Assessment of bahu and pralamba bahu validation in varied dehaprakriti.

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Assessment of bahu and validation of pralamba bahu in individuals with different dehaprakriti
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Original source:

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Author:

Dr. Sarita S. Bhutada and Vd. Aniket A. Shilwant


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: Assessment of bahu and validation of pralamba bahu in individuals with different dehaprakriti

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr201818-13551


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The study presented in the "World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research" focuses on the Ayurvedic concept of Prakriti, which refers to an individual's constitution impacting their physical, psychological, social, and spiritual traits. This research aims to validate one specific feature of Kapha Prakriti called Pralamba Bahu, characterized by extensive length of the upper extremity (arm). The study assesses Bahu dimensions in 100 individuals from the G. J. Patel Institute of Ayurvedic Studies and Research (GJP-IASR), using traditional metrics to investigate the relationship between Prakriti and body structures.

Validating Pralamba Bahu

Pralamba Bahu, literally meaning “hanging arm,” signifies a physical trait where individuals have long upper extremities that distinctly exceed the standard dimension of 43 Anguli (a traditional unit of measure). The study measured the distance from the acromioclavicular joint to the tip of the middle finger using a measuring tape, looking for individuals with upper extremity lengths above 43 Anguli. Out of 100 participants, 30 were found to exhibit Pralamba Bahu, with a notable gender distribution of 13 males to 17 females.

Assessment Methodology

The methodology employed for this study involved measuring the Swa-Anguli Pramana for each participant, which assesses the distance between the medial and lateral edges of the middle finger. To minimize bias, the average of both sides was calculated, and results were analyzed to confirm or reject the hypothesis concerning the characteristics of Kapha Prakriti. Specific parameters were established using appropriate Ayurvedic assessment tools, ensuring that all measurements were precise and relevant to the study's objectives.

Observations and Findings

The findings highlighted a significant correlation between Pralamba Bahu and Kapha dosha in the studied individuals. Out of the 30 subjects displaying Pralamba Bahu, about 63.33% demonstrated a dominant or secondary association with Kapha dosha. The mean measurements for the left and right Bahu were recorded at 46.30 and 46.53 Anguli, indicating that those with Kapha Prakriti tend to have well-developed extremities. These results reinforce the notion that Kapha dosha contributes notably to physical characteristics such as Bahu length.

Conclusion

The study concludes that the parameters established for assessing Pralamba Bahu contribute significantly to our understanding of Ayurvedic principles in the context of modern science. It emphasizes the distinct role of Kapha dosha in shaping physical attributes, thereby validating ancient observations regarding human morphology. The researchers advocate further studies with larger sample sizes to deepen the understanding of the relationship between Prakriti and various physical features, which can enhance the field of personalized medicine within Ayurveda.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is the focus of the study on Pralamba Bahu?

The study focuses on assessing and validating the feature of Pralamba Bahu in individuals with different Dehaprakriti, specifically exploring its association with Kapha Prakriti.

How many subjects were selected for the study?

A total of 100 students from G.J. Patel Institute of Ayurvedic Studies and Research were selected for this study to assess the dimensions of Bahu.

What measurement indicates the Pralamba Bahu feature?

Pralamba Bahu is identified in individuals whose Bahu measurement exceeds 43 Anguli, as defined by the distance from the acromioclavicular joint to the tip of the middle finger.

What proportion of participants showed Pralamba Bahu?

Out of 100 participants, 30 individuals displayed Pralamba Bahu, indicating that 30% of the selected population had this feature.

What is the significance of Kapha dosha in the study?

The study found that 63.33% of participants exhibiting Pralamba Bahu had a dominant Kapha dosha, highlighting its crucial role in the development of this physical feature.

What are the primary objectives of the research?

The research aims to assess Bahu dimensions in varying Prakriti individuals and validate the existence of Pralamba Bahu specifically in Kapha doshaja Prakriti.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Assessment of bahu and pralamba bahu validation in varied dehaprakriti.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Bahu:
Bahu refers to the arm or upper extremity in Ayurvedic terminology. Its measurement is significant as it contributes to assessing individual physical characteristics based on Prakriti. In the context of the study, it relates to the assessment of Pralamba Bahu, indicating a feature of constitutional makeup, particularly in individuals with Kapha Prakriti.

2) Prakriti (Prakrti):
Prakriti is a fundamental concept in Ayurveda representing an individual's unique physical and mental constitution. It is derived from the balance of the three doshas: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha, influencing various aspects such as behavior, susceptibility to diseases, and overall health. Understanding Prakriti is essential for personalized medicine in Ayurveda.

3) Anguli (Amguli):
Anguli is a unit of measurement in Ayurveda, traditionally derived from the individual's finger width. It holds significance in assessing various body dimensions, including Bahu. The study utilizes Anguli as a standard metric to categorize and validate physical features like Pralamba Bahu within the framework of Prakriti.

4) Kapha:
Kapha is one of the three doshas in Ayurvedic medicine, characterized by qualities such as heaviness, stability, and moisture. It plays a crucial role in physical structure and strength, influencing body composition and susceptibility to certain health conditions. A predominance of Kapha in individuals often correlates with enhanced physical features.

5) Dosha (Dosa):
Dosha refers to biological energies in Ayurveda that govern physiological processes. The three doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha—are essential in determining an individual's Prakriti and health. Each dosha manifests specific traits, which are reflected in both physical and mental characteristics, guiding personalized treatment approaches within Ayurvedic medicine.

6) Kaphadosha (Kaphadosa, Kapha-dosha):
Kapha-dosha is the dominant biological element in an individual's constitution characterized by moisture, heaviness, and stability. It significantly affects one's physique and vitality. Understanding a person's Kapha-dosha aids practitioners in tailoring Ayurvedic therapies and lifestyle recommendations to enhance health and balance inherent qualities linked to this dosha.

7) Pramana (Pramanas):
Pramana denotes the basis of measurement or standard in Ayurvedic science, determining various physical parameters and characteristics. In this study, Pramana is employed to accurately assess Bahu dimensions using Anguli, enabling researchers to analyze and validate features like Pralamba Bahu within individuals of different Prakritis.

8) Study (Studying):
The study refers to a systematic investigation aimed at understanding the relationship between Bahu dimensions and Prakriti. By quantifying physical features in individuals, it seeks to validate concepts from ancient Ayurvedic texts using modern scientific methodologies, contributing to a greater understanding of body constitution and holistic assessment.

9) Gujarat:
Gujarat is a state in western India where the study was conducted at the G. J. Patel Institute of Ayurvedic Studies and Research. The region's rich history in Ayurvedic practices and educational establishments provides a conducive environment for research aimed at validating traditional knowledge through empirical studies.

10) Observation:
Observation is a critical component of this research, involving careful measurement and documentation of individuals' physical characteristics (i.e., Bahu). The study's findings are derived from systematic observations of subjects, highlighting the connection between physical attributes and Ayurvedic principles of Prakriti, thus facilitating further inquiries into Ayurvedic science.

11) Vidya:
Vidya translates to knowledge or science in Sanskrit and denotes the pursuit of wisdom in Ayurvedic studies. The incorporation of Vidya in this research underscores the transition from traditional knowledge to modern scientific validation, emphasizing the importance of education in advancing Ayurvedic principles and practices in contemporary contexts.

12) Pradhan:
Pradhan refers to the primary or dominant aspect of an individual's constitution in the context of Prakriti. It signifies which dosha (Vata, Pitta, or Kapha) is most prevalent. Understanding Pradhan helps in tailoring personalized Ayurvedic treatments and lifestyle changes for optimal health and wellness.

13) Doshaja (Dosha-ja, Dosaja):
Doshaja indicates something that is generated or influenced by doshas. In this study, it is used to describe features or conditions resulting from the dominant dosha in an individual's Prakriti, enhancing the understanding of how dosha balance contributes to physical attributes like Pralamba Bahu.

14) Kriya:
Kriya refers to action or function in Ayurvedic terminology, often associated with bodily processes and practices. It emphasizes the connection between physical measurements and functional health in individuals. Understanding Kriya helps practitioners assess how specific actions or conditions affect one's overall Prakriti and well-being.

15) Table:
In this study, 'table' refers to the systematic arrangement of data collected from observations, providing a clear representation of findings related to Bahu dimensions in different individuals. Tables facilitate easier analysis and comparison of results, supporting the validation of Prakriti characteristics observed in the research.

16) Measurement:
Measurement refers to the quantitative assessment of physical parameters, such as Bahu length in this study. Accurate measurement is essential in establishing criteria for defining Ayurvedic features like Pralamba Bahu and creating a foundation for scientific validation of traditional Ayurvedic concepts through empirical data.

17) Science (Scientific):
Science relates to the systematic study of the natural world, employing empirical methods to validate knowledge. This research utilizes scientific approaches to evaluate Ayurvedic concepts of Prakriti and dosha, bridging traditional wisdom with modern methodologies, thus enhancing the credibility and application of Ayurveda in contemporary health practices.

18) Campus:
Campus refers to the physical location of the G. J. Patel Institute of Ayurvedic Studies and Research in Anand, Gujarat, where the study was conducted. The campus serves as a center for learning and research, promoting the exploration and application of Ayurvedic principles and methodologies in a structured environment.

19) India:
India is the birthplace of Ayurveda, a holistic medical system with a rich history. The cultural and philosophical roots of Ayurvedic practices in India inform current research and studies, such as the one described, which aims to integrate traditional knowledge with contemporary scientific validation for broader application in health and wellness.

20) Patel:
Patel refers to Dr. Sarita S. Bhutada, the lead researcher and author of the study. Her academic and professional contributions are pivotal in advancing Ayurvedic research, particularly in the context of assessing physical features and Prakriti's relevance, thereby influencing the academic and practical fields of Ayurveda in India.

21) Guna:
Guna refers to inherent qualities or attributes associated with doshas in Ayurveda. Each dosha possesses unique gunas that influence individual traits and predispositions. Understanding guna helps in identifying how they manifest in individuals' Prakriti, which is essential for creating tailored therapeutic approaches in Ayurvedic practice.

22) Discussion:
Discussion is the analytical component of research that interprets and contextualizes findings. In this study, the discussion focuses on the implications of the measurements and observations related to Bahu and Prakriti, providing insights into how traditional Ayurvedic concepts align with modern scientific understanding and validation.

23) Reflecting:
Reflecting involves contemplating or considering how the findings of the study relate back to the principles of Ayurveda. This aspect emphasizes understanding the significance of observed features, such as Pralamba Bahu, vis-à-vis Kapha dosha, and how they contribute to the broader discourse on Ayurvedic health and wellness.

24) Medicine:
Medicine in this context refers to the field of healthcare that combines traditional Ayurvedic practices with contemporary scientific methods to diagnose, prevent, and treat diseases. The integration of Ayurvedic principles into modern medicine emphasizes the holistic approach to health, where an individual's Prakriti is considered in treatment planning.

25) Samhita:
Samhita refers to ancient Ayurvedic texts that compile knowledge about health, medicine, and treatment practices. Key texts like Charak Samhita and Sushruta Samhita serve as foundational references, guiding contemporary research in validating traditional concepts, such as Prakriti and dosha, through empirical studies and clinical practices.

26) Hanging:
Hanging is used to describe the physical feature Pralamba Bahu, characterized by a significantly elongated arm. In the context of this study, it signifies a notable aspect of Bahu that contributes to understanding how dosha influences physical structure in individuals, especially those with a predominant Kapha constitution.

27) Dirgha:
Dirgha translates to 'long' in Sanskrit, referring to individuals with an elongated or extended body part. This quality is essential in identifying specific traits pertaining to Kapha Prakriti. In Ayurvedic assessment, recognizing dirgha features aids in determining appropriate health interventions that align with an individual’s constitutional attributes.

28) Sthira:
Sthira denotes stability or firmness, a quality associated with Kapha dosha. In the context of this study, it represents the notion that individuals with dominant Kapha features tend to exhibit physical characteristics that reflect stability and strength, particularly in their Bahu or upper extremities.

29) Sandra (Samdra):
Sandra refers to density or firmness, a quality attributed to Kapha dosha. In this study, individuals exhibiting Sandra characteristics might demonstrate robust and well-developed features like Pralamba Bahu, reinforcing the notion that specific qualities of doshas are reflected in individual physical attributes and health tendencies.

30) Pitta:
Pitta is one of the three doshas characterized by qualities like heat and transformation. Though this study primarily focuses on Kapha, understanding Pitta is essential for comprehensively assessing Prakriti, as it offers insights into the interactions and balance among the doshas in determining individual health profiles.

31) Deha:
Deha translates to body in Sanskrit and is relevant in the context of assessing individual physical characteristics. In Ayurvedic practice, understanding Deha through the lens of Prakriti enables practitioners to create targeted health interventions based on the constitution and unique features of each individual.

32) Bala:
Bala refers to strength or vitality, which is essential in evaluating overall health and well-being. In the study, the relationship between Kapha dosha and strength is highlighted, suggesting that dominant Kapha individuals may enjoy enhanced physical attributes, supporting the importance of assessing Bala in relaying health practices.

33) Vata:
Vata is one of the three doshas, predominantly associated with movement and dynamic qualities. Though not the focus of this study, understanding Vata’s role within the doshic framework is crucial for grasping individual health profiles and recognizing how various dosha dominance impacts physical features like Bahu.

34) Male:
Male refers to one of the two biological sexes and is significant in the study's context concerning the gender distribution of participants exhibiting Pralamba Bahu. Understanding sex differences can aid in analyzing physical characteristics and tailoring Ayurvedic health approaches specific to gender distinctions.

35) Life:
Life encompasses the holistic existence of individuals, reflecting both physical and mental dimensions. In Ayurveda, the principles of longevity, health, and vitality are essential topics. This study contributes to understanding how specific measurements and characteristics, like Pralamba Bahu, relate to life quality and overall well-being.

36) Sushruta-samhita (Susruta-samhita):
Sushruta Samhita is one of the foundational texts of Ayurveda, credited to the ancient physician Sushruta. It contains valuable insights into anatomy, surgical practices, and the physiological understanding of individuals. This study draws upon such classical resources to connect traditional knowledge with empirical findings.

37) Pittadosha (Pittadosa, Pitta-dosha):
Pitta-dosha denotes the biological element that embodies qualities like heat and metabolism. While this study focuses predominantly on Kapha, understanding the Pitta-dosha's role is crucial for a comprehensive analysis of Prakriti and addressing how multiple doshas may interact in determining individual health.

38) Calculation:
Calculation refers to the systematic approach to analyzing data collected in the study. It involves statistical assessments that help decipher relationships among physical measurements, aiding in validating Ayurvedic concepts such as Prakriti and dosha and contributing to the broader discourse within Ayurvedic research.

39) Performance:
Performance implies the functional manifestation or expression of an individual’s capabilities, influenced by Prakriti and dosha. In understanding health, performance emphasizes how body characteristics, such as those assessed in the study, impact physical activities and can affect overall well-being and lifestyle choices.

40) Vatadosha (Vatadosa, Vata-dosha):
Vata-dosha represents the dosha associated with movement, flexibility, and vitality. Though the study's main focus is on Kapha, the interaction between Vata and Kapha dosha is significant in understanding individual attributes and addressing holistic treatment approaches in Ayurveda to maintain balanced health.

41) Paripurna:
Paripurna translates to fullness or completeness, referring to the ideal state of health and well-being in an individual. In assessing physical features, especially in the context of Kapha constitution, Paripurna signifies the desired balance that reflects strong, well-developed physical attributes.

42) Knowledge:
Knowledge encapsulates the understanding and awareness gained through study and experience. In Ayurveda, knowledge encompasses the integration of traditional wisdom and modern scientific inquiry, allowing practitioners to apply learned insights in assessing health, illness, and individual constitution effectively.

43) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is the ancient Indian system of medicine that emphasizes a holistic approach to health, integrating physical, psychological, and spiritual dimensions. The principles of Ayurveda focus on maintaining balance among doshas, understanding individual Prakriti, and employing natural therapies for promoting health and well-being.

44) Tridosha (Tridosa, Tri-dosha):
Tridosha refers to the three primary biological energies—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha—that govern physiological processes in Ayurveda. This concept is foundational in understanding health, defining individual constitutions, and determining personalized treatment strategies aimed at restoring balance among these doshas for optimal health.

45) Samgraha (Sangraha):
Samgraha denotes a collection or compilation, often relating to the compilation of Ayurvedic texts and knowledge. It illustrates the importance of having comprehensive resources that integrate various aspects of Ayurveda, facilitating deeper understanding and research of traditional practices and concepts in contemporary contexts.

46) Samhata:
Samhata refers to the state of being unified or well-coordinated, often in the context of doshas working in harmony within an individual. In Ayurvedic practice, achieving Samhata is vital for maintaining health and well-being, emphasizing the need for balance among the three doshas.

47) Quality:
Quality indicates the attributes or characteristics of individuals as defined by their doshas and Prakriti. In Ayurvedic assessments, understanding quality is essential for identifying health potentials and vulnerabilities, guiding therapeutic decisions that align with the unique attributes of each individual for enhanced well-being.

48) Sharira (Sarira):
Sharira translates to the body in Ayurveda, encompassing both physical form and physiological functions. Analyzing Sharira through the lens of Prakriti allows for a comprehensive evaluation of health, guiding interventions that support the unique needs of the individual's bodily constitution and overall wellness.

49) Disease:
Disease refers to a state of imbalance or dysfunction within the body, often associated with dosha imbalances in Ayurveda. Understanding the relationship between Prakriti, doshas, and disease helps practitioners formulate effective treatment plans aimed at restoring balance and enhancing overall health.

50) Sthula:
Sthula translates to 'thick' or 'large', referring to physical characteristics often associated with Kapha dosha. In assessments of Prakriti, individuals exhibiting Sthula attributes may be classified according to their dominance of qualities that impact health, strength, and structural integrity in their body composition.

51) Mandal:
Mandal often refers to a group or sphere of influence. In this context, it could denote the educational framework surrounding Ayurvedic studies at institutions like G. J. Patel Institute, emphasizing the collaborative effort to advance Ayurvedic research and practice through shared knowledge and resources.

52) Vaksha (Vaksa):
Vaksha refers to the chest or thorax region in Ayurvedic studies, significant for understanding anatomical structures in relation to Prakriti. Its assessment can reveal information about an individual's constitution, particularly regarding vitality and respiratory functions, influencing holistic health evaluations in Ayurveda.

53) Medium:
Medium signifies an intermediate state or dimension in physiological characteristics. In Ayurveda, it relates to individuals' body types based on their Prakriti, suggesting that individuals can exhibit medium attributes that reflect a balance among the three doshas, providing guidance for personalized treatment strategies.

54) Bhuja:
Bhuja refers specifically to the arm or upper limb in Sanskrit, analogous to Bahu. In the context of the study, identifying Bhuja dimensions helps in the validation of Ayurvedic concepts regarding physical traits and ensures accuracy in understanding how upper limb features manifest in relation to dosha.

55) Sukha:
Sukha translates to 'happiness' or 'ease', encompassing both mental and physical well-being within Ayurveda. In this context, understanding Sukha emphasizes the importance of harmonious living and balance among doshas to foster a state of health and contentment, guiding personal and therapeutic choices in life.

56) Birth:
Birth represents the beginning of life and the establishment of an individual's unique Prakriti at that time. In Ayurveda, the constitution formed at birth influences one's health trajectory and inherent characteristics, which can be assessed and understood through the framework of doshas and Prakriti.

57) Guru:
Guru translates to 'teacher' or 'mentor' and holds significant status in Ayurvedic tradition as a source of knowledge and guidance. The role of the Guru extends to shaping understanding, interpreting ancient texts, and influencing modern practices, ensuring that traditional wisdom is effectively transmitted to future generations.

58) Maha (Maha°):
Maha means 'great' or 'large' in Sanskrit, often used to describe expansive qualities related to Kapha dosha. In Ayurvedic assessments, recognizing Maha features helps practitioners identify individuals with robust physical attributes, aiding in categorizing Prakriti and tailoring health strategies that align with their inherent strengths.

59) Tanu:
Tanu translates to 'thin' or 'slender', indicating characteristics typically associated with Vata dosha in Ayurveda. Understanding Tanu features aids practitioners in identifying those with Vata-dominant Prakriti, thereby facilitating targeted health interventions that honor their unique physiological attributes for achieving balance and wellness.

60) Sara (Shara):
Sara denotes essentiality or best qualities within Ayurvedic discourse. Understanding Sara in the context of doshas relates to identifying the most beneficial attributes that contribute to one's Prakriti and health status, guiding practitioners in establishing optimal treatment strategies that align with individual needs.

61) Alpa:
Alpa translates to 'small' or 'less', often referring to qualities seen in individuals with Vata dosha. Recognizing Alpa features is important for assessing overall body constitution within Ayurvedic practice, providing insights into health vulnerabilities and guiding personalized recommendations that address individual needs for balance and recovery.

62) Sama (Shama):
Sama translates to 'equal' or 'balanced', crucial in Ayurvedic understanding of health and well-being. Achieving Sama signifies the balance among the three doshas and their respective qualities, underscoring the importance of holistic approaches and ensuring that interventions address individual variations for sustained health and vitality.

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