Synthesis, characterization and chelating properties of poly[azo-(1-napthol)]
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Synthesis, characterization and chelating properties of poly[azo-(1-napthol)]
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Original source:
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Subhash B. Thakor, P. S. Patel and V. G. Patel
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Synthesis, characterization and chelating properties of poly[azo-(1-napthol)]
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr201817-13418
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
1. Introduction
The study presented in this article focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and chelating properties of a novel conducting polymer known as Poly [azo-(1-napthol)], which is synthesized through the alcoholic alkaline reduction of 4,6-dinitro resorcinol. The research highlights the significance of conducting polymers in providing unique scientific properties and commercial applications, emphasizing the advancements in electrical active polymers over recent years. The characterization methods used for the synthesized polymers include elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis, which help in understanding their structural and functional properties.
2. Self-Polymerization Process
Synthesis of Poly [azo-(1-napthol)]
The polymer is synthesized using a self-polymerization method of 4,6-dinitro resorcinol in triethylene glycol, with potassium hydroxide acting as a catalyst. The process involves gradual heating and reaction time variation, leading to the formation of black powder with a yield of 90%. The experimental setup includes neutralizing the reaction mixture using ethanol and hydrochloric acid, followed by purification through dissolution in DMF and reprecipitation. This methodology leads to the successful preparation of Poly [azo-(1-napthol)], which exhibits significant potential for application in conducting polymer technologies.
3. Chelate Formation and Characterization
Synthesis of Polychelates of Poly [azo-(1-napthol)]
Five polychelates (PAC-1 to PAC-5) were synthesized using Poly [azo-(1-napthol)] as the ligand in combination with various metal ions (Cu²⁺, Co²⁺, Mn²⁺, Zn²⁺, Ni²⁺). Each metal chelate was formed by reacting solutions of the ligand with metal salts under controlled pH conditions, leading to the precipitation of colored complexes. The resultant polychelates were characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic techniques, revealing specific molecular formulas and yields. These characterizations confirm the successful chelation of the metal ions with the polymer network.
4. Thermal and Conductivity Studies
Thermogravimetric Analysis and Conductometric Study
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted to assess the thermal stability of the synthesized polymers and their polychelates. The degradation processes were observed to occur in multiple steps across varying temperature ranges, indicating the thermal responsiveness of the materials. Furthermore, conductometric titrations were performed to evaluate the number average molecular weight (Mn) and degree of polymerization of the azo polymers, with results suggesting an increase in polymerization over extended reaction time. These findings underscore the potential of Poly [azo-(1-napthol)] in electrical applications due to its favorable thermal and conductive properties.
5. Conclusion
The research successfully demonstrates that Poly [azo-(1-napthol)] can be synthesized efficiently, leading to the formation of polychelates with various metal ions that exhibit promising electrical conducting properties. The comprehensive characterization through elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and thermal studies validates the structural integrity and functions of both the polymer and its chelates. Overall, this study paves the way for utilizing these azo polymers in advanced electrical and electronic applications, highlighting their significance in the field of conducting materials.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the main focus of the research article?
The research focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and chelating properties of Poly [azo-(1-Napthol)] polymers, including the preparation of metal chelates with various metal ions.
How was Poly [azo-(1-Napthol)] synthesized?
It was synthesized through the alcoholic alkaline reduction of 4, 6-dinitro resorcinol, followed by purification processes that yielded a black powder with a 90% yield.
What methods were used for characterizing the synthesized polymer?
The polymer was characterized using elemental analysis, IR spectra, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and conductometric titration to estimate molecular weight.
What types of metal chelates were prepared in this study?
Metal chelates were prepared with Cu2+, Co2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Ni2+ ions, each resulting in distinct complexes characterized by yield percentages.
What structural characteristics were observed in metal chelates?
The chelates exhibited octahedral structures as determined by reflectance spectra, supporting findings from other literature on transition metal complexes.
What impact does reaction time have on polymer properties?
The degree of polymerization in Poly [azo-(1-Napthol)] increases with longer reaction times, indicating a potential enhancement of its electrical conducting properties.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Synthesis, characterization and chelating properties of poly[azo-(1-napthol)]”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Water:
Water is a critical solvent used in various chemical reactions and processes, including the synthesis of Poly [azo (1-napthol)]. It plays a crucial role in dissolving reactants, facilitating chemical interactions, and controlling pH levels during reactions, as demonstrated in the preparation of polychelates where water was used for mixing chemicals.
2) Salt (Salty):
Salt, specifically the sodium salt of the ligand, was integral in the formation of metal chelates during the experiments. In coordination chemistry, salts often serve as sources of metal ions or ligands, impacting the solubility, reaction pathways, and overall success of the chelation process, as indicated in the polychelate formation.
3) Study (Studying):
The study referenced in the text involves the synthesis and characterization of poly [azo (1-napthol)] and its metal chelates. It emphasizes research methodology, results discussion, and implications in fields such as materials science and chemistry, showcasing the importance of rigorous experimental designs to validate findings.
4) Science (Scientific):
Scientific refers to the methodological approach taken in research, encompassing hypotheses, experiments, and data analysis. The systematic scientific methodology applied in this study ensures that the findings regarding Poly [azo (1-napthol)] and its metal chelates are credible and reproducible.
5) Boat:
In laboratory terms, a 'boat' refers to a sample holder made of platinum used in thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The boat's design ensures stability and accurate weight measurement of samples during heating processes, crucial for determining the thermal degradation and behavior of compounds under study.
6) Nature:
Nature refers to the inherent characteristics of materials, including their chemical properties and behaviors. Understanding the nature of polymers and their interactions with metals aids researchers in predicting material stability, conductivity, and potential applications, which is central to the findings of this research.
7) Powder:
Powder is the form in which final products, such as synthesized polymers and their chelates, were obtained after filtration and drying. The powdered form enhances the material's surface area, which is critical for subsequent analyses, including thermal gravimetric analysis and characterization techniques.
8) Patel:
Patel, noted as one of the co-authors, represents the collaborative efforts in this research. The contributions of researchers like Patel emphasize the importance of teamwork in scientific investigations, ensuring comprehensive expertise is pooled together to achieve successful results in polymer chemistry.
9) Shri (Sri, Sr):
Shri is a respectful title often used in India, indicating reverence towards individuals, commonly in academic or professional contexts. In this document, it is used before the author's name, Subhash B. Thakor, reflecting the cultural practices of addressing individuals in scholarly works.
10) Observation:
Observation is a fundamental aspect of experimental science, involving the systematic recording of phenomena and results during research. The observations made during the synthesis and characterization of poly [azo (1-napthol)] are vital for drawing conclusions about the chemical processes and behaviors being studied.
11) Heating:
Heating is an essential part of many chemical reactions. In this research, controlled heating was applied during the synthesis of the polymer and its metal chelates, influencing reaction kinetics, facilitating chemical transformations, and affecting the properties and stability of the final products.
12) Muni:
Muni is an abbreviation of 'Municipal', as reflected in the institutional affiliations of the authors. It indicates the type of educational institution involved in the research work, which can provide contextual understanding of the resources and expertise available to the researchers.
13) Calculation:
Calculation in this context refers to the quantitative analysis of data collected during experiments, such as determining the number average molecular weight of the synthesized polymers through conductometric titrations. Accurate calculations are crucial for validating experimental results and supporting scientific conclusions.
14) Measurement:
Measurement plays a pivotal role in scientific research, providing the quantitative basis for analyses. In this study, measurements of mass loss, elemental analysis, and thermal behaviors were conducted to assess the characteristics and qualities of the synthesized materials, leading to reliable interpretations.
15) Discussion:
Discussion sections in scientific papers analyze results, contextualizing findings within the broader field of knowledge. The discussion in this research interprets the implications of the experimental data, allowing for conclusions to be drawn regarding the properties and potential applications of the studied materials.
16) Colouring (Coloring):
Colouring pertains to the incorporation of chromophores or dye molecules in the polymer structure. This characteristic is significant in developing materials for various applications, such as textiles and pigments, which the research highlights as an area of interest in azo polymer studies.
17) Gujarat:
Gujarat is a state in India where the research institutions affiliated with the authors are located. Mentioning Gujarat emphasizes the geographical context of the research, demonstrating the academic contributions and advancements in chemical sciences from this region.
18) Hanging:
Hanging refers to the method used in TGA where the sample holder (boat) is suspended in the analyzer during measurements. This setup is crucial for precise weight measurements during thermal analysis and aids in determining the thermal stability of the material being tested.
19) Account:
Account is used in the scientific context to describe a detailed report or summary of findings. In this research, an account of the methodology, results, and implications is provided, which aids readers in understanding the significance and context of the study conducted.
20) Mineral:
Mineral pertains to the inorganic compounds involved in the analysis of metal content within the polymeric chelates. The mineral acids were used for decomposing the chelates during elemental analysis, playing a crucial role in determining the composition and properties of the synthesized materials.
21) Medium:
Medium refers to the phase in which reactions occur, typically a solvent or environment in which the chemical interactions take place. In this study, triethylene glycol served as a medium for the polymerization reaction, impacting the dynamics of the synthesis process.
22) Table:
Table is a structured arrangement of data, often used to present results clearly and concisely. In this paper, tables are utilized to summarize characterization data, yields, and elemental analyses of poly [azo (1-napthol)] and its chelates, aiding in the interpretation of results.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Synthesis, characterization and chelating properties of poly[azo-(1-napthol)]’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Degree of polymerization, Elemental analysis, Thermogravimetric analysis.