LH and FSH levels post-kidney transplant in Sudanese males.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Luteinizing hormone and follicular stimulating hormone levels after successful kidney transplantation in sudanese male
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Shyma Mohamed Abass and Mariam Abbas Ibrahim
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Luteinizing hormone and follicular stimulating hormone levels after successful kidney transplantation in sudanese male
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr201701-7607
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Kidney transplantation (KT) is widely regarded as the preferred treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD), significantly improving patients' quality of life, including their sexual and reproductive health. However, male patients with ESRD often face endocrine abnormalities affecting the hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis, leading to issues such as sexual dysfunction and infertility. This study aimed to investigate the serum levels of gonadotropins—luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)—in Sudanese male kidney transplant recipients post-transplantation, particularly in relation to immunosuppressive medications they received.
Restoration of Hormonal Levels Post-KT
Research indicates that successful kidney transplantation can normalize hormonal levels significantly disrupted due to chronic kidney disease. The study found that both LH and FSH levels returned to normal ranges six months after KT in the recipients, with comparisons made against healthy control subjects. This normalization suggests an improvement in testicular function, alleviating the adverse endocrine effects commonly reported among males in ESRD. Different responses to immunosuppressive drugs, such as tacrolimus and cyclosporine, highlighted the influence of treatment on hormone levels.
Impact of Immunosuppressive Drugs
The study pointed out that the choice of immunosuppressive therapy may affect recovery from endocrine disruptions related to kidney failure. Recipients treated with tacrolimus showed a significant increase in LH levels compared to controls, while no significant change in FSH levels was observed in individuals taking either tacrolimus or cyclosporine. These findings suggest that while specific immunosuppressive medications can positively influence LH levels, their effects on FSH remain inconclusive. Hence, the management of immunosuppression post-transplantation plays a crucial role in hormonal recovery.
Correlation with Age and Duration After Transplantation
Additionally, the investigation explored the relationships between serum hormone levels, patient age, and time post-transplantation. A negative correlation was noted between LH levels and patient age, whereas a positive correlation was observed between FSH levels and both patient age and time after transplantation. These correlations underline the multifactorial influences on hormonal levels in kidney transplant recipients, suggesting that improved testicular functionality may be linked not only to the physiological effects of transplantation but also to the individual patient factors like age and the duration of post-transplant life.
Conclusion
In conclusion, this study reinforces the assertion that kidney transplantation can significantly restore endocrine function, specifically normalizing hormonal levels of LH and FSH in Sudanese male patients. This restoration is believed to arise from a combination of factors, including effective immunosuppressive treatment, patient age, and the time elapsed since the transplant. While the results indicate an overall improvement in reproductive hormone levels, further research is warranted to fully understand the complexities of hormonal responses related to different immunosuppressive therapies and their long-term implications on male reproductive health post-transplantation.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the main objective of the study on kidney transplantation?
The study aimed to investigate serum levels of gonadotropins (LH and FSH) in Sudanese males after kidney transplantation and assess the effects of immunosuppressive drugs on these hormone levels.
What were the criteria for including participants in the study?
Participants included male kidney transplant recipients taking cyclosporine or tacrolimus, while excluding those with conditions negatively impacting sexual or reproductive function, such as diabetes and hypertension.
How were hormone levels measured in the participants?
Hormone levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) on blood samples collected from participants six months after kidney transplantation.
What were the significant findings regarding LH and FSH levels?
Both LH and FSH levels were restored to normal ranges in kidney transplant recipients, with some correlations to age and time post-transplant observed.
Did the type of immunosuppressive drug affect hormone levels?
Yes, patients taking tacrolimus showed increased LH levels, whereas FSH levels remained unchanged in those using cyclosporine or tacrolimus.
What is the conclusion regarding hormone levels after kidney transplantation?
Successful kidney transplantation likely normalizes reproductive hormone levels, suggesting improvement in testicular function influenced by age and immunosuppressive treatments.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “LH and FSH levels post-kidney transplant in Sudanese males.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Study (Studying):
The 'Study' refers to the systematic investigation conducted to explore the impacts of kidney transplantation on hormonal levels, specifically luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in male patients. It aims to contribute valuable data concerning endocrine function post-transplantation, highlighting the study's importance in medical research and patient care.
2) Science (Scientific):
'Science' embodies the systematic pursuit of knowledge that encompasses various disciplines, including biology, medicine, and chemistry. The study incorporates scientific methods to analyze hormonal changes in kidney transplant recipients, contributing to the understanding of kidney health, endocrine systems, and the effects of treatments on these processes.
3) Drug:
'Drug' refers to the substances used, particularly the immunosuppressive medications such as tacrolimus and cyclosporine administered to kidney transplant patients. The study investigates how these drugs influence hormonal levels, emphasizing their critical role in managing transplant success and maintaining patients' health after surgery.
4) Male:
'Male' defines the gender of the patient population in this study, focusing specifically on male kidney transplant recipients. The research addresses the unique hormonal and reproductive challenges faced by men with chronic kidney disease and aims to assess how kidney transplantation affects their endocrine functionality.
5) Cutan:
'Sudan' indicates the geographical context in which the study was conducted. The relevance of conducting research in Sudan lies in its contribution to understanding local patient populations' health issues, particularly in relation to kidney disease and transplantation, which can differ from global trends due to genetic, environmental, and healthcare factors.
6) Disease:
'Disease' pertains to chronic kidney disease (CKD), which necessitates treatments like dialysis or transplantation. Understanding how CKD affects hormonal balance and sexual health is crucial for improving management strategies, informing healthcare practitioners about endocrine changes, and directing future research to enhance patient outcomes.
7) Blood:
'Blood' signifies the biological material used for hormone level assessment in this study. Analyzing blood samples allows researchers to quantify the levels of LH and FSH in patients, providing insight into how kidney transplantation impacts endocrine function and assisting in the evaluation of recovery and well-being.
8) Post:
'Post' relates to the period following kidney transplantation, specifically in the context of this study's timeframe (six months later). Investigating post-transplant effects on hormonal levels sheds light on how effectively kidney transplants restore normal endocrine function and improve overall health outcomes in recipients.
9) Discussion:
'Discussion' refers to the section of the study where results are interpreted, compared to existing literature, and contextualized within broader medical knowledge. This aspect allows researchers to address discrepancies, highlight significant findings, and evaluate the implications of the research on future clinical practices and patient treatment options.
10) Quality:
'Quality' in this context pertains to the condition and effectiveness of the hormonal outcomes observed post-kidney transplantation. It underscores the importance of achieving high-quality hormone restoration as a measure of successful transplantation outcomes and improved sexual health, reinforcing the relevance of selecting appropriate immunosuppressive therapies.
11) Line:
'Line' can reference the research methodology or the underlying principles that guide the study's structure and focus. In scientific research, maintaining a clear line of inquiry ensures that the findings relate directly to the study objectives, fostering clarity and coherence within the overall investigation.
12) Hand:
'Hand' symbolizes involvement or responsibility in the context of healthcare. It may imply the role of healthcare providers in monitoring and managing kidney transplant patients' hormone levels, guiding treatment decisions, and ensuring comprehensive care to optimize health outcomes after transplantation.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘LH and FSH levels post-kidney transplant in Sudanese males.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Statistical analysis, Sampling technique, Study population, Ethical consideration, End stage renal disease, Chronic Kidney Disease, Follicle-stimulating hormone, Luteinizing hormone, Negative correlation, Positive correlation, Kidney transplantation, Immunosuppressive drug, Cyclosporine, Gonadotropin.