An overview of a honeyed unani blood purifier

sharbat unnab

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: An overview of a honeyed unani blood purifier
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Subtitle: sharbat unnab

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Author:

Mohd Talib, Mohd Aslam, Aftab Ahmad, Mohd Asif, Wajeehul Qamar and Shahid Chaudhary


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World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: An overview of a honeyed unani blood purifier

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20177-8860

Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Sharbat is a significant form of herbal medicine in the Unani system, characterized as a sugar-based liquid dosage. This preparation involves creating a decoction from various plant, animal, or mineral components, or extracting juice from fruits, which is then combined with sugar and boiled to the desired consistency. Sharbat serves as a palatable delivery method for patients hesitant to consume raw herbs, while also providing preservation benefits, preventing spoilage. Among the various types of sharbat, Sharbat Unnab is particularly noted for its healing properties in blood purification and treating various ailments including respiratory issues and skin diseases.

The Nature and Preparation of Sharbat

Sharbat is an Arabic term for a sweet drink that can be prepared from fruits, flowers, and herbs. It has its roots in traditional practices where the sweet aqueous liquid is made by dissolving sugar or honey in water, either mixed with fruit juices or herbal infusions. The preparation of sharbat follows meticulous methods, which vary according to the ingredients used; for example, juicy fruits are boiled with sugar to a specific consistency, while dried fruits undergo soaking and boiling processes. Overall, the method ensures that the medicinal properties of the ingredients are effectively preserved in a form that is enjoyable to consume.

Sharbat Unnab as a Blood Purifier

Sharbat Unnab is a notable formulation in Unani medicine, primarily recognized for its blood-purifying properties. It is composed of Unnab (Ziziphus jujuba) and sugar. The preparation involves boiling the fruit in water and subsequently integrating it with sugar to form a thick syrup. This sharbat is used for various conditions such as skin diseases, cough, and respiratory ailments. Unnab is praised for its multiple medicinal benefits, including its roles as a blood refrigerant, expectorant, and its ability to purify blood, making it an essential remedy in the Unani therapeutic regimen.

Medicinal Actions and Therapeutic Uses

The medicinal properties of Unnab and its formulation as Sharbat Unnab expand into a diverse range of therapeutic uses. It has been traditionally employed to treat conditions like urticaria, smallpox, and measles, as well as respiratory issues such as cough and pneumonia. The body of literature surrounding Unnab emphasizes its roles in cooling the body’s excess heat (Hiddat-e-khoon) and supporting various bodily functions, demonstrating its significance in Unani practices. Pharmacological studies indicate promising antioxidant and anticancer properties, although further scientific validation of Sharbat Unnab is necessary to substantiate these claims.

Conclusion

In summary, Sharbat represents a vital aspect of the Unani medicinal system, particularly through its popular formulation, Sharbat Unnab. This age-old concoction not only serves as a sweet-tasting therapeutic liquid but also carries historical significance in treating various ailments. Despite the historical use and anecdotal evidence of its medicinal benefits, modern scientific research into Sharbat Unnab remains limited. Therefore, it is crucial to explore its pharmacological properties in depth to validate its traditional claims and ensure that the potential health benefits can be accessible to a broader audience.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is Sharbat and its significance in Unani medicine?

Sharbat is a sugar-based oral liquid dosage form in Unani medicine, made from plant, animal, or mineral ingredients. It helps preserve medicinal properties and enhances palatability, making it easier for patients to consume.

What are the uses of Sharbat Unnab in medicinal practices?

Sharbat Unnab is a well-known blood purifier used for treating skin diseases like urticaria, smallpox, and various respiratory issues such as cough and pneumonia in Unani medicine.

What are the main ingredients used in Sharbat Unnab?

The main ingredients of Sharbat Unnab include 500 g of Unnab (Ziziphus jujuba) and 1500 g of sugar, which are boiled and filtered to prepare the formulation.

How is Sharbat Unnab prepared according to traditional methods?

To prepare Sharbat Unnab, Unnab is crushed, soaked in water overnight, boiled until reduced, and then mixed with sugar to achieve the desired consistency before cooling and bottling.

What medicinal benefits are associated with the Unnab fruit?

Unnab fruit is known for its blood-purifying, expectorant, and analgesic properties. It also helps alleviate issues like dry cough, skin eruptions, and chest pain in various conditions.

What pharmacological activities have been studied in Unnab?

Studies on Unnab have shown antioxidant and anticancerous activities, but there is a need for further research on its pharmacological effects, particularly in relation to Sharbat Unnab.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “An overview of a honeyed unani blood purifier”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Drug:
In the Unani system, drugs are essential constituents derived from herbal, mineral, or animal sources, used for their therapeutic effects in various formulations. The mention of single and compound drugs highlights their historical significance and efficacy in treating multisystem disorders, emphasizing the traditional knowledge surrounding their applications in health.

2) Sugar:
Sugar is crucial in the preparation of Sharbat, acting as a preservative and enhancing palatability. It serves as a base (Qiwam) when combined with herbs, preventing fermentation and improving taste. The dosage form capitalizes on sugar's properties to create medicinal syrups that are more acceptable to patients reluctant to take raw herbs.

3) Water:
Water is a fundamental solvent in preparing Unani formulations. It is used to extract beneficial properties from plant materials, aiding in the creation of decoctions and infusions. The quality, temperature, and management of water during preparation significantly influence the effectiveness and consistency of the final medicinal product.

4) Blood:
The Unani concept of blood encompasses both physical and metaphorical implications in terms of health. Sharbat-Unnab is recognized for its musaffi-e-khoon (blood purifying) properties, suggesting its role in cleansing and detoxifying the blood, thus addressing various health conditions that involve impurities or excess heat in the blood.

5) Disease:
Disease in the context of Unani medicine is often viewed as a disturbance in the equilibrium of bodily humors. Sharbat-Unnab is commonly used to treat various ailments, signifying the holistic approach of Unani practitioners in addressing skin conditions, respiratory issues, and other disorders through balanced formulations.

6) Activity:
Activity refers to the pharmacological effects and biochemical actions of medicinal substances. In studying Sharbat-Unnab, understanding its activity leads to insights into its ability to affect bodily functions, showing promise in antioxidant and anticancer roles. This highlights the need for scientific exploration to substantiate traditional claims.

7) Fire:
Fire represents the method of cooking or boiling ingredients during Sharbat preparation. The application of heat is crucial for achieving proper consistency (tar) in the base (Qiwam) required for effective herbal extraction. Controlled heating ensures the safety, efficacy, and longevity of the final medicinal product.

8) Medicine:
Medicine is the broader field encompassing various practices for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. Sharbat represents a specific category within traditional medicine, integrating natural substances into formulations that reflect ancient wisdom and practices aimed at enhancing health and wellness through alternative means.

9) Honey:
Honey serves as a natural sweetener and preservative in Unani formulations. Its incorporation in Sharbat prepares enhances flavor and provides additional therapeutic properties, owing to its own medicinal benefits like antimicrobial activity. Honey’s role emphasizes the synergy between natural ingredients to promote patient adherence and treatment efficacy.

10) India:
India is the cultural and geographical context of Unani medicine, where traditional practices have been preserved and evolved. The rich diversity of flora and fauna contributes to the formulation of various Unani remedies like Sharbat, showcasing the importance of local resources and traditional knowledge in health care systems.

11) Tola:
Tola is a traditional unit of weight measurement in the Indian subcontinent, commonly used in herbal medicine, including Unani formulations. This measurement standard helps practitioners precisely dispense herbs and ingredients, ensuring consistency and reliability in preparing Sharbat and other medicinal products.

12) Mineral:
Mineral sources play a role in Unani medicine, contributing valuable compounds for therapeutic formulations. While the primary focus is often on herbal ingredients, the inclusion of minerals in some preparations underscores the comprehensive nature of Unani practices, which utilize a diverse array of natural substances for health benefits.

13) Animal:
Animal products might be included in Unani formulations alongside plant materials. The reliance on both plant and animal origins reflects a holistic understanding of medicine where diverse sources are utilized to create effective compounds, allowing practitioners to tailor treatments based on individual health needs.

14) Lemon:
Lemon, with its citric acid content, is often involved in the preparation of Qiwam as an acidifying agent. It serves both as a flavoring agent and preservative, enhancing the therapeutic properties of the herbal formulations by improving taste while stabilizing the active constituents of the medicines.

15) Pain:
Pain is a critical symptom that Unani medicine aims to alleviate through various treatment modalities. Sharbat-Unnab is recognized for its analgesic properties, addressing discomfort related to skin disorders, respiratory diseases, and other conditions affecting the body's overall wellbeing, emphasizing the holistic approach to healing.

16) New Delhi:
New Delhi, as a prominent urban center in India, serves as a significant hub for the practice and study of Unani medicine. The presence of institutions dedicated to traditional medicine in this city highlights the ongoing recognition and integration of these practices into modern health care frameworks.

17) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological studies relate to the understanding of how natural products interact with biological systems. Investigating the pharmacological effects of Sharbat-Unnab will provide insights into its healing potential, reinforcing traditional uses with scientifically validated mechanisms and encouraging further research in complementary and alternative medicine.

18) Science (Scientific):
Scientific inquiry into traditional practices like those of Unani medicine helps establish credibility through evidence-based research. Understanding Sharbat-Unnab scientifically could reveal its active properties and therapeutic potential, bridging the gap between ancient wisdom and modern medical practice through validating traditional claims.

19) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a group of phytonutrients with various health benefits, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Their presence in Unnab emphasizes the potential health-enhancing compounds within traditional medicine. Studying these constituents can elucidate their role in the pharmacological efficacy of Sharbat formulations.

20) Jaggery:
Jaggery, similar to sugar, is used in sweetening medicinal preparations. It provides additional minerals and beneficial nutrients compared to refined sugar. Incorporating jaggery in Sharbat adds nutritional value and varies the flavor profile, promoting traditional ways of preparing palatable herbal remedies for better patient adherence.

21) Reason:
Reason underpins the rationale for using specific preparations in Unani medicine. Sharbat's formulation, particularly with ingredients like Unnab, is based on historical knowledge of health benefits, showing a coherent approach to therapeutic practices developed through centuries of experiential learning and systematic observation.

22) Hikka:
Hikka (pruritus) is a common ailment treated within Unani medicine. The inclusion of Sharbat-Unnab in treating hikka illustrates the system's holistic approach, aiming to alleviate symptoms of irritations such as skin itchiness, showcasing the interconnectedness of various body functions in maintaining health.

23) Delhi:
Delhi, the capital region of India, serves as a critical location for the promotion and practice of Unani medicine. The integration of both traditional and modern health systems in this metropolitan area promotes broader awareness and accessibility of Unani remedies such as Sharbat-Unnab.

24) Study (Studying):
Study refers to the systematic research conducted to explore the efficacy and properties of Unani preparations. Investigating Sharbat-Unnab scientifically will help validate its traditional uses, enhance understanding of its benefits, and potentially encourage its integration into conventional health care practices.

25) Medas (Meda, Medash):
Meda refers to the stomach in Unani medicine. The connection between formulations like Sharbat-Unnab and digestive health showcases the traditional emphasis on maintaining bodily harmony and the role of various herbal preparations in ensuring digestive well-being and in alleviating related discomforts.

26) Alam (Alaṁ):
Alam relates to the state of being in terms of health. Understanding the concept of Alam in Unani medicine is crucial, as it encapsulates various aspects of wellness, including the interplay of different bodily functions that Sharbat seeks to restore through balancing the body's humors.

27) Mani:
Mani denotes semen in Unani terminology. Formulations such as Sharbat-Unnab that regulate bodily functions may hold implications for reproductive health and vitality. Understanding how herbal preparations affect semen quality reflects the broader interests of Unani medicine in holistic health criteria.

28) Hand:
Hand signifies the physical interaction of practitioners with herbs and preparations. The process of creating remedies like Sharbat involves meticulous handwork. This tactile aspect emphasizes the traditional artisan nature of Unani medicine, valuing both skill and ancestral knowledge in preparing effective treatments.

29) Sour:
Sour ingredients, like certain dried fruits, are utilized for their specific therapeutic effects in Unani formulations. The manipulation of taste, including sourness, illustrates the understanding of flavor profiles and their roles in enhancing medicine through taste, as well as their bioactive contributions to health benefits.

30) Western India:
Western India represents a geographic region rich in biodiversity, contributing to the sourcing of various medicinal plants utilized in Unani medicine. Its climatic conditions are conducive for cultivating herbs like Unnab, reinforcing the regional significance in the preparation of traditional herbal remedies.

31) Goat milk:
Goat milk is sometimes recommended as a complementary substance in Unani recipes. Its nutritional profile and digestibility make it a suitable addition, enhancing the palatability of medicinal preparations like Sharbat while also providing nourishing properties conducive to overall health.

32) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibacterial properties of certain herbal ingredients within Sharbat formulations are critical in their therapeutic applications. Understanding how these natural components combat pathogens supports the rationale for using such traditional medications to treat infections and emphasizes the value of natural remedies in health care.

33) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals encompass the bioactive compounds found in plants that confer health benefits. Studying the phytochemical constituents of ingredients like Unnab informs their medicinal efficacy and supports the rationale for traditional preparation methods in forms like Sharbat, thus promoting natural health solutions.

34) Afghanistan:
Afghanistan is part of the geographical distribution of plants like Unnab, showcasing the traditional knowledge shared across cultures regarding herbal medicine. Recognizing the cross-cultural applications emphasizes the significance of regional practices and the shared heritage of utilizing plant resources for health.

35) Pomegranate:
Pomegranate, a revered fruit in traditional medicine, is often noted for its rich antioxidant properties. Its potential similarity with Unnab in therapeutic applications signifies the significance of such fruits in dietary practices and health, emphasizing the relevance of natural ingredients in holistic health solutions.

36) Accumulation (Accumulating, Accumulate):
Accumulated refers to the build-up of impurities or toxins in the body that Unani medicine aims to address through formulations like Sharbat. Understanding the concept of accumulation underscores the preventative and restorative roles traditional remedies play in maintaining health and preventing disease onset.

37) Irritation:
Irritation describes discomfort commonly experienced in skin and respiratory conditions. The use of Sharbat-Unnab in treating irritation signifies the focus on holistic relief within Unani medicine, targeting symptoms while addressing underlying imbalances in bodily humors for improved health outcomes.

38) Rajasthan:
Rajasthan, known for its arid climate, is significant for the cultivation of medicinal plants, including Unnab. This regional aspect highlights traditional medicine's reliance on local flora, portraying the essential connection between geographic diversity and the efficacy of herbal formulations.

39) Substance:
Substance refers to both the raw materials and formulations in Unani medicine. The exploration of various substances in Sharbat highlights the diversity of components that create effective remedies, encapsulating the essence of traditional practices in utilizing nature's bounty for health benefits.

40) Container:
Container denotes the importance of proper storage of herbal preparations like Sharbat. Using air-tight and sterilized containers ensures purity and prolongs the shelf life of medications, showcasing attention to detail in the preparation and preservation aspects of Unani treatments.

41) Gaozaban:
Gaozaban is often included in Unani formulations as a therapeutic agent. Its incorporation illustrates the blending of multiple herbal properties into preparations like Sharbat-Unnab, allowing for a broader spectrum of benefits while addressing specific health concerns in a comprehensive manner.

42) Himalaya (Hima-alaya):
The Himalayan region is known for its biodiversity and the presence of numerous medicinal plants. This geographical context underlines the source of herbs used in Sharbat and other Unani formulations, reinforcing the importance of regional flora in traditional medicine.

43) Crushing:
Crushing is a preparatory method to enhance the extraction of active compounds from herbal ingredients. In making Sharbat, crushing Unnab’s fruits increases surface area for optimal infusion or decoction, illustrating the importance of physical processes in traditional medicine preparations.

44) Hysteria:
Hysteria represents a historical understanding of psychological conditions addressed within Unani medicine. Addressing such ailments through formulations like Sharbat indicates a comprehensive approach that acknowledges both physical and mental health, reflecting the interconnectedness of bodily functions.

45) Habitat:
Habitat refers to the natural environment where herbs like Unnab grow. Understanding the habitat of these plants is essential for sustainable harvesting and ensuring the availability of crucial medicinal components for traditional formulations like Sharbat.

46) Burning (Burn, Burned, Burnt):
Burning refers to sensations like burning micturition that may require alleviation through herbal remedies like Sharbat-Unnab. Addressing such symptoms emphasizes traditional medicine's focus on symptom relief while restoring balance within the body’s humoral system.

47) Kashmir:
Kashmir's region is renowned for its rich biodiversity and traditional knowledge in herbal medicine. Its geographic significance enhances the sourcing of various medicinal plants, contributing to the broader understanding and application of preparations like Sharbat in regional health practices.

48) Bengal (Bemgal):
Bengal signifies an area with a rich tradition of utilizing herbal remedies within herbal medicine. The cultivation and application of plants in preparations like Sharbat show the significance of geographical diversity in contributing to healthcare practices in regions with different climatic and cultural backgrounds.

49) Punjab:
Punjab, characterized by fertile land, plays a vital role in cultivating various medicinal herbs, including Unnab, for use in Unani medicine. The region’s agricultural practices highlight the connection between environmental factors and the efficacy of traditional herbal preparations.

50) Nature:
Nature encompasses the biological diversity that provides the foundation for herbal medicine. Respect and understanding of natural substances in formulating remedies like Sharbat emphasize Unani medicine's reliance on the healing properties of plants, animal products, and minerals in promoting health.

51) Powder:
Powder, often derived from herbs, is a common form utilized in Unani medicine. Using powdered ingredients for Sharbat facilitates easier mixing and infusion into liquids, showcasing how variations in form can impact the preparation and efficacy of traditional medicinal concoctions.

52) Cotton:
Cotton is utilized in traditional medicine for filtration processes during the preparation of remedies like Sharbat. Its role in ensuring the purity and clarity of herbal products signifies the importance of maintaining quality through proper handling techniques in Unani practices.

53) Desire:
Desire relates to the concept of libido or sexual appetite in Unani medicine, where herbal preparations like Sharbat might be involved in modulating effects on sexual health. This illustrates the holistic approach to addressing various facets of health and wellbeing.

54) Filling (Filled):
Filled pertains to the process of storing the prepared Sharbat into containers post-production. This step ensures that the medicinal properties of the formulation are preserved and protected from contamination, emphasizing the meticulous approach in traditional medicine to safeguard efficacies.

55) Khata (Kha-ata):
Khata represents a geographic region known for its cultivation of medicinal plants, including those used in Unani formulations. Understanding local agricultural practices illustrates the connection between landscape and the availability of key ingredients for creating effective herbal remedies.

56) Candy:
Candy, akin to sugar, is sometimes used in medicinal formulations, modifying sweetness and enhancing flavor. Inclusion of candy in traditional remedies like Sharbat signifies the necessity of making herbal medicines palatable, ensuring patient cooperation in treatment regimens.

57) Glass:
Glass is the preferred material for storing and handling medicinal preparations within the Unani system. Its inability to react with chemical constituents ensures that formulations like Sharbat maintain stability and integrity, underscoring the importance of selecting appropriate materials for medicinal containers.

58) Damma:
Damma refers to respiratory distress in Unani medicine. Offering formulations like Sharbat-Unnab provides a remedy for conditions related to chest congestion or asthma, highlighting how traditional systems address symptoms within a holistic framework of care and treatment.

59) Table:
Table refers to the systematic organization of information, such as dosage forms and their preparation methods in Unani literature. Tables provide practitioners with reference data, promoting consistency and accuracy in medicinal formulations to optimize therapeutic outcomes.

60) Mango:
Mango, often celebrated for its taste and health benefits, may be referenced in discussions about herbal preparations. Incorporating fruits like mango reflects the broader strategy of utilizing diverse plant material in traditional medicine for enriching the flavor and nutritional profile of formulations.

61) Acrid:
Acrid describes the sharp or pungent taste of certain herbal materials, which can influence their therapeutic roles and patient acceptance. Recognizing the impact of taste profiles in formulations like Sharbat is crucial for ensuring comfort and compliance in traditional medicine.

62) Sweating (Sweat):
Sweat pertains to the body's natural response to heat, often linked with various conditions treatable by Unani medicine. The connection between temperature regulation and body humors stresses the importance of maintaining balance, showcasing how herbal remedies like Sharbat contribute to overall wellness.

63) Mundi (Mundin, Mumdi):
Mundi, often used to refer to herbal ingredients in formulations, emphasizes the diversity and complexity in traditional Unani medicine. Recognizing and integrating various plant components enhances the effectiveness of remedies like Sharbat by combining multiple active components for therapeutic effects.

64) Cina:
China's connection to traditional herbal practices intersects with those of Unani medicine regarding plant uses and treatments. Recognizing the overlaps in cultural understandings of herbal remedies accentuates the global significance of phytotherapy and encourages a broader appreciation for alternative medicine.

65) Bile:
Bile’s role in digestion connects to the Unani understanding of body humors. Herbal remedies addressing imbalances in bile contribute to overall digestive health while acting to soothe related symptoms, thereby demonstrating the intricate links between bodily functions in traditional healing practices.

66) Neem:
Neem is often heralded within herbal medicine for its numerous health benefits. Its utilization in Unani formulations as a medicinal substance reflects the comprehensive approach to sourcing effective natural resources, signifying its role in promoting health and wellness within the context of traditional practices.

67) Tree:
Tree signifies the source of many medicinal plants used in Unani formulations. Recognizing the significance of trees in providing raw materials speaks to the sustainability and environmental awareness in herbal practices, emphasizing the importance of preserving plant biodiversity for future health solutions.

68) Sign:
Sign refers to indicators that suggest the readiness of herbal preparations like Sharbat. Recognizing these signs, such as the tar consistency or other visual cues, is vital for practitioners in ensuring effective preparation and quality control of traditional medicinal products.

69) Ripe:
Ripe indicates the optimal stage for harvesting fruits used in herbal preparations, as maturity often correlates with enhanced flavor and medicinal properties. Understanding the ripeness of ingredients underscores the emphasis on quality and effectiveness in traditional remedy preparations like Sharbat.

70) Line:
Line may refer to the visual representation of methodical preparation processes within traditional remedies. Establishing clear lines in the preparation steps of Sharbat ensures practitioners follow prescribed methods, enhancing both accuracy and consistency in creating effective herbal formulations.

71) Milk:
Milk, particularly from goats or cows, is sometimes used in conjunction with herbal remedies to improve taste or nutritional content. Its role highlights the practice of combining different natural products in Unani medicine to enhance the palatability and effectiveness of traditional formulations.

72) Pur:
Poor signifies the adverse health conditions that herbal preparations like Sharbat aim to alleviate. Understanding how traditional solutions target symptoms related to poor health emphasizes the restorative nature of practices within the Unani system, contributing to overall wellness and quality of life.

73) Life:
Life symbolizes the overall vitality and health potential addressed in Unani medicine. Herbal formulations like Sharbat are regarded as essential to enhancing life quality by preventing or treating ailments, reflecting a foundational perspective that prioritizes health and holistic well-being.

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