Pre- pregnancy weight and fetal growth moroccan data

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Pre- pregnancy weight and fetal growth moroccan data
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Original source:

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Author:

Latifa Mochhoury, Rachid Razine, Nadia Hasswane, Fatimazahra Laamiri, A. Kharbach, M. Mrabet, Hassan Agunaou and Amina Barkat


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: Pre- pregnancy weight and fetal growth moroccan data

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20174-8221


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The study conducted by Latifa Mochhoury et al. focuses on the relationship between pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI) and fetal growth, highlighting various maternal factors and socioeconomic risks that contribute to intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). The research was a descriptive-transversal study involving a cohort of 1,408 healthy, non-diabetic women delivering singleton infants in Morocco. The objective was to establish anthropometric parameters of newborns and assess how maternal pre-pregnancy weight impacts fetal growth and birth outcomes.

Impact of Maternal BMI on Birth Weight

One of the key findings of the research is the significant correlation between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and the birth weight of newborns. The study categorized maternal BMI into four groups: underweight (<18.5 kg/m²), normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m²), overweight (25–29.9 kg/m²), and obesity (≥30 kg/m²). Results indicated that maternal weight directly affects fetal growth, with higher birth weights associated with higher maternal BMI categories. Specifically, newborns born to obese women exhibited an increased risk of macrosomia (excessive birth weight), while underweight mothers had a higher prevalence of low birth weight infants.

Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Fetal Growth

The study also emphasizes the influence of socioeconomic factors on fetal growth and maternal health. Women from lower socioeconomic backgrounds demonstrated poorer maternal nutritional status, which subsequently affected birth outcomes. The analysis suggests that income and maternal education level play critical roles in determining access to proper nutrition and healthcare during pregnancy, ultimately impacting fetal development. These findings align with previous research indicating that low socioeconomic status negatively correlates with the health of both mothers and their infants, leading to adverse birth outcomes.

Maternal Nutritional Status and IUGR

Another important aspect of the study is the association between maternal nutritional deficiencies and instances of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). The research established that adolescent mothers, those with a pre-pregnancy weight below 50 kg, or a BMI under 20 kg/m² were at a significantly greater risk of having infants with IUGR. This highlights the critical need for effective dietary interventions targeting nutritional intake both pre- and during pregnancy, especially for vulnerable populations. The findings suggest that an emphasis on maternal health education and intervention strategies is necessary to mitigate the risk of undernutrition and its effects on fetal growth.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the study underscores the vital importance of maternal pre-pregnancy weight and BMI as determinants of fetal growth outcomes. By highlighting the relationship between these maternal factors, socioeconomic influences, and the risk of IUGR, the authors advocate for targeted interventions to improve maternal nutrition and health education. Addressing these factors through healthcare policies and prenatal programs is essential for ensuring healthier pregnancies and better birth outcomes, particularly among populations at risk. Continuous efforts in educating women about the significance of maintaining a healthy weight and nutritional status before and during pregnancy are crucial for optimizing fetal health and reducing the prevalence of adverse birth outcomes.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What was the time frame of the study on maternal factors and fetal growth?

The study was conducted over a period of one year, from October 1, 2010, to October 1, 2011.

How many women participated in the study, and what were their criteria?

A total of 1,408 nondiabetic women who delivered singletons from 37 to 42 weeks gestation participated, focusing on those who knew their pre-pregnancy weight.

What are the classifications of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) used?

BMI was classified into four categories: underweight (<18.5), normal weight (18.5–24.9), overweight (25–29.9), and obesity (>30 kg/m²).

What were the findings regarding birth weight and maternal factors?

The study found that maternal pre-pregnancy BMI significantly influenced neonatal anthropometric parameters, with higher birth weights associated with normal weight and overweight mothers.

What risks did teenage mothers face according to the study?

Teenage mothers and those with low pre-pregnancy weight were at a higher risk of giving birth to children with intrauterine growth retardation.

What recommendations do the authors suggest for improving maternal health?

The authors recommend ongoing prenatal education about healthy weight gain and preconception care programs for women with low or high BMI.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Pre- pregnancy weight and fetal growth moroccan data”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Birth:
Birth refers to the process of delivering a newborn, marking the transition of the fetus from the intrauterine environment to the external world. It is a significant event influenced by various factors such as maternal health, nutrition, and socioeconomic conditions, ultimately affecting neonatal health outcomes like low birth weight or macrosomia.

2) Study (Studying):
A study is a systematic investigation designed to analyze specific phenomena, focusing on collecting data to understand relationships. In this context, the study examines maternal pre-pregnancy weight and its impact on fetal growth. Validating findings can inform public health initiatives and improve maternal and child health outcomes.

3) Malnutrition:
Malnutrition refers to deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in a person's intake of energy or nutrients. In this context, maternal malnutrition, particularly during pregnancy, can adversely affect fetal growth and birth weight, leading to complications such as intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and negatively impacting maternal and child health.

4) Table:
A table organizes data systematically to present findings clearly for analysis and interpretation. In scientific literature, tables summarize characteristics, correlations, and statistical outcomes, making it easier to compare variables such as birth weight in relation to maternal body mass index (BMI) and other factors influencing maternal and neonatal health.

5) Medicine:
Medicine is a field that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases and health conditions. It encompasses various practices and research, including maternal and child health, which are critical to understanding the effects of pre-pregnancy weight on fetal growth and identifying health interventions to improve outcomes.

6) Pregnant:
Pregnant refers to the condition of carrying a developing fetus in the uterus. Maternal health during pregnancy is crucial, as various factors, including weight, nutrition, and socioeconomic status, directly impact fetal development, growth parameters, and overall health outcomes for the newborn during and after delivery.

7) Disease:
Disease denotes any condition that disrupts normal bodily functions and is often associated with specific symptoms and signs. In pregnancy, chronic diseases such as diabetes can complicate the gestational period, influencing maternal weight gain and fetal growth, thus highlighting the importance of monitoring and managing health conditions during pregnancy.

8) Medium:
Medium has various meanings, but in this context, it suggests the environment or modalities through which fetal growth and development occur. The intrauterine medium, influenced by maternal factors like nutrition and health, plays a crucial role in determining fetal outcomes, emphasizing the importance of maternal well-being.

9) Blood:
Blood is vital for sustaining life, transporting oxygen and nutrients throughout the body. During pregnancy, maternal blood supply increases to support the developing fetus. Maternal and fetal blood glucose levels, among other factors, significantly impact fetal growth, with implications for complications like gestational diabetes and fetal macrosomia.

10) Hand:
Hand may refer to manual assistance or intervention in a healthcare context. In maternal healthcare, techniques involving hand measurements, such as assessing fundal height, are important for evaluating pregnancy progress and fetal growth, allowing healthcare providers to monitor potential complications during prenatal check-ups.

11) Pur:
Poor often describes inadequate economic or social conditions affecting an individual's capabilities. In maternal health, poor nutritional status or low socioeconomic status can lead to adverse birth outcomes, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and support systems to mitigate risks associated with pregnancy and childbirth.

12) Measurement:
Measurement involves quantifying specific variables to gather data needed for analysis. In this research, precise measurements of maternal height, weight, and fetal anthropometric parameters are vital for establishing correlations between maternal factors and newborn health, facilitating evidence-based health recommendations and practices.

13) Evolution:
Evolution can refer to gradual changes over time, often in biological contexts. In human health, understanding how maternal and fetal characteristics evolve and adapt can clarify how different influences, such as nutrition or genetics, contribute to health outcomes, reinforcing the significance of pre-pregnancy health planning.

14) Education:
Education involves the transfer of knowledge and skills, critical for empowering individuals to make informed health decisions. In maternal and child health, education regarding nutrition and prenatal care can positively impact pregnancy outcomes, raising awareness about the importance of healthy weight and lifestyle choices.

15) Science (Scientific):
Science is the systematic study of the natural world through observation and experimentation. In the context of maternal and fetal health, scientific research provides invaluable insights into the relationships between variables such as pre-pregnancy BMI and fetal growth, guiding public health policies and practices.

16) Family:
Family represents the social unit that influences individual behavior and well-being. In maternal health, family dynamics, including support systems and socioeconomic factors, significantly impact a woman's health during pregnancy, ultimately affecting fetal growth outcomes and the health of future generations.

17) Diet:
Diet refers to the dietary choices individuals make, impacting health and nutrition. In pregnant women, a balanced diet is crucial for fetal development. Maternal dietary habits can significantly influence birth weight and growth, emphasizing the importance of nutrition and dietary counseling before and during pregnancy.

18) Cina:
Sina refers to a specific location or institution, possibly related to healthcare. In this study context, it could relate to the hospital system in Morocco where maternal health research occurs. It highlights the geographic and institutional focus of healthcare services and research in particular populations.

19) Observation:
Observation is a critical method in research that involves closely monitoring phenomena to gather data. In maternal health studies, observational data can yield insights into correlations between maternal characteristics and fetal outcomes, aiding healthcare providers in identifying risks and implementing interventions for better health outcomes.

20) Discussion:
Discussion involves analyzing and interpreting results within a research context. It provides insights into the implications of findings, comparing them with existing literature, and suggest practical applications. In maternal health research, discussions help clarify the influence of maternal factors on fetal growth and guide future research directions.

21) Hanging:
Hanging in this context may refer metaphorically to the precariousness of a situation. In maternal and fetal health, it could symbolize the vulnerability of newborns when maternal health is not optimal, thereby emphasizing the need for interventions to support pregnant women and secure healthy birth outcomes.

22) Species:
Species denote categories of living organisms sharing common characteristics. In nutritional studies involving animals, observing the growth impacts on different species helps inform understanding of human fetal development. Such comparisons may elucidate factors affecting growth and nutrition across varying biological and environmental contexts.

23) Filling (Filled):
Filling typically refers to completing information or processes. In the context of a study, it may relate to compiling data from questionnaires or forms completed by participants. Effectively filling these forms ensures the collection of reliable data crucial for understanding maternal impact on fetal health.

24) Famine:
Famine refers to severe scarcity of food, leading to malnutrition and health crises. The relationship between famine and maternal nutrition underscores its detrimental effects on fetal growth. Research illustrates how environmental conditions, including famine, can critically affect the health of pregnant women and their newborns.

25) Animal:
Animal studies often provide insights into human health. By analyzing maternal nutrition and fetal growth patterns in animals, researchers can better understand similar mechanisms in humans, informing interventions necessary to ensure health during pregnancy and reduce risks for low birth weight or growth retardation.

26) Sugar:
Sugar, or glucose, is a vital energy source for the body, particularly during pregnancy. Abnormal blood sugar levels can lead to complications such as gestational diabetes, impacting fetal growth. Understanding sugar metabolism during pregnancy is essential for managing maternal health and safeguarding fetal development.

27) Edema (Oedema):
Edema refers to swelling caused by excess fluid accumulation. In pregnancy, edema can indicate complications or poor nutritional status. Recognizing and addressing edema is important in maternal healthcare, as it can influence both maternal health outcomes and the general well-being of the fetus.

28) Death:
Death signifies the end of life and is a critical concern in maternal and neonatal health. Understanding the risk factors associated with maternal death during pregnancy or childbirth is essential for improving healthcare practices. Effective interventions aim to reduce maternal and infant mortality rates.

29) Food:
Food refers to substances consumed to provide nutritional support to the body. In pregnancy, proper nutritional intake is critical for maternal health and fetal development. Ensuring access to sufficient, healthy food contributes to preventing malnourishment and promotes better pregnancy outcomes and overall health.

30) Line:
Line can refer to lineage or generational factors, highlighting that health issues can be passed down through families. It emphasizes the importance of understanding genetic influences on maternal and fetal health, suggesting that healthcare professionals consider familial patterns when addressing maternal nutritional needs and risks.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Pre- pregnancy weight and fetal growth moroccan data’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Socioeconomic status, Ethical consideration, Low birth weight, Body mass index (BMI), Intrauterine growth retardation, Anthropometric parameters, Maternal factors, Fetal growth, Health care provider, Statistical package for social science, Neonatal complication, Pregnancy Complication.

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