Diclofenac sodium microspheres formulation with Eudragit RS100.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Diclofenac sodium microspheres formulation with Eudragit RS100.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Drug:
A drug is a chemical substance used in the diagnosis, cure, treatment, or prevention of disease. In the context of this study, Diclofenac sodium is highlighted as an anti-inflammatory agent. Its formulation into microspheres aims to achieve sustained release, enhancing therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance through controlled drug delivery systems.

2) Table:
A table is an organized arrangement of data typically presented in rows and columns. In scientific literature, tables are crucial for summarizing research findings such as particle sizes, yields, and encapsulation efficiencies. They allow for quick comparisons and facilitate understanding of results, which can be essential for readers interpreting the data.

3) Surface:
The surface refers to the outermost layer of an object. In this context, the surface morphology of the microspheres, analyzed via techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), provides insights into their characteristics like shape and porosity, which significantly impact drug release rates and the stability of the formulation.

4) Medium:
Medium refers to the substance in which a process occurs. For example, in this research, dissolution medium (0.1 N HCl followed by phosphate buffer) plays a crucial role in evaluating the drug release behavior of microspheres. It simulates physiological conditions, influencing how effectively the drug is released and absorbed in the body.

5) Study (Studying):
A study is a systematic investigation aimed at discovering or interpreting facts. This research manuscript investigates the formulation and evaluation of sustained release microspheres containing Diclofenac sodium. It explores how varying formulation parameters affect drug entrapment efficiency and release characteristics, contributing valuable knowledge to pharmaceutical sciences and drug delivery methodologies.

6) Water:
Water is often used as a solvent in pharmaceutical formulations due to its polarity, which aids in dissolving hydrophilic substances. In this study, water's role is critical as it forms part of the microsphere preparation process and is an essential solvent for numerous chemicals, influencing the encapsulation and release of the drug.

7) Powder:
Powder is a dry substance composed of finely divided particles. In pharmaceutical formulations, active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) like Diclofenac sodium may be in powder form before processing. The physical properties of powders—including solubility and flowability—affect how they are processed into microspheres and ultimately their effectiveness in drug delivery.

8) Substance:
A substance refers to any material which has a definite chemical composition. The study focuses on specific substances such as Diclofenac sodium and Eudragit RS100. Understanding their properties and interactions is essential to facilitate the formulation process of sustained release microspheres and optimize drug delivery systems for therapeutic purposes.

9) India:
India is the region where the research was conducted, specifically at Osmania University, Hyderabad. The country's diverse pharmaceutical industry focuses on developing effective drug delivery systems. This context emphasizes the relevance and potential global impact of the research on sustained release formulations within the Indian pharmaceutical landscape.

10) Nature:
Nature refers to the inherent qualities or characteristics of a substance. In this research, particular attention is given to the nature of polymer Eudragit RS100, which determines its functionality as a drug carrier. Understanding these properties ensures successful encapsulation of Diclofenac sodium and influences drug release profiles.

11) Reason:
Reason indicates the cause or explanation for phenomena. In this study, various reasons are explored for the observed results in drug entrapment efficiencies and release rates from microspheres. By understanding these reasons, researchers can optimize formulation parameters to improve the performance of sustained release drug delivery systems.

12) Glass:
Glass in the study likely refers to glassware used during experiments. Glass equipment, such as beakers or volumetric flasks, is commonly utilized to prepare solvents and solutions, ensuring the accuracy and precision of measurements needed in formulating microspheres, analyzing drug content, and performing compatibility studies.

13) Biodegradable:
Biodegradable refers to the ability of a substance to decompose naturally by biological processes. Eudragit RS100 is recognized for its biodegradable properties, making it suitable for pharmaceutical applications. This characteristic minimizes environmental impact and enhances patient safety by reducing long-term effects of polymer remnants in the body post-drug release.

14) Surrounding:
Surrounding refers to the external environment where reactions or interactions occur. The surrounding conditions—such as temperature and pH—during microsphere formulation and drug release studies are critical. They can significantly affect how the drug interacts with the polymer and influences the overall effectiveness and safety of the drug delivery system.

15) Discussion:
Discussion encompasses the analytical interpretation of results gathered from experiments. In academic papers, such as this study, the discussion section evaluates the findings against the existing literature, providing insights into the efficacy and implications of the research. It critically assesses the data's relevance and suggests future areas of investigation.

16) Activity:
Activity typically describes the functional performance of a substance, such as its therapeutic effects in this study. The anti-inflammatory activity of Diclofenac sodium is central to its clinical application. Understanding the activity is crucial for validating the formulation's effectiveness and establishing its potential benefits in treating conditions like arthritis.

17) Bitter:
Bitter describes one of the basic taste sensations. In this study, the taste of Diclofenac sodium is acknowledged as slightly bitter. This characteristic can impact patient acceptability and adherence, particularly for oral formulations. Thus, understanding taste profiles may influence the development of more palatable dosage forms.

18) Purity:
Purity indicates the absence of contaminants in a chemical sample. In pharmaceuticals, high purity levels are vital for ensuring safety and efficacy. In this study, purity was assessed through melting point determination. The purity of Diclofenac sodium is crucial for reliable drug formulation and ensuring consistent therapeutic outcomes.

19) Fainting (Fainted):
Faint refers to something that is not strongly noticeable or clear. In the context of Eudragit RS100, it is described as having a faint characteristic odor. While typically not impacting its efficacy, such sensory attributes can be relevant in formulation development and may influence user perception of the final pharmaceutical product.

20) Gold (Golden):
Gold may pertain to its use as a coating material in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), enhancing the visualization of microspheres. Gold is frequently used to conduct electrons effectively, contributing to detailed imaging that provides insights into the surface morphology of microspheres, impacting their performance in drug delivery systems.