, which can lead to health issues. Srotas can become obstructed, excessively active, or misdirected, each presenting unique health challenges. For example, conditions like increased urine production or vascular problems may arise from such obstructions. The interplay between Srotas and Dhatus suggests that disruptions in one can lead to adverse effects in others, reinforcing the interconnected nature of bodily systems. Awareness of these dysfunctions is vital for prevention and treatment in Ayurveda.
Conclusion
Srotas are fundamental to the Ayurvedic understanding of human health, acting as the channels for various bodily substances and facilitating essential metabolic processes. Preserving the integrity and functionality of these channels is critical for overall health, growth, and development. A comprehensive understanding of Srotas is essential for anyone aspiring to practice Ayurveda effectively, as knowledge about their origins, pathways, and potential dysfunctions plays a crucial role in diagnosing and treating various conditions. The study of Srotas thus remains central to achieving the goals of holistic well-being in Ayurveda.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What does Ayurveda mean and what is its focus?
Ayurveda, meaning 'the science of life', is an ancient Indian medical system that emphasizes the equilibrium of body, mind, and soul for maintaining health.
What are Srotas and what is their role in the body?
Srotas are channels or pathways within the body that transport nutrients, waste products, and Doshas. They facilitate the smooth flow necessary for health and fitness.
How many types of Srotas are described in Ayurveda?
Ayurveda recognizes two main types of Srotas: Abhyantara Srotas, which are internal, and Bhirmukha Srotas, which connect the body to the external environment.
What are some examples of Abhyantara Srotas in Ayurveda?
Examples of Abhyantara Srotas include Pranavaha for breath, Annavaha for food, Rasavaha for plasma, and Raktavaha for blood transport.
What is Srotodusti and how does it affect health?
Srotodusti refers to the structural or functional defects in Srotas. If Srotas are blocked or imbalanced, it leads to disease and affects the tissues they transport.
Why is understanding Srotas important for practitioners of Ayurveda?
Understanding Srotas is crucial as they are fundamental to bodily functions. Knowledge of their paths, origins, and materials helps practitioners maintain and restore health.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “A review on concept of srotas”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Srotas (Shrotas):
Srotas refers to the channels within the human body that facilitate circulation and transport of various substances, including nutrients and waste products. These macro and micro channels are essential for maintaining physiological balance and supporting metabolic processes, directly linking their state to health and wellness in Ayurveda.
2) Channel:
A channel in the context of Ayurveda represents a conduit through which vital substances flow. Channels encompass both the gross anatomical structures like blood vessels and finer pathways responsible for the movement of nutrients, wastes, and energies vital for sustaining life and harmony within the body.
3) Dhatu:
Dhatu signifies the vital tissues of the body as categorized in Ayurvedic medicine. These include the building blocks of the physical body, responsible for growth, nourishment, and tissue repair. The harmonious interaction of dhatus is essential for maintaining health and preventing disease.
4) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda, the ancient science of life, focuses on harmonious existence of body, mind, and soul. It promotes holistic health through natural therapies and lifestyle changes. Understanding the principles of Ayurveda helps individuals maintain balance and prevent illness through natural means, and is rooted in extensive knowledge.
5) Vitiation (Vitiated):
Vitiated describes a state where normal physiological functions are disrupted due to external or internal factors. In Ayurveda, vitiated srotas lead to disease manifestations, emphasizing the importance of maintaining their integrity for health.
6) Transformation (Transform, Transforming):
To transform refers to the process of changing substances into different forms within the body, particularly during metabolism. This concept is central to Ayurveda, as it indicates how nutrients are processed to sustain biological functions.
7) Disease:
Disease in the Ayurvedic context arises from imbalances or obstructions within the srotas or channels. Such disruptions can lead to ineffective functioning of the body systems, prompting a range of symptoms and health challenges, necessitating a comprehensive understanding for effective management.
8) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosha represents the three bio-energies (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) in Ayurveda that govern physiological and psychological processes. Imbalances among doshas lead to the root cause of diseases. Understanding dosha is key to identifying health issues and customizing treatment approaches.
9) Science (Scientific):
In the context of Ayurveda, science refers to systematic knowledge regarding health, disease, and therapeutic interventions. It encompasses empirical observations and principles that guide practitioners in understanding the body’s functions and its responses to various treatments.
10) Human body:
The human body is viewed as a complex system in Ayurveda composed of various components, including srotas, dhatus, and doshas. Its holistic understanding allows for effective diagnosis, treatment, and maintenance of health through Ayurvedic principles and practices.
11) Life:
Life in Ayurveda represents the integrative balance of physical, mental, and spiritual aspects. It emphasizes health, longevity, and harmony, advocating lifestyle choices that align with natural laws to enhance quality of life and well-being.
12) Knowledge:
Knowledge is esteemed in Ayurveda as the foundation of health practices. Understanding the human body, disease, and therapeutic techniques is crucial for practitioners in providing effective care and promoting health within the community.
13) Blood:
Blood is one of the vital dhatus that circulates through the body’s srotas, delivering nutrients and oxygen while removing waste. Its health is critical to overall well-being, and disturbances in its flow can signal or lead to health issues.
14) Veda:
Veda, translating to 'knowledge' in Sanskrit, encompasses a wide range of ancient texts, including those that form the basis for Ayurveda. It reflects the scientific understanding of life's processes, guiding principles for practice in health and wellness.
15) Sira (Shira):
Sira refers to the specific channels or veins in the body responsible for transporting blood and nutrients. It is often mentioned in discussions about the circulatory system and the flow of vital substances, indicating its importance in overall health.
16) Mala:
Mala denotes the waste products generated from bodily processes. In Ayurveda, efficient removal of mala is essential to maintain health, as accumulation or obstruction can lead to disease. Understanding mala is crucial for effective bodily function.
17) Rasavahasrotas (Rasavaha-srotas):
Rasavaha-srotas are the channels specifically responsible for carrying lymph and plasma throughout the body. Their health is vital for ensuring adequate nourishment of tissues and maintaining fluid balance, which is integral to overall well-being in Ayurvedic practices.
18) Maharashtra (Maharastra, Maha-rashtra):
Maharashtra is a state in India known for its rich cultural heritage and contributions to Ayurveda. It hosts several Ayurvedic educational institutions and is a center for traditional healing practices, bridging the ancient science with modern practices.
19) Abhyantara (Abhyamtara):
Abhyantara refers to the internal srotas or channels within the body that transport essential nutrients and wastes. It highlights the internal pathways connected to different organs, reinforcing the intricate network vital for sustaining life and health.
20) Substance:
Substance in Ayurveda refers to the various elements and materials that are used in treatments, such as herbs, minerals, and food. Understanding these substances and their roles is crucial for formulating effective health interventions.
21) Pradhana:
Pradhana means primary or chief. In the Ayurvedic context, it refers to the most significant elements or structures, such as key dhatus or srotas, that play crucial roles in maintaining health and balance within the body.
22) Granthi (Gramthi):
Granthi signifies localized blockages or constrictions within the srotas. This can lead to conditions like varicose veins or blockage in arteries. Understanding granthi is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment of circulatory issues in Ayurveda.
23) Prameha:
Prameha is a term for a group of metabolic disorders characterized by frequent urination and related symptoms. In Ayurvedic practice, it is associated with imbalances in the doshas and dysfunctions within the srotas, requiring comprehensive management strategies.
24) Utpatti:
Utpatti refers to the origin or birth of something. In Ayurveda, it often pertains to the formation of elements such as srotas in the body, highlighting the connection between developmental processes and health outcomes.
25) Sharira (Sarira):
Sharira translates to the physical body in Ayurveda. It is viewed as a composite system where physical, mental, and spiritual elements interact, and maintaining the Sharira's balance is crucial for overall health.
26) Vritta (Vrtta):
Vritta refers to a circular or round shape. In Ayurvedic descriptions of srotas, many are noted to have a round or tubular form, which allows for effective passage and flow of vital substances throughout the body.
27) Dirgha:
Dirgha refers to a long or elongated structure. Many srotas are described as dirgha to indicate their length as they span across various regions of the body, playing important roles in transporting essential substances.
28) Sthula:
Sthula denotes a large or gross structure. In Ayurveda, discussions of sthula may relate to the larger channels or srotas that are key to the transport of significant quantities of substances necessary for health.
29) Ashaya (Asaya):
Ashaya signifies a place or repository. In the realm of Ayurveda, it may refer to areas in the body where dhatus or other vital substances are stored, indicating an essential aspect of bodily functions and tissue health.
30) Sthana:
Sthana refers to a location or site within the body. In Ayurveda, a thorough understanding of sthana aids in determining where functions occur and how these locations relate to overall metabolic activities and health.
31) Vihara:
Vihara denotes activities or lifestyle practices aimed at maintaining health. In Ayurveda, aligning daily activities with natural rhythms and principles is crucial in promoting balance and preventing diseases associated with wrong practices.
32) Nalika:
Nalika refers to a fine or minute channel within the body. Within Ayurvedic texts, it underscores the importance of recognizing various channel sizes in understanding how they affect health and bodily functions.
33) Chardi:
Chardi signifies vomiting, highlighting a physiological response linked to disturbances in the srotas or digestive processes. Understanding chardi is crucial in Ayurveda for addressing underlying imbalances and symptom management.
34) Nature:
Nature symbolizes the inherent qualities and characteristics of substances, actions, and life forms. In Ayurveda, it represents the balance of elements and the universal laws governing health, disease, and natural healing processes.
35) Indian:
Indian refers to the cultural and geographical context from which Ayurveda originates. Indian traditions have deeply influenced Ayurvedic practices, principles, and the holistic approach to health and wellness.
36) Ayana:
Ayana denotes direction or pathway. In the Ayurvedic framework, it reflects the concept of flow and circulation within the body, emphasizing the importance of pathway integrity for maintaining health and balance.
37) Ahara:
Ahara means food and is central to Ayurvedic philosophy, encompassing not only dietary choices but also the quality and sources. Ahara contributes significantly to health and disease outcomes, highlighting the value of mindful eating.
38) Marga:
Marga refers to pathways or routes within the body. In Ayurveda, it denotes the routes through which nutrients and energies travel, underscoring the importance of maintaining clear and functional pathways for overall health.
39) Khani:
Khani refers to the hollow structures or channels within the body that correlate with the srotas, emphasizing space as essential for circulation and the flow of physiological elements, a crucial aspect in ensuring bodily homeostasis.
40) Usma (Ushma):
Ushma signifies warmth or heat, playing a vital role in metabolic processes. In Ayurveda, maintaining an appropriate level of ushma is essential for the healthy functioning of srotas and overall bodily functions.
41) Water:
Water in Ayurveda represents a vital element for sustaining life, facilitating countless bodily functions, including digestion, absorption, and detoxification. Adequate hydration plays a significant role in maintaining the health of srotas and overall physiology.
42) Sanga (Samga, Shanga, Shamga):
Sanga refers to obstruction within the srotas, which can disrupt the natural flow of vital substances in the body. Such blockages can lead to a range of health issues, emphasizing the importance of clear channels for optimal functioning.
43) Study (Studying):
Study in Ayurveda involves learning and understanding the principles related to health, diagnosis, and healing methodologies. An in-depth study helps practitioners make informed decisions, ensuring effective and individualized patient care.
44) Prana (Pran):
Prana represents the life force or vital energy in Ayurveda. It underpins all bodily functions and is essential for sustaining life. Prana flows through the srotas, highlighting the integral relationship between energy and health.
45) Anga (Amga):
Anga refers to the body parts or limbs, playing specific roles in overall body function. Understanding the state of the anga is critical in Ayurveda for diagnosing conditions and providing holistic care.
46) Vayu:
Vayu signifies the element of air or wind, considered one of the three doshas. Regulating vayu is crucial for maintaining balance in physiological systems, as it influences various bodily functions critical to health.
47) Khad:
Khad translates to a pinch or a small opening, often used in explaining the characteristics of srotas. Understanding khad within the context of channels emphasizes the importance of dimensions and flow in maintaining health.
48) Food:
Food, or ahara, embodies the essence of nourishment and sustenance in Ayurveda. It plays a central role in determining health quality, as the choice, preparation, and consumption of food influence the body’s balance and wellness.
49) Thro:
Thro in Ayurveda context indicates the act of passing through or traveling within the body’s channels. It underscores the dynamic nature of the srotas, emphasizing their importance for circulation, metabolism, and overall health.
Other Science Concepts:
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Science of Life, Metabolic waste products, Transport system, Growth and development, Ayurvedic practitioner, Srotas concept, Vitiation of tissue.