Phytochemical evaluations of chukrasia tabularis leaves

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Phytochemical evaluations of chukrasia tabularis leaves
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Original source:

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Author:

J. K. D. Tejaswi, Dr. R. Govinda Rajan and M. Yogitha


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: Phytochemical evaluations of chukrasia tabularis leaves

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr201612-7452


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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

The study presented in the World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research focuses on the phytochemical evaluations of Chukrasia tabularis leaves, a plant from the Meliaceae family found predominantly in evergreen and deciduous forests. The primary aim of the research was to investigate the presence of phytochemicals and quantify the total flavonoid content in the plant's extracts. Various methods of extraction were employed, with a strong emphasis on utilizing different solvents in increasing polarity to obtain extracts rich in bioactive substances. This phytochemical screening has implications for the formulation of new drugs, addressing the growing concern of disease resistance.

Phytochemical Screening and Extraction Methodologies

The phytochemical screening process involved a series of qualitative tests to identify active compounds present in the extracts. Young leaves of Chukrasia tabularis were collected, air-dried, and powdered before being subjected to successive solvent extraction using solvents such as Petroleum Ether, Chloroform, Ethyl Acetate, Methanol, and Water. The yields from these extractions varied, with methanol yielding the highest percentage at 44.77%, while each solvent was analyzed for specific phytochemicals, including carbohydrates, proteins, flavonoids, and more. These evaluations highlighted the complex array of bioactive compounds found within the plant.

Total Flavonoid Content Analysis

A critical aspect of the research involved determining the total flavonoid content within the ethyl acetate fraction of the methanolic extract. This analysis was performed using a calibration curve method, wherein the absorbance of a pink-colored solution formed after reacting the extract with sodium nitrite and aluminum chloride was measured at 510 nm. The study found that 1 mg of the dried ethyl acetate fraction contained approximately 180 mcg of flavonoids. This quantification demonstrates the significant potential of Chukrasia tabularis as a source of flavonoids, which are known for their numerous health benefits.

Isolation and Characterization of Compounds

The research also included the isolation of chemical constituents through column chromatography following the extraction process. The various fractions obtained were analyzed for phytochemicals to identify the specific active compounds. The spectral analysis using techniques such as IR, H1 NMR, and Mass Spectrum was conducted to characterize the isolated compounds, particularly in one fraction identified as containing a flavonoid nucleus. This thorough examination of the plant's extracts indicates the presence of diverse bioactive components that may contribute to its medicinal properties.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the research underscores the richness of Chukrasia tabularis in secondary metabolites with potential pharmacological implications. The successful isolation and identification of phytochemicals, particularly flavonoids, highlight the need for further investigations into the bioactive substances derived from this plant. As traditional medicine continues to gain traction, the insights provided by this study pave the way for developing new therapeutic agents that could play a crucial role in combating various ailments and addressing the complications associated with disease resistance. Future research is encouraged to explore these active ingredients more deeply for the benefit of public health.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What was the main objective of the study on Chukrasia tabularis?

The study aimed to investigate the presence of phytochemicals and determine the total flavonoid content in the extract of Chukrasia tabularis leaves.

What methods were used to extract compounds from Chukrasia tabularis?

The extraction involved successive solvent extraction using solvents of increasing polarity, including Petroleum Ether, Chloroform, Ethyl acetate, Methanol, and Water, using a Soxhlet apparatus.

What were the key findings regarding phytochemicals in the study?

The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, steroids, and tannins in the methanol extract of Chukrasia tabularis.

How much total flavonoid content was found in the extract?

The study concluded that the Ethyl acetate fraction of the methanolic extract contained approximately 180 mcg of flavonoids.

What is the significance of phytochemical screening in medicinal plants?

Phytochemical screening is crucial for identifying bioactive compounds that may be used to develop new and effective drugs to treat various diseases.

Where is Chukrasia tabularis commonly found?

Chukrasia tabularis is commonly found in evergreen rainforests and deciduous forests across regions in India, Sri Lanka, and parts of Southeast Asia.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Phytochemical evaluations of chukrasia tabularis leaves”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids are a diverse group of phytonutrients found in many fruits, vegetables, and herbs. They are known for their antioxidant properties, which can help reduce oxidative stress in the body. The study of flavonoids from Chukrasia tabularis indicates their potential for use in drug formulation aimed at combating disease resistance.

2) Phytochemical:
Phytochemicals are natural bioactive compounds produced by plants. They play a crucial role in traditional medicine and modern pharmacology by providing health benefits. The phytochemical evaluation of Chukrasia tabularis is significant as it enhances our understanding of its medicinal properties and supports the search for new therapeutic agents.

3) Table:
Tables are used to organize data and present findings in a clear and concise manner. In the study, tables systematically outline experimental results, including the percentage yield of various extracts and the presence of phytochemicals. This organized representation aids in better understanding and comparison of the results obtained from the research.

4) Water:
Water is a crucial solvent in many scientific experiments, including plant extraction processes. It is often used to extract polar compounds from plant materials. In the context of Chukrasia tabularis, water extraction is significant as it allows for the retrieval of specific bioactive compounds that can have therapeutic effects.

5) India:
India is recognized for its rich biodiversity and traditional medicinal practices. The presence of Chukrasia tabularis in various regions of India highlights its importance in local medicine. Understanding the phytochemical properties of this plant can contribute to India's traditional health systems and its global pharmaceutical research initiatives.

6) Substance:
Substances are defined materials or compounds that exhibit specific properties and biological activities. In the context of the research, the focus is on bioactive substances present in Chukrasia tabularis leaves that can potentially lead to the development of new drugs for therapeutic use in treating diseases.

7) Medicine:
Medicine involves the science of diagnosing, treating, and preventing disease. The extraction and evaluation of phytochemicals from plants like Chukrasia tabularis can lead to new medicinal discoveries. The compounds identified in this plant could provide alternative treatments, improving health outcomes for various ailments.

8) Forest:
Forests are essential ecosystems that support diverse flora and fauna. Chukrasia tabularis is found in evergreen and deciduous forests, indicating its ecological significance. The study of phytochemicals from forest plants underscores the importance of conserving these habitats for future medicinal discoveries.

9) Amaravati:
Amaravathi is a location in India where the study took place. It is significant as it provides a geographical context to the research by indicating the local ecosystem from which Chukrasia tabularis was collected. Local plants are often adapted to their environment, influencing their phytochemical composition.

10) Powder:
Powder refers to the form of ground plant material used in extraction processes. The leaves of Chukrasia tabularis were crushed into powder to increase the surface area for extraction. The powdered form facilitates efficient solvent extraction, enhancing bioactive compound yield, which is vital for the study.

11) Study (Studying):
The study represents a systematic investigation aimed at understanding the phytochemical composition of Chukrasia tabularis. The research is significant for outlining methods of extraction, analysis of compounds, and potential medicinal applications, contributing to the broader field of pharmacognosy and drug development.

12) Rich (Rch):
Rich is used to indicate the abundance of compounds such as flavonoids and other phytochemicals within Chukrasia tabularis. The term reflects the potential of plants to offer a variety of bioactive substances which can be harnessed for therapeutic purposes, emphasizing their value in medicinal research.

13) Road:
Road signifies infrastructure, providing access to sites where plants like Chukrasia tabularis can be collected for research. It highlights the connection between nature, transportation, and the necessity of logistics in conducting fieldwork, which is essential for gathering samples for phytochemical analysis.

14) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological refers to the study of drug action and the role of drugs in treating diseases. The pharmacological evaluation of extracts from Chukrasia tabularis is important for identifying active compounds that may contribute to new therapeutic agents in the treatment of various health conditions.

15) Purification:
Purification involves isolating specific compounds from a mixture. In the context of the study, purification techniques are crucial to isolate bioactive substances from Chukrasia tabularis, allowing for further investigation into their properties and potential use as medication for health issues.

16) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
Tamil Nadu is a state in India where Chukrasia tabularis occurs, further underscoring the plant's ecological and cultural importance. Understanding the local species in their habitats provides guidance on how traditional practices and modern pharmacology can collaborate for health advancements.

17) Karnataka:
Karnataka is another Indian state where Chukrasia tabularis can be found. The presence of the plant in multiple states illustrates its widespread distribution and potential relevance in regional traditional medicine, as well as the biodiversity that supports medicinal research.

18) Knowledge:
Knowledge represents the understanding gained from research and experimentation. In this study, knowledge about the phytochemical constituents of Chukrasia tabularis contributes to the broader scientific community's insights into plant-based medicines, emphasizing the importance of ongoing research in pharmacognosy.

19) Govinda (Go-vinda, Govimda):
Govinda refers to Dr. R. Govinda Rajan, one of the authors involved in the study. His contribution underlines the collaborative nature of research, highlighting the importance of academic partnerships and expertise in conducting scientific investigations into plant phytochemistry.

20) Heating:
Heating is a technique used during chemical tests to induce reactions that reveal the presence of specific compounds. In the study, heating plays a role in tests such as Millon’s test for proteins, allowing researchers to identify key phytochemicals in the extracts from Chukrasia tabularis.

21) Disease:
Disease pertains to any condition that impacts normal bodily function. The research on Chukrasia tabularis aims to identify bioactive compounds that can potentially address disease challenges, revealing the plant's importance in developing effective therapeutic agents against various health conditions.

22) Bengal (Bemgal):
Bengal refers to a region in India where Chukrasia tabularis is found. The ecological diversity of Bengal contributes to the understanding of plant distribution, local medicinal knowledge, and the potential for discovering novel phytochemicals that may lead to new treatment options in medicine.

23) Indian:
Indian emphasizes the geographical and cultural context of the study. The rich heritage of traditional medicine in India provides a backdrop for the investigation of plants like Chukrasia tabularis, which may offer insights into effective natural remedies for various health issues.

24) Botany:
Botany is the scientific study of plants. In this research, knowledge of botany is required for the identification and classification of Chukrasia tabularis. The study underlines the interconnection between botany and pharmacognosy in the exploration of plant-derived pharmaceuticals.

25) Lanka (Lamka, Lànkà):
Lanka, or Sri Lanka, is mentioned as part of the natural distribution range of Chukrasia tabularis. The inclusion of various regions showcases the global significance of the plant and emphasizes the need for international cooperation in the study of plant-based medicines.

26) Rajan:
Rajan refers to Dr. R. Govinda Rajan, a co-author of the research. His involvement signifies the collaborative efforts in scientific inquiry, as expertise from multiple researchers enhances the depth and quality of the investigation into the medicinal properties of Chukrasia tabularis.

27) Shalem (Salem):
Salem is a city in Tamil Nadu, India, associated with the growth of Chukrasia tabularis. The geographical mention underscores the significance of regional biodiversity in the study, emphasizing the need to examine local plants in the context of their environment for medicinal use.

28) Sugar:
Sugar is a type of carbohydrate identified in the phytochemical screening of Chukrasia tabularis. The presence of carbohydrates indicates the nutritional value of the plant and its potential role in energy metabolism, contributing to the overall understanding of its medicinal benefits.

29) Tamil:
Tamil refers to the regional language and culture associated with the Tamil Nadu state of India. Recognizing the cultural aspects entwined with the study of Chukrasia tabularis enriches the understanding of traditional uses of the plant and its integration into local health practices.

30) Cina:
China, included in the habitat range of Chukrasia tabularis, emphasizes the plant's ecological adaptability and distribution. It highlights the importance of international research collaboration to explore the pharmacological potential of plants native to different geographical regions.

31) Nadu:
Nadu signifies 'land' in Tamil and is part of several place names in South India, such as Tamil Nadu. The term reinforces the cultural and geographical context of the study focusing on local plant species like Chukrasia tabularis that play significant roles in traditional medicine.

32) Ghat (Gham):
Ghat refers to the series of steps or steep slopes commonly associated with the Western Ghats in India. The ecological characteristics of these regions contribute to the diversity of flora, including Chukrasia tabularis, which may harbor unique phytochemicals of medicinal importance.

33) Drug:
Drug refers to any substance used in the treatment, diagnosis, or prevention of disease. This study identifies the bioactive compounds present in Chukrasia tabularis, suggesting their potential use in developing new drugs to address health challenges and improve therapeutic practices.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Phytochemical evaluations of chukrasia tabularis leaves’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Flavonoid, Medicinal herb, Bioactive substances, Phytochemical screening, Phytochemical evaluation, Total flavonoid content, Qualitative phytochemical analysis, Column chromatography, Pharmaceutical Research, Solvent extraction, Soxhlet Apparatus, Spectral analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Phenolic compound, Extraction technique, Active component, Deciduous forest.

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