Clinical profile and outcome of children with pleural effusion.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Clinical profile and outcome of children with pleural effusion.
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Dr. Sudhir Mehta
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Full text available for: Clinical profile and outcome of children with pleural effusion.
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 0.20959/wjpr20175-8340
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Pleural effusion, a condition characterized by excess fluid in the pleural cavity, poses significant morbidity and potential mortality in children. This study, conducted by Dr. Sudhir Mehta, aims to explore the clinical profile, microbiological profile, and treatment outcomes of pediatric patients diagnosed with pleural effusion. Over a one-year period, 30 children aged between 6 months and 12 years were admitted to the Sri Aurobindo Medical College, and their cases were analyzed in terms of symptoms, laboratory findings, treatment approaches, and complications.
Clinical Profile and Symptoms: An Overview
The study identified several key presenting symptoms of pleural effusion. Fever was the most common symptom, affecting 95% of patients, followed closely by cough (92%) and breathlessness (83%). The average duration of symptoms before admission was approximately 10 days. In examining the demographic factors, the majority of patients were from the lower socioeconomic group, highlighting the potential influence of socio-economic status on health outcomes. The results reinforced the critical role of early diagnosis and treatment to mitigate severe respiratory complications.
Microbiological Findings and Treatment
Microbiological analyses revealed that Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogen identified in pleural effusion cases, present in 40% of positive culture results. The study highlighted a concerning trend where pleural fluid and blood cultures were only positive in 20% of the patients, emphasizing the necessity for simultaneous blood culture sensitivity tests. Initial treatment primarily consisted of intravenous Amoxiclav, used in 70.5% of cases, while alternative antibiotics were administered based on culture sensitivity. Notably, 25% of patients required extended antibiotic therapy lasting over three weeks.
Complications and Use of Interventional Procedures
Complications were prevalent among pediatric patients, with cases of collapse, broncho-pleural fistula, pericardial effusion, and empyema necessitans documented. Notably, intercostal drainage (ICD) was performed for patients with empyema thoracis, and 80% of the patients responded positively within 14 days. Nonetheless, surgical interventions such as thoracoscopic decortication were necessary for a small subset of complications. The findings indicate a need for vigilant monitoring and readiness to escalate treatment in cases of poor progression.
Conclusion
The study underscores the importance of regular surveillance of the microbiological agents causing pleural effusion and adaptation of antibiotic treatment protocols based on culture reports. The overall positive clinical outcomes and survival rates suggest that timely medical intervention and appropriate antibiotic therapy can significantly improve the prognosis for children with pleural effusion. Further research is warranted to enhance understanding of the evolving microbiological landscape and optimize treatment strategies for this vulnerable population.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the objective of the study on pleural effusion in children?
The study aims to evaluate the etiology, clinical profile, and outcomes of children with pleural effusion, addressing the changing microbiological profile of organisms causing the condition.
What were the most common symptoms presented by the patients?
Fever (95%) was the most prevalent symptom, followed by cough (92%) and breathlessness (83%). These symptoms highlight the acute nature of pleural effusion in the studied pediatric population.
Which microorganisms were found to be most common in pleural effusion?
The study identified Staphylococcus aureus as the most common organism isolated from pleural fluid cultures, demonstrating a significant presence among the pediatric patients evaluated.
What antibiotic treatment was most frequently used for pleural effusion patients?
Intravenous Amoxiclav was the most commonly used antibiotic at presentation, prescribed to 67.5% of the patients to treat their condition effectively based on clinical guidelines.
What surgical interventions were required for the patients, if any?
Two patients required surgical intervention in the form of decortication surgery due to complications or failure to respond to initial treatment, emphasizing the need for comprehensive management.
What was the overall outcome for the patients with pleural effusion?
The study concluded that all patients survived, indicating effective management with antibiotics and procedures like intercostal drainage, supporting the typically favorable prognosis for pediatric pleural effusion cases.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Clinical profile and outcome of children with pleural effusion.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
An antibiotic is a type of medicine used to treat bacterial infections by killing or inhibiting the growth of bacteria. In the context of the study, antibiotics are crucial for managing pleural effusion in children, as understanding their effectiveness and resistance patterns is vital for optimizing treatment protocols in clinical settings.
2) Study (Studying):
Studying pertains to the active investigation of a particular subject or group. In the context of this paper, studying pleural effusion in children uncovers important epidemiological data, clinical outcomes, and therapeutic needs, ultimately aiming to enhance treatment protocols and patient care in pediatric populations.
3) Aureus:
Staphylococcus aureus is a type of bacteria commonly associated with infections, including pleural effusion. Its identification as a frequent pathogen in the study highlights the need for effective antibiotic treatment and the importance of monitoring its sensitivity patterns to inform clinical practices for better patient outcomes.
4) Fever:
Fever is a common symptom of infections, indicating an immune response in the body. In the study, it was reported as the most prevalent symptom among children with pleural effusion, emphasizing its role as a crucial clinical sign in diagnosing and managing infectious diseases.
5) Table:
A table presents data systematically, allowing for easier analysis and comparison. In the context of the paper, tables summarize key findings related to patient demographics, symptoms, and complications, providing a clear visual representation of the study’s results for better understanding and interpretation.
6) Blood:
Blood tests are essential diagnostic tools to identify infections and assess the overall health of patients. In this study, blood cultures and hematological parameters are significant for determining the presence of infection, establishing treatment protocols, and monitoring the response to therapy in children with pleural effusion.
7) Male:
Gender plays a role in the epidemiology of diseases. The study found a higher prevalence of pleural effusion in males, suggesting possible gender-related factors in susceptibility or response to infections. Understanding this can guide clinicians in anticipating and managing conditions in pediatric populations.
8) India:
India is the geographical context of the study, which reflects the local epidemiology and healthcare challenges. The relevance of this location is paramount to understanding the specific microbial pathogens, treatment responses, and health policies that may affect children suffering from pleural effusion in this region.
9) Sri Aurobindo:
Sri Aurobindo Medical College and PG Institute is the institution where the study was conducted. Its significance lies in providing a detailed clinical setting for the research, ensuring that findings are rooted in the realities of local healthcare practices and patient demographics.
10) Madhya:
Madhya Pradesh is a state in India where the research took place. The socio-economic conditions and healthcare infrastructure of this region are relevant to the study's findings, influencing the prevalence of diseases like pleural effusion and the resources available for diagnosis and treatment.
11) Indore:
Indore is a city in Madhya Pradesh and the location of the study's institution. This urban setting impacts the study's outcomes, offering insights into pediatric health issues specific to urban environments, resource availability, and healthcare practices in managing respiratory infections in children.
12) Pain:
Pain is a significant symptom that can indicate various underlying health issues, including infections and inflammation. In the context of this study, chest pain ranked as one of the symptoms in children with pleural effusion, guiding diagnostic and treatment approaches in clinical settings.
13) Drug:
A drug is a substance used to diagnose, cure, or prevent disease. In this study, drugs, particularly antibiotics, are fundamental to the treatment of pleural effusion, highlighting the necessity of understanding drug effectiveness, adverse effects, and resistance patterns for optimal patient care.
14) Malnutrition:
Malnutrition reflects a state of inadequate nutrition that can lead to compromised immune function and increased susceptibility to infections. This concept is relevant in the study as it identifies malnutrition as a potential contributing factor to the incidence and severity of pleural effusion in children.
15) Discussion:
Discussion is a critical section of the research where findings are interpreted in the context of existing literature. This section analyzes the implications of the study results, explores their relevance to clinical practices, and suggests future research directions, contributing to knowledge advancement in pediatric healthcare.
16) Developing:
Developing refers to nations or regions with less advanced economic and healthcare systems. Understanding the healthcare challenges in developing areas like Indore, India, is relevant for this study, as it highlights the pressing need for efficient strategies to address pediatric illnesses such as pleural effusion.
17) Disease:
A disease represents a pathological condition characterized by a specific set of signs and symptoms. In this study, the disease of focus is pleural effusion, which poses risks to pediatric health. Understanding its causes, complications, and treatment is crucial for improving clinical outcomes.
18) Nature:
Nature refers to the essential qualities or characteristics of something. In the study, understanding the nature of pleural effusion, including its etiology and clinical presentation, is vital for clinicians to devise appropriate diagnostic measures and treatment plans tailored to individual patient needs.
19) Reason:
Reasoning plays a significant role in making clinical decisions. In the study, analyzing the reasons behind pleural effusion's etiology, treatment responses, and complications helps formulate evidence-based practices, allowing healthcare professionals to address the unique challenges of pediatric infections effectively.
20) Straw:
Straw-colored fluid is a specific characteristic observed in pleural effusion. Its presence can provide important diagnostic clues about the nature and underlying causes of the effusion. In the study, documenting such findings aids clinicians in making informed decisions regarding treatment options and management approaches.
21) Sign:
A sign is an observable indication of a condition. In the context of pleural effusion, clinical signs such as fever, breathlessness, and cough are critical for diagnosis. Recognizing these signs aids healthcare professionals in identifying the condition early, leading to timely interventions.
22) Line:
Line refers to a guideline or pathway for action. In the medical context of the study, establishing a line of management for pleural effusion is crucial. It encompasses diagnostic procedures, treatment regimens, and follow-up care, shaping the approach clinicians take to manage affected pediatric patients.
23) Life:
Life represents the condition of living organisms. In pediatric medicine, preserving and improving the quality of life for children with conditions like pleural effusion is the ultimate goal. Addressing their health issues effectively can lead to better long-term outcomes and overall well-being.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Clinical profile and outcome of children with pleural effusion.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Surgical intervention, Treatment modalities, Exclusion criteria, Treatment Protocol, Pediatric age group, Staphylococcus aureus, Chest X-ray, Clinical profile, USG (Ultrasound), Clinical outcome, Immunocompromised patient, Antibiotic sensitivity pattern, Blood culture, Majority of patients, Pleural Effusion, IV antibiotic, Bilateral involvement, Most common, Chest tube drainage, Intercostal drainage, Socio-demographic characteristic.