Dental caries and nutrition in pregnant women in Sabiya, KSA 2017.

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Dental caries and nutrition among pregnant women in sabiya region, kingdom of saudi arabia- 2017 researcher
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Author:

Dr. Elham Hassan Alneamy


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: Dental caries and nutrition among pregnant women in sabiya region, kingdom of saudi arabia- 2017 researcher

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr201819-13698

Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved


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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The study conducted by Dr. Elham Hassan Alneamy in Sabya Region, Saudi Arabia, explores the prevalence of dental caries and the nutritional habits among pregnant women. With a sample size of 400 participants, the research aims to reveal insights into oral health awareness and practices during pregnancy. The findings indicate significant concerns regarding dental health, as well as gaps in knowledge and dietary habits among these women, calling for better educational initiatives on the importance of oral health during pregnancy.

Prevalence of Dental Caries

The results show that a considerable percentage of pregnant women suffer from dental caries. Notably, 33% of the participants reported having caries without pain, while only 25% believed they had healthy teeth. This high prevalence of dental issues can be attributed to several factors, including inadequate oral hygiene practices and dietary choices. The study highlights a concerning trend where many women, particularly housewives, experienced worsening oral health with increased pregnancies. Despite knowledge gaps, most women were found to primarily use toothbrushes for dental care, yet a significant portion still reported avoiding dental visits due to perceived lack of necessity or anxiety.

Nutritional Habits During Pregnancy

Another critical aspect of the study is the nutritional habits observed among the pregnant women. The majority of participants consumed vegetables and fruits only once a day, which is inadequate for optimal health. While a significant number received iron and folic acid, approximately 25.7% did not take any vitamins during their pregnancy, which poses risks for fetal development. The findings emphasize that nutritional deficiencies can not only impact maternal health but also jeopardize fetal outcomes.

Knowledge and Awareness of Oral Health

The study further investigates the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women regarding oral health. Although roughly half of the participants understood the importance of regular dental check-ups, many still only sought dental care when in pain. The prevalent misconception surrounding dental treatment and pregnancy reflects a clear need for enhanced education aimed at these women. The results reveal that most of the information on oral care was derived from dental professionals, yet many women reported lacking guidance on maintaining good oral hygiene practices.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the study underscores a pressing need for targeted educational programs aimed at improving oral health awareness among pregnant women in Sabya Region. Despite an apparent understanding of the importance of dental care, the execution of healthy practices and regular dental visits remains limited. To mitigate the risks associated with dental caries and poor nutrition, stakeholders in healthcare must prioritize educational initiatives, thereby ensuring healthier outcomes for both mothers and their children. Enhanced awareness and proactive health-seeking behaviors can significantly improve the overall oral and nutritional health of pregnant women, ultimately contributing to better prenatal and maternal care.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What was the purpose of the study conducted in Sabya Region?

The study aimed to measure dental caries and nutritional habits among pregnant women visiting primary healthcare centers in the Sabya Region, Saudi Arabia, in 2017.

What percentage of pregnant women reported being unaware of dental issues?

A significant 79.8% of the women believed they had no need to visit a dentist, indicating a lack of awareness regarding their dental health.

What were the common dental hygiene practices among participants?

Toothbrushes were the most common tool used for dental care, with 89.5% of women reporting that they brushed their teeth, predominantly in the morning or before sleep.

How did pregnancy impact dental health according to the study?

The study found that dental caries and gum diseases increased with the number of pregnancies, particularly among housewives, though no significant relation was found with age.

What nutritional habits were observed among pregnant women in the study?

Many participants indicated poor dietary habits, with a low frequency of fruit and vegetable intake, which is concerning for overall health and dental health during pregnancy.

What recommendations were made based on the study findings?

The study recommended improving dental health information, promoting regular dental visits, and reducing the consumption of sugary beverages to enhance oral health among pregnant women.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Dental caries and nutrition in pregnant women in Sabiya, KSA 2017.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Pregnant:
The term 'pregnant' refers to the condition of carrying a developing fetus within a woman's uterus. This status brings unique health considerations, especially regarding nutrition and healthcare practices, such as oral hygiene, which are critical for the well-being of both the mother and the unborn child, impacting birth outcomes.

2) Study (Studying):
A 'study' in this context refers to a systematic investigation aimed at collecting data and analyzing it to understand specific health issues among pregnant women. The study explores the prevalence of dental caries, nutrition, and health habits, contributing to broader insights in maternal health and medical research.

3) Knowledge:
'Knowledge' pertains to the understanding and information that pregnant women possess regarding oral health and nutrition. In the study, assessing knowledge levels helps identify gaps in awareness about proper dental hygiene practices and their importance during pregnancy, which is crucial for improving maternal and fetal health.

4) Pain:
The term 'pain' suggests discomfort or suffering, often associated with dental issues such as caries or gum disease. In the study, understanding how pain influences dental visits reveals critical insights into healthcare-seeking behaviors of pregnant women and the urgency of addressing dental health during pregnancy.

5) Reason:
'Reason' refers to the justification or explanation behind certain behaviors, such as why pregnant women visit or avoid dental clinics. The study investigates these reasons, which may include fear, lack of perceived need, or dental pain, providing valuable data for health promotion and intervention strategies.

6) Disease:
'Disease' indicates a pathological condition or disorder affecting health; in this study, dental diseases such as caries and gum disease are of particular interest. Understanding the prevalence and impact of these diseases on pregnant women is essential for developing targeted health interventions and improving overall maternal health.

7) Visit:
'Visit' refers to the action of going to a healthcare provider for prevention or treatment. The study assesses dental visits of pregnant women, which are crucial in monitoring and managing oral health, emphasizing the need for routine care, especially to mitigate issues arising during and after pregnancy.

8) Attending:
'Attending' denotes participating in or being present at healthcare appointments. In the study, it refers specifically to pregnant women attending antenatal clinics and health centers for dental checks, which is vital for understanding their engagement with healthcare services and the importance of regular oral health assessments.

9) Hygiene (Hygienic):
'Hygiene' relates to practices promoting health and preventing disease, especially oral hygiene practices among pregnant women. The study evaluates how these practices influence dental health outcomes during pregnancy, underscoring the significance of maintaining proper hygiene to ensure the health of both mother and fetus.

10) Education:
'Education' involves the process of acquiring knowledge and skills. In the context of the study, it aims to enhance awareness among pregnant women regarding oral health, dietary practices, and the implications of their habits on both their health and their child's health, fostering better health outcomes.

11) Table:
'Table' refers to the organized representation of data, typically in columns and rows. In the study, tables summarize findings about participants’ demographics, dental hygiene practices, and nutritional habits, facilitating clearer understanding and comparisons of data collected during the research process.

12) Family:
'Family' signifies the group of individuals related by blood or legal ties, and plays an essential role in the support structure for pregnant women. The study considers family influences on health behaviors, providing insights into how familial attitudes shape women's oral health practices during pregnancy.

13) Surface:
'Surface' typically refers to the outermost layer of something. In dental contexts, it pertains to tooth surfaces affected by caries or other diseases, where the study highlights how surface decay can compromise dental health, emphasizing the need for preventive measures among pregnant women.

14) Filling (Filled):
'Filling' refers to a dental procedure used to restore decayed teeth. The study may address the prevalence of fillings among participants, shedding light on the treatment choices made and the overall dental care practices undertaken by pregnant women.

15) Medicine:
'Medicine' denotes the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing disease. In this research, it relates to family medicine and maternal health, emphasizing the integration of oral health into comprehensive healthcare strategies for pregnant women for better overall health outcomes.

16) Language:
'Language' is the structured system of communication used by people. The study involves an Arabic language version of the questionnaire, highlighting cultural and linguistic considerations that are vital for ensuring the accuracy and accessibility of health information for study participants.

17) Bleeding:
'Bleeding' indicates the loss of blood from the body and in dental health, often relates to gum disease. The study assesses bleeding gums among participants, providing insight into their oral health status and the need for interventions to manage periodontal disease, which can impact pregnancy outcomes.

18) India:
'India' is a country known for its diverse culture and health challenges. Mentioned in the context of comparative studies, the findings from Indian studies may provide valuable insights or contrasting data regarding maternal health practices and dental care as experienced by pregnant women in different regions.

19) Birth:
'Birth' marks the event of delivering a baby, representing a critical endpoint influenced by maternal health. The study considers how dental and nutritional health during pregnancy may impact birth outcomes, highlighting the need for proper care to ensure healthy deliveries and reduce risk factors.

20) Labour (Labor):
'Labor' in this context refers to the process of childbirth. The study relates the maternal health conditions, including oral health, during pregnancy to the labor processes, underscoring the importance of comprehensive care that accounts for both physical and oral health in pregnant women.

21) Worry (Worried, Worrying):
'Worry' describes feelings of anxiety or concern. In the study, it relates to the fears pregnant women may have regarding dental visits or potential pain associated with dental care, impacting their willingness to seek necessary healthcare, which is crucial for preventing and managing oral health issues.

22) Hand:
'Hand' indicates a part of the body, typically constructed for grasping and manipulating. Although not directly related, this term could metaphorically symbolize the actions taken by women regarding personal healthcare practices, highlighting the importance of self-management in health during pregnancy.

23) Pur:
'Poor' denotes inadequate or deficient quality. In this study, it can describe the subpar oral health status or dental hygiene practices among certain participants, drawing attention to the urgent need for interventions aimed at improving dental care awareness and practices among pregnant women.

24) Life:
'Life' signifies the condition of living. The study emphasizes the significance of oral health as a crucial aspect of overall health and well-being during pregnancy, influencing both maternal and fetal health and underlining its importance for a successful life transition for expecting mothers.

25) Arabic language:
'Arabic language' is the linguistic medium used in the study to ensure comprehensibility for participants. By providing questionnaires in Arabic, the study ensures effective communication about sensitive health topics, enhancing the reliability of the data collected from the pregnant women in Saudi Arabia.

26) Perception:
'Perception' refers to the way individuals interpret and understand information. In this study, it relates to how pregnant women perceive their oral health status and the importance of maintaining good dental care, affecting their health behaviors and choices.

27) House:
'House' commonly refers to a place of residence. While not a primary focus, familial socioeconomic conditions related to housing can indirectly influence health behaviors and access to healthcare services for pregnant women, impacting their overall health and wellness.

28) Diet:
'Diet' signifies the types of food consumed. This study assesses the dietary habits of pregnant women, understanding how nutrition impacts both maternal and fetal health. Recognizing dietary trends aids in promoting healthy eating practices essential during pregnancy for optimal outcomes.

29) Sign:
'Sign' indicates a manifestation or indication of a condition. Within the study, it may refer to signs of gum disease or caries, providing important diagnostic clues that help healthcare providers assess and address dental health issues affecting pregnant women in the population.

30) Wall:
'Wall' usually describes a physical barrier. In a healthcare context, metaphorically, it may represent systemic barriers pregnant women encounter in accessing dental care, stressing the need for improved access and breaking down the barriers to better health services for this demographic.

31) Young women (Young woman):
'Young women' denotes a specific demographic engaged in fertility and reproductive health. The focus on this group in the study highlights their susceptibility to oral health issues during pregnancy and the critical need for tailored educational interventions to address their unique healthcare needs.

32) Inflammation:
'Inflammation' signifies the body's response to injury or infection, often resulting in redness and swelling. In dental health, gum inflammation can lead to periodontal disease; the study examines how inflammation affects pregnant women's oral health, impacting their overall well-being during pregnancy.

33) Calculation:
'Calculation' relates to the mathematical process of determining values. In research, it refers to the statistical analysis used to interpret data, helping identify trends and relationships, particularly in evaluating the prevalence and impact of dental issues among pregnant women.

34) Reliability:
'Reliability' refers to the consistency and dependability of measurement tools. In research, establishing the reliability of questionnaires ensures that data collected from pregnant women is valid, leading to trustworthy conclusions regarding oral health practices and outcomes.

35) Discussion:
'Discussion' is a section of research papers where authors interpret and contextualize findings. In the study, the discussion section analyzes the implications of results regarding dental health among pregnant women, facilitating a deeper understanding of the data collected and its relevance.

36) Container:
'Container' refers to an object used for holding items. In the context of health, it may indicate how samples are stored during research, ensuring sterile conditions are maintained. Proper handling of materials is essential for accurate study outcomes.

37) Swelling:
'Swelling' often indicates an accumulation of fluid or tissue response to injury. Within the study, it is relevant to analyzing signs of gum disease among pregnant women, highlighting the need for addressing such symptoms to promote oral health during pregnancy.

38) Teaching:
'Teaching' encompasses the activities involved in imparting knowledge or skills. The study underscores the importance of health education programs aimed at pregnant women to improve their understanding of dental health and encourage proactive measures in oral hygiene.

39) Udaipur (Udaypur):
'Udaipur' is a city in India referenced in the study, indicative of a broader context for dental health research. Comparisons with regions like Udaipur may provide insights into global maternal health trends and challenges related to oral care during pregnancy.

40) Writing:
'Writing' refers to the act of producing text, especially in research contexts where authors compose findings and analyses. Effective writing is crucial to convey important health messages derived from the study and to enhance the awareness of dental health issues.

41) Quality:
'Quality' indicates the standard of something. In health research, it is pertinent in evaluating the effectiveness and robustness of findings related to dental practices among pregnant women, suggesting areas for improvement and ensuring better health interventions.

42) Seat (Seated):
'Seated' describes being in a position that allows for examinations or procedures. In the context of the study, proper seating arrangements during dental check-ups ensure that pregnant women receive comfortable and professional evaluations, contributing to effective dental care.

43) Gupta:
'Gupta' refers to an author or researcher cited in the study. Their work may provide comparative insights or evidence supporting the findings, underscoring the importance of integrating existing literature to enrich understanding of dental health among pregnant women.

44) Sugar:
'Sugar' is a type of carbohydrate commonly associated with dietary habits. The study examines its impact on dental health, particularly how excessive sugar intake can lead to increased caries and a need for interventions aimed at promoting healthier dietary choices among pregnant women.

45) Ulcer:
'Ulcer' typically refers to a sore on a skin or mucous surface. In dental health, oral ulcers can be symptomatic of underlying issues that may affect pregnant women, emphasizing the necessity for dental care and monitoring during pregnancy to prevent complications.

46) Doubt:
'Doubt' refers to uncertainty regarding knowledge or beliefs. In the context of the study, it can reflect how pregnant women may feel unsure about their oral health practices or the importance of dental care, highlighting the need for educational interventions to alleviate such doubts.

47) Sweating (Sweat):
'Sweat' commonly relates to perspiration caused by physical exertion or heat. While indirectly related, it may also suggest the need for hydration or attention to personal hygiene, emphasizing the holistic approach towards health that considers various physiological aspects of pregnant women.

48) Ritu (Rtu):
'Ritu' is likely referring to Gupta, the author of studies mentioned in the literature review. Their contribution to understanding dental health practices among pregnant women may influence the study’s framework and provide validation for the research findings.

49) Shani (Sani):
'Sani' refers to a supervisor mentioned in the study, likely contributing to the research process through guidance. Recognizing such contributors underscores the collaborative nature of research and the importance of mentorship in advancing health inquiries.

50) Sara (Shara):
'Sara' likely refers to another researcher whose studies are cited in the document. Their work may provide a context or comparative analysis relevant to the findings in this study, emphasizing the interconnectedness of research within the same field.

51) Food:
'Food' signifies the substances consumed for nourishment. In this research, diet is crucial because the nutritional habits of pregnant women directly affect their health and the development of their children, which the study thoroughly investigates.

52) Fear:
'Fear' indicates an emotional response to perceived danger or harm. In the context of the study, it relates to the worries pregnant women may have regarding dental treatment, which can deter them from seeking necessary care and negatively affect their oral health.

53) Milk:
'Milk' is a vital source of calcium and other nutrients critical for pregnant women. The study evaluates milk consumption among participants, stressing its importance in dietary practices that contribute to the prevention of dental issues and overall maternal health.

54) Post:
'Post' typically refers to after or subsequent to a certain event. In the research context, it could relate to post-pregnancy health considerations or measures that should be taken to ensure continued wellness of mothers and children, emphasizing the value of ongoing care.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Dental caries and nutrition in pregnant women in Sabiya, KSA 2017.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Pregnant women, Source of information, Gingivitis, Socio-demographic factors, Salivary pH, Oral health status, Educational program, Questionnaire, Dental clinic.

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