"Anti-asthmatic study of Biophytum sensitivum leaf extract in guinea pigs"
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: “anti-asthmatic study of ethanolic leaves extract of biophytum sensitivum l. in asthma induced guinea pigs”
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
This page presents a generated summary with additional references; See source (below) for actual content.
Original source:
This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.
Prof. Dr. Mathew George, Prof. Dr. Lincy Joseph and Umesh Kumar
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: “anti-asthmatic study of ethanolic leaves extract of biophytum sensitivum l. in asthma induced guinea pigs”
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20167-6686
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Asthma is a prevalent chronic lung disease characterized by airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, leading to episodes of wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. It is a growing global health concern, affecting approximately 300 million people worldwide, with a significant rise in prevalence noted, especially in industrialized nations. Traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda and Unani have long utilized various herbal remedies for managing asthma symptoms. Among these, the plant Biophytum sensitivum L. has been noted for its therapeutic potential, prompting an investigation into its antiasthmatic properties.
Antiasthmatic Activity of Biophytum sensitivum
The study focused on evaluating the antiasthmatic activity of the ethanolic extract of Biophytum sensitivum leaves in guinea pigs subjected to asthma induced by histamine. Different doses of the extract (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) were administered, yielding positive results in terms of antiasthmatic effects. The preliminary phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of vital compounds such as steroids, flavonoids, and cardiac glycosides, which may contribute to the medicinal properties of the plant. Compared against the standard drug Chlorpheniramine maleate, both doses of the extract demonstrated significant efficacy in prolonging the preconvulsion time caused by histamine.
Effects on Bronchoconstriction
The study further examined the impact of Biophytum sensitivum on histamine-induced bronchoconstriction. The findings revealed that the ethanolic extract significantly extended the latent period before convulsions occurred in guinea pigs. The results indicated a dose-dependent effect, where the higher dose (200 mg/kg) offered greater protection, achieving up to 67.53% efficacy compared to the control group. This suggests that the extract plays a role in inhibiting bronchoconstriction, likely through its action on H1 receptors, similar to the standard antihistamine being tested.
Phytochemical Screening and Toxicity Assessment
Comprehensive phytochemical screening of the ethanolic extract confirmed the presence of several bioactive compounds, including flavonoids and saponins, typically associated with anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, toxicity studies conducted using higher doses indicated that the extract is non-toxic at doses up to 2000 mg/kg, which is crucial for further therapeutic applications. The lack of lethality even at high doses implies the safety profile of Biophytum sensitivum, reinforcing its potential as a natural remedy for asthma.
Conclusion
The study highlights the promising antiasthmatic activity of the ethanolic extract of Biophytum sensitivum leaves in guinea pigs, demonstrating its ability to mitigate bronchoconstriction induced by histamine. The results underscore the therapeutic potential of this medicinal plant and lay the foundation for further research into its active components and mechanisms of action. The findings advocate for the use of Biophytum sensitivum as a viable alternative in asthma management, aligning with traditional practices in herbal medicine.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What was the main objective of the study?
The main objective was to investigate the antiasthmatic activity of the ethanolic extract of leaves of Biophytum sensitivum in guinea pigs.
What kind of extract was used in the research?
The study utilized an ethanolic extract of Biophytum sensitivum leaves, tested at doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight.
What were the major findings of the toxicity study?
The toxicity study showed that an oral dose of 2000 mg/kg of the extract was non-toxic to guinea pigs, establishing the LD50 value at this dosage.
What induced bronchoconstriction in the guinea pigs?
Bronchoconstriction was induced by exposing guinea pigs to a histamine aerosol solution (0.2% w/v) to simulate asthma conditions.
How did the extract perform against histamine-induced effects?
The ethanolic extract exhibited significant dose-dependent antiasthmatic activity, delaying convulsion time in guinea pigs compared to the standard drug chlorpheniramine maleate.
What were the key phytochemicals found in the extract?
Preliminary studies showed the presence of steroids, phenolic compounds, cardiac glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, and tannins in the ethanolic extract of Biophytum sensitivum.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “"Anti-asthmatic study of Biophytum sensitivum leaf extract in guinea pigs"”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Animal:
The term 'animal' refers to the guinea pigs used in the study to investigate the anti-asthmatic effects of Biophytum sensitivum. These animals are central to pharmacological research, providing a model for understanding the efficacy and safety of herbal extracts in conditions mimicking human diseases, such as asthma.
2) Study (Studying):
The 'study' highlights a scientific investigation focusing on the anti-asthmatic activity of Biophytum sensitivum in guinea pigs. It emphasizes the importance of clinical research in validating traditional medicine claims, contributing to the understanding of natural remedies and their potential use in modern pharmacotherapy for respiratory diseases.
3) Drug:
The term 'drug' refers to both the standard medicine, Chlorpheniramine maleate, used as a comparison in the study, and the ethanolic extract of Biophytum sensitivum being tested. This dual reference underscores the exploration of herbal alternatives in treating asthma, which is crucial for developing effective therapies with fewer side effects.
4) India:
India is the geographic context for this study, where Biophytum sensitivum is commonly found. The country's rich biodiversity contributes significantly to traditional medicine practices, such as Ayurveda, making it essential to explore indigenous plants for their therapeutic properties, especially in the treatment of chronic diseases like asthma.
5) Activity:
The term 'activity' relates to the biological effects produced by the ethanolic extract of Biophytum sensitivum, specifically its anti-asthmatic properties. Evaluating such activities reveals the potential of plant-based compounds for therapeutic use, contributing to the broader field of pharmacology and natural product research in medicine.
6) Kerala:
Kerala, located in southern India, is notable for its traditional medicine systems and diverse flora. The study's setting in Kerala highlights the region's commitment to exploring and validating native plants for health benefits, reinforcing its significance in the context of Ayurveda and modern medicinal research.
7) Phytochemical:
Phytochemical refers to the chemical compounds found in plants, particularly those examined in the study's extracts. Identifying phytochemicals like flavonoids, steroids, and glycosides aids in understanding the mechanisms behind the therapeutic actions of Biophytum sensitivum, thereby supporting its traditional uses in medicine.
8) Pushpagiri (Pushpa-giri, Puspagiri):
Pushpagiri refers to Pushpagiri College of Pharmacy, the institution where the study took place. The college's emphasis on pharmacological education and research fosters a deeper understanding of natural medicines, enhancing knowledge around the efficacy of local flora like Biophytum sensitivum in treating various health conditions.
9) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a category of phytochemicals identified in Biophytum sensitivum, known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Their presence in the plant suggests potential health benefits, including the mitigation of symptoms associated with asthma, thereby supporting the need for studies that explore plant-based therapies.
10) Disease:
The term 'disease' in the study primarily refers to asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by difficulty in breathing. Understanding the disease's pathology and exploring natural treatments underscores the relationship between ethnomedicine and contemporary medical practices in addressing common health issues.
11) Water:
Water is mentioned in the context of preparing histamine solutions for inducing bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs. It serves as a solvent, highlighting the importance of water in experimental protocols, as it facilitates the creation of effective treatments and ensures the proper administration of test substances.
12) Pharmacology:
Pharmacology, the study of drug action, is central to the research conducted at Pushpagiri College of Pharmacy. This discipline examines the effects of herbal extracts like Biophytum sensitivum on biological systems, aiming to validate traditional uses while advancing scientific understanding of therapeutic options for asthma.
13) Toxicity:
Toxicity refers to the safety assessment of Biophytum sensitivum, evaluated through acute toxicity studies on guinea pigs. Understanding a substance's toxicity is crucial in pharmacological research, ensuring that potential therapeutic agents do not cause adverse effects, thereby safeguarding animal health and guiding therapeutic dosages.
14) Table:
The 'table' presents quantitative data resulting from the study, displaying the effectiveness of the Biophytum sensitivum extracts against histamine-induced bronchoconstriction. Such tables are essential for summarizing experimental results, allowing for clear comparisons of treatment effects and enhancing the overall clarity of scientific findings.
15) Bronchial asthma:
Bronchial asthma is the specific condition being addressed in the study, characterized by airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness. Understanding its pathophysiology and exploring natural remedies is critical for developing effective treatments that mitigate symptoms, improve quality of life, and reduce reliance on synthetic drugs.
16) Teaching:
Teaching refers to the educational component at Pushpagiri College of Pharmacy, where the study was conducted. This aspect emphasizes the role of academic institutions in fostering research, enhancing students' understanding of pharmacology, and promoting the integration of traditional knowledge with modern scientific inquiry.
17) Species:
Species refers to the various classifications of Biophytum plants explored in the study. The emphasis on specific species highlights the importance of biodiversity in medicinal plants and the need to investigate individual species for their distinct therapeutic potentials, particularly in traditional medicine contexts.
18) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological pertains to the study of the effects of substances, in this case, the ethanolic extract of Biophytum sensitivum. This term underscores the investigation's focus on understanding how the plant's compounds interact within biological systems and their potential therapeutic benefits in treating diseases like asthma.
19) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a key feature of bronchial asthma, serving as a response to allergens and irritants. Understanding its role in asthma pathophysiology is crucial for the study, as targeting inflammatory pathways may provide insights into the therapeutic potential of Biophytum sensitivum in alleviating asthma symptoms.
20) Chengannur (Chenganur):
Chengannur is the location where the Biophytum sensitivum plant was collected for the study. Local flora knowledge is vital in pharmaceutical research, and this geographic reference emphasizes the significance of traditional plant sourcing in validating the therapeutic applications of indigenous medicinal plants in modern medicine.
21) Discussion:
Discussion constitutes a critical section of the research paper where results and implications are analyzed. It interprets the findings regarding Biophytum sensitivum's effectiveness against bronchoconstriction, comparing them to existing literature, and provides a platform for future research directions in phytotherapy for asthma.
22) Snake-bite:
Snake-bite is mentioned as one of the conditions treated using Biophytum sensitivum in traditional medicine. Its inclusion highlights the diverse therapeutic applications of the plant within folk healing practices, indicating a broader scope of research in validating its efficacy for various ailments beyond asthma.
23) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine that emphasizes the use of natural products for healing. The study aligns with Ayurvedic practices by investigating the therapeutic potentials of Biophytum sensitivum, showcasing the relevance of traditional medicine in contemporary pharmacological research and health care.
24) Medicine:
Medicine signifies the broader context of the study, which seeks to validate herbal treatments for asthma. The research contributes to the advancement of knowledge about natural medicines and their integration into modern healthcare practices, providing alternatives to conventional pharmaceuticals for managing chronic diseases.
25) Relative:
Relative is mentioned in the context of environmental conditions under which the guinea pigs were housed. Understanding relative humidity and temperature is important in animal experimentation to control variables that may affect the study's outcomes, ensuring the reliability and reproducibility of the experimental results.
26) Siddha:
Siddha is another traditional system of medicine practiced mainly in southern India, similar to Ayurveda. The study references this system to contextualize the usage of Biophytum sensitivum, emphasizing the importance of diverse traditional practices in exploring natural remedies for modern health challenges like asthma.
27) Bitter:
Bitter refers to the taste profile of Biophytum sensitivum, which is a characteristic of many medicinal plants known for their therapeutic benefits. Such taste properties may indicate potential pharmacological effects, aligning with traditional beliefs regarding bitter herbs enhancing digestion and overall health, thus warranting exploration in medicine.
28) Powder:
Powder refers to the processed form of Biophytum sensitivum leaves used in the study's extraction process. Transforming plant material into powder facilitates the extraction of active compounds for pharmacological testing, enhancing the plant's potential clinical applications by maximizing the availability of therapeutic constituents.
29) Campu:
Campu appears to be a typographical error or misspelling. If intended to represent 'campus,' it highlights the research setting at Pushpagiri College of Pharmacy, emphasizing the importance of academic environments in fostering pharmaceutical research and education that integrates traditional knowledge with scientific inquiry.
30) Kumar:
Kumar is the name of one of the authors involved in the study. His inclusion signifies collaboration among researchers, which is essential in scientific investigations for differing expertise to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the uses of Biophytum sensitivum for treating asthma.
31) Glass:
Glass refers to the material used in the histamine chamber for exposing guinea pigs during the experiments. The design and construction of such apparatus are essential for controlling experimental conditions and ensuring transparency in results, thereby enhancing the reliability and validity of scientific research methodologies.
32) Fever:
Fever is a term associated with various illnesses, including respiratory conditions like asthma. Recognizing its role in health can enhance understanding of patient symptoms and the mechanisms by which natural products, such as Biophytum sensitivum, may address multiple disease manifestations, including inflammatory responses.
33) Death:
Death emphasizes the potential severity of bronchial asthma and the role of effective treatments. By studying Biophytum sensitivum, researchers aim to uncover therapeutic options that mitigate life-threatening asthma attacks, ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes and preventive strategies in respiratory health.
34) Food:
Food relates to the dietary context under which the experimental animals were managed. Understanding the role of nutrition and diet is key in animal studies, as it can influence physiological responses to treatments and affect overall study outcomes, particularly in pharmacological research.
35) Diet:
Diet refers to the nutritional regimen provided to guinea pigs during the study, which is crucial for maintaining health and stability in experimental conditions. Proper dietary management ensures that observed effects of the ethanolic extracts on asthma can be attributed to the treatments rather than nutritional deficiencies.
36) Life:
Life signifies the broader implications of the research findings regarding Biophytum sensitivum and its traditional nickname 'Life plant.' The study explores the potential health benefits of this plant, contributing to a deeper understanding of how traditional medicines can positively impact human health and well-being.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘"Anti-asthmatic study of Biophytum sensitivum leaf extract in guinea pigs"’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Bronchial asthma, Flavonoid, Acute Toxicity Studies, Phytochemical analysis, Chronic lung disease, Standard drug, Toxicity study, Traditional system, In vivo, LD 50 value, Cardiac glycoside, Preliminary phytochemical studies, Analyses of variance, Phytoconstituent.