Study on adverse drug reactions during corticosteroid therapy.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: A prospective study to evaluate the adverse drug reaction during corticosteroid therapy in a tertiary care teaching hospital
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Original source:
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Dr. S. Karthikeyan, Dr. V. Akilandeswari, Dr. Vasanth. S, Dr. Elavarasi. P
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: A prospective study to evaluate the adverse drug reaction during corticosteroid therapy in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
Doi: 10.20959/wjpr201612-7437
Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Corticosteroids are pivotal in treating inflammatory diseases and autoimmune disorders, but they also come with a risk of various adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of adverse effects associated with corticosteroid therapy in patients at a tertiary care teaching hospital. A total of 100 patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and chronic eczema were analyzed over a six-month period, focusing on their experiences with oral and topical corticosteroid treatments.
Adverse Drug Reactions in Oral Corticosteroids
The study revealed that oral corticosteroids, particularly prednisolone, led to significant adverse effects. Among the 75 patients treated with oral corticosteroids, the most common side effects included hypertension (46.7%), hyperglycemia (24%), cushingoid features (16%), and peptic ulcer disease (13.3%). The causality assessment indicated that these adverse effects were likely linked to the steroid treatment, highlighting the need for careful monitoring in patients receiving long-term oral corticosteroid therapy.
Adverse Drug Reactions in Topical Corticosteroids
In contrast, the 25 patients who received topical corticosteroids (betamethasone dipropionate) experienced a different profile of adverse effects. The most prevalent reaction was hyperglycemia, observed in 60% of the patients, followed by cushingoid features in 40%. Unlike the oral administration group, hypertension and peptic ulcer disease were not reported among patients using topical corticosteroids. This difference underscores the variability in adverse reactions based on the route of corticosteroid administration.
Gender and Age Distribution of Adverse Reactions
The study also examined demographic factors influencing adverse reactions. Among the patients using oral corticosteroids, there was a higher prevalence in females (48 patients) compared to males (27 patients). Conversely, men were more common among those using topical corticosteroids for eczema. The age distribution indicated that most patients (66) were between the ages of 41-65, suggesting that adults are particularly susceptible to the adverse effects of corticosteroid treatments.
Conclusion
This study underscores the importance of monitoring adverse drug reactions associated with corticosteroid therapy, particularly in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and chronic eczema. The findings indicate that while both oral and topical corticosteroids are effective treatments, they are also associated with significant adverse events, particularly hypertension and hyperglycemia. The study highlights the need for clinicians to be vigilant in assessing and managing the risks of corticosteroid therapy, especially in long-term treatment scenarios.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What was the objective of the study on corticosteroids?
The study aimed to evaluate the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) caused by corticosteroid therapy in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and chronic eczema, particularly focusing on those treated for more than six months.
How many patients were involved in the corticosteroid study?
A total of 100 patients participated in the study, with 75 from the Rheumatology outpatient department and 25 from the Dermatology outpatient department.
What were the common adverse effects associated with oral corticosteroids?
The most common adverse effects in patients taking oral corticosteroids were hypertension (46.7%), hyperglycemia (24%), cushingoid features (16%), and peptic ulcer disease (13.3%).
What adverse effects were observed with topical corticosteroids?
In patients using topical corticosteroids, the predominant adverse effects were hyperglycemia (60%) and cushingoid features (40%), with no reports of hypertension or peptic ulcer disease.
How were the causality scores assessed for adverse drug reactions?
Causality scores were assessed using the Naranjo probability scale, categorizing relationships between corticosteroids and observed adverse effects. Scores indicated probable links for hypertension, hyperglycemia, and cushingoid features.
What was the conclusion regarding the long-term use of corticosteroids?
The study concluded that long-term corticosteroid use increases the incidence of adverse effects, with oral corticosteroids leading to more hypertension and hyperglycemia, compared to topical preparations.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Study on adverse drug reactions during corticosteroid therapy.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Drug:
The term 'Drug' refers to any substance used for medical treatment, prevention, or diagnosis of disease. In this study, corticosteroids are a class of drugs analyzed to evaluate their adverse effects on patients suffering from inflammatory diseases. Understanding drug effects is crucial for ensuring safe and effective medical treatment.
2) Disease:
'Disease' signifies a pathological condition affecting the body, causing discomfort or dysfunction. In this context, diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and eczema are examined concerning corticosteroid therapy. Recognizing and treating diseases effectively requires a comprehensive understanding of their impacts on patients and the potential side effects of treatment options.
3) Study (Studying):
'Study' pertains to a systematic investigation or analysis aimed at discovering new information or validating existing data. In this article, a prospective study is conducted to evaluate the adverse drug reactions associated with corticosteroids. Research studies are vital for enhancing clinical practice and patient safety in medicine.
4) Ulcer:
'Ulcer' refers to a sore or lesion on the skin or a mucous membrane. It is a significant adverse effect observed in patients taking corticosteroids, specifically peptic ulcers. Awareness of such complications is essential in clinical settings to prevent morbidity and manage patient care effectively.
5) Rheumatoid arthritis:
'Rheumatoid arthritis' is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder affecting joints. The study focuses on patients with this condition receiving corticosteroid treatment, highlighting the need to assess the balance between therapeutic benefits and potential adverse reactions associated with long-term corticosteroid use in such patients.
6) Medicine:
'Medicine' encompasses the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing illness. In the study, corticosteroids are explored as a medicinal intervention for inflammatory diseases. Understanding how medicines work and their side effects is crucial for effective patient care and informed treatment decisions.
7) Male:
'Male' refers to the gender of patients included in the study. The research indicates a higher prevalence of certain conditions in female patients. Gender differences can illuminate susceptibility and responses to medications, crucial for personalized healthcare strategies and understanding the demographic variations in drug reactions.
8) Pharmacology:
'Pharmacology' is the branch of medicine focused on drug action and interaction within biological systems. This field is vital to the study as it provides insights into the mechanisms and impacts of corticosteroids, aiding healthcare professionals in making informed decisions regarding prescription and patient management.
9) Tiruvarur:
'Thiruvarur' is referenced as the location of the Govt. Thiruvarur Medical College where the study was conducted. The geographical context can influence patient demographics, disease prevalence, and responses to treatment, emphasizing the importance of local studies in understanding and applying medical knowledge effectively.
10) Suffering:
'Suffering' describes the physical or emotional distress experienced by patients due to disease or treatment. Recognizing and addressing the suffering caused by adverse drug reactions in patients receiving corticosteroid therapy is paramount for improving quality of life and ensuring comprehensive patient-centered care.
11) Indian:
'Indian' relates to the population studied in the context of the research. Identifying regional variations in disease prevalence and drug response is essential for developing public health strategies and personalized medicine approaches that cater specifically to the unique characteristics of the Indian population.
12) Inflammation:
'Inflammation' is the body’s response to injury or infection, often characterized by redness, swelling, and pain. Corticosteroids are used to manage inflammation; however, their adverse reactions need to be monitored. Understanding inflammation helps rationalize the use of drugs like corticosteroids in medical practice.
13) Discussion:
'Discussion' refers to the analysis and interpretation of study findings. It allows researchers to contextualize results, compare them with existing literature, and suggest implications for practice. A thorough discussion enhances understanding of the relationship between drug therapy and adverse outcomes in patient care.
14) Teaching:
'Teaching' involves imparting knowledge or skills. In the medical context, educating healthcare professionals about drug reactions and management strategies is essential for improving clinical outcomes. The study can serve as a teaching tool for better understanding the effects of corticosteroids in therapeutic settings.
15) Pregnant:
'Pregnant' refers to women who are expecting a child. The study excludes pregnant women due to potential risks associated with corticosteroid use during pregnancy. Understanding the implications of medication use in this group is vital to ensure maternal and fetal safety during treatment.
16) Chennai:
'Chennai' denotes the city where the study’s patient cohort was drawn from. Geographical considerations affect disease epidemiology and healthcare access, making it crucial for studies to be localized. The findings can inform better medical practices in Chennai and similar urban settings.
17) Allergy:
'Allergy' is a hypersensitive response of the immune system to certain substances. This term is relevant to the study as it highlights potential adverse drug reactions that may occur in susceptible individuals. Recognizing allergy risks can lead to better medication management and patient safety in treatment plans.
18) Death:
'Death' signifies the end of life and is a critical outcome in assessing drug safety. The study discusses adverse drug reactions where serious complications could lead to life-threatening situations. Monitoring the safety of medications is crucial to prevent morbidity and mortality in patients.
19) Life:
'Life' refers to the human experience impacted by health and disease. In the context of the study, assessing adverse drug reactions is vital for protecting life and enhancing well-being. The ultimate goal of medical treatments is to improve life quality while minimizing harmful effects.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Study on adverse drug reactions during corticosteroid therapy.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Rheumatoid arthritis, Long-term treatment, Indian population, Adverse drug reaction, Gender-wise distribution, Female patient, Hypertension, Hyperglycemia, Prospective study, Age distribution, Pharmacovigilance, Peptic ulcer disease, Chronic eczema, Geriatric Patient, Therapeutic benefit, Adverse event, Corticosteroid therapy, Oral corticosteroid, Topical corticosteroid, Serious complication, Paediatric patients, Health care cost, Rheumatic Disorder, Naranjo probability scale, Retrospective survey.
Concepts being referred in other categories, contexts and sources.