Questerview method for mixed clinical stress evaluation.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: The questerview method as a measuring tool in integrated qualitative quantitative clinical stress evaluation study
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Abhilash Thomas, Malay Kumar Samanta, Satendra Kumar Dubey, SaneshPrasad Jose, Arun KP
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: The questerview method as a measuring tool in integrated qualitative quantitative clinical stress evaluation study
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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Summary of article contents:
1) Introduction
The study aimed to evaluate the psychological and physical stress levels in individuals using a mixed-method approach combining self-administered questionnaires with face-to-face interviews. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form 7 (IPAQ-SF7) were utilized to assess various aspects of stress and physical activity among 128 participants in Ooty, India. This dual-method approach was designed to enhance data collection and interpretation, minimizing biases and increasing participant engagement.
2) Integration of Questionnaire and Interview Methods
The research employed the "Questerview" method, which integrates self-completed questionnaires and personal interviews to gather comprehensive data on stress experiences. This method allows participants to clarify doubts regarding the questions, thereby ensuring better understanding and more accurate responses. The face-to-face interaction helps build rapport and fosters transparency, which, in turn, motivates participants to provide more honest and reflective answers about their psychological and physical stress levels.
3) Readability and Reliability of Questionnaires
An essential aspect of the study was evaluating the readability and reliability of the administered questionnaires. The results showed favorable Flesch Reading Ease Scores of 74.7 for DASS-21 and 70.2 for IPAQ-SF7, indicating that both instruments were fairly easy to read. Moreover, the Gunning's FOG scores, which assess text readability based on sentence length and complexity, were 8 and 7.2, respectively. In terms of reliability, assessed through Cronbach’s Alpha, both DASS-21 and IPAQ-SF7 displayed excellent internal consistency with scores of 0.72 and 0.84, respectively. These findings suggest that the questionnaires are both easily understandable and statistically reliable for making assessments in diverse populations.
4) Test-Retest Validity Assessment
The study also investigated the test-retest validity of the questionnaires within a two-week interval for a subset of participants. The test results demonstrated no significant differences in scores between the first and second administrations, indicating strong consistency over time. Specifically, the test-retest reliability showed a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.99 for DASS-21 and 0.91 for IPAQ-SF7, further reinforcing the reliability of these measures. This aspect is particularly important for future research, as it supports the instruments' utility in monitoring psychological and physical stress consistently over time.
5) Conclusion
The findings from this study highlight the effectiveness of the "Questerview" method in assessing psychological stress and physical activity through structured interviews and self-administered questionnaires. Both the DASS-21 and IPAQ-SF7 demonstrated high readability and reliability, making them suitable tools for research and clinical applications in different populations. Furthermore, the demonstrated test-retest reliability confirms that these instruments can reliably track changes in stress levels and physical activity over time. Overall, this research contributes to a better understanding of stress measurement in clinical settings, paving the way for further studies on stress-related pharmacokinetics and therapeutic outcomes.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What was the aim of the study conducted by Abhilash et al.?
The study aimed to evaluate the readability and test-retest reliability of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF7) using the Questerview method in assessing psychological and physical stress.
How many participants were involved in the research study?
A total of 128 participants were enrolled in the study, including various occupations from the Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu.
What methods were used to collect data from participants?
The study employed self-completion of questionnaires through pencil and paper methods, along with one-on-one interviews conducted by a social worker to avoid interviewer bias.
What were the main results regarding the readability of the questionnaires?
The DASS-21 and IPAQ-SF7 displayed Flesch Reading Ease Scores of 74.7 and 70.2 respectively, indicating fairly easy readability, and Gunning FOG scores of 8 and 7.2, marking them ideal for reading.
What reliability scores did DASS-21 and IPAQ-SF7 achieve?
The internal consistency measured by Cronbach’s alpha for DASS-21 was 0.72, and for IPAQ-SF7, it was 0.84, indicating excellent reliability of both questionnaires.
What is the significance of the Questerview method in the study?
The Questerview method facilitated better understanding and communication between the participants and interviewers, enhancing data collection on stress measures without invasive techniques.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Questerview method for mixed clinical stress evaluation.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Reliability:
Reliability refers to the consistency of scores obtained from a questionnaire over time. It is a crucial aspect of psychometric properties that ensures the measurement tool delivers stable and consistent results. In the context of the study, it validates the effectiveness of the DASS-21 and IPAQ-SF7 questionnaires in assessing stress and physical activity.
2) Anxiety:
Anxiety is one of the psychological states measured in the study. It reflects the intensity of feelings related to nervousness, fear, and apprehension. Understanding anxiety levels in participants helps in identifying their stress responses and guides future interventions for mental health improvements.
3) Depression:
Depression is another core psychological construct evaluated in this study using DASS-21. It encompasses emotions like sadness, hopelessness, and lack of interest. The assessment of depression provides insights into participants' mental health, allowing for appropriate interventions aimed at improving psychological well-being.
4) Study (Studying):
The study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the DASS-21 and IPAQ-SF7 questionnaires in assessing psychological stress and physical activity levels. It involves a mixed methodology, combining self-reports and face-to-face interviews to gather comprehensive data from participants.
5) Activity:
Activity, particularly physical activity, is measured by the IPAQ-SF7 questionnaire. Understanding activity levels provides critical data on participants' physical health and its relation to mental well-being, thereby offering a holistic view of their overall health status.
6) Table:
Tables in the study are used to present quantitative data and result summaries, such as readability scores, reliability indices, and participant demographics. They enhance clarity and facilitate easy comparison of results across different questionnaires and participant groups.
7) Measurement:
Measurement is a fundamental aspect of the study, focusing on how psychological states like stress, anxiety, and depression are quantified. The study utilizes standardized questionnaires for accurate measurement, enabling researchers to draw valid conclusions about participants' mental health.
8) Language:
Language plays a pivotal role in the study as questionnaires are translated into Tamil for participants in Tamil Nadu. Ensuring comprehensibility through appropriate language is essential for accurate responses and effective communication between the interviewer and participants.
9) Life:
Life, in the context of the study, refers to participants' daily experiences of stress and physical activity. Understanding how different factors influence their life quality can help address their mental health needs more effectively.
10) Education:
Education is indirectly relevant as it impacts participants' understanding of the questionnaires. The study acknowledges varying literacy levels, which can affect how questions are interpreted and answered, thereby influencing data accuracy and reliability.
11) Quality:
Quality refers to the overall standard of the psychometric tools used in the study. High-quality instruments like DASS-21 and IPAQ-SF7 are essential for reliable data collection and accurate assessment of mental and physical health.
12) Mysore:
Mysore is mentioned as part of the institutional affiliation of the authors. It signifies the geographical context within which the research is conducted, adding relevance to the cultural and socio-economic background of the study's participants.
13) India:
India denotes the country where the study takes place, contextualizing the research within its specific cultural, social, and economic framework. This context is crucial for understanding participants' experiences of stress and physical activity.
14) Perception:
Perception refers to how participants interpret and respond to stressors in their lives. Individual perceptions significantly influence mental health, making it essential for the study to assess how different stress stimuli are perceived across the participant pool.
15) Thomas:
Thomas likely refers to Dr. Abhilash Thomas, one of the authors of the study. His contributions underline the academic and professional efforts behind the research, as well as the expertise involved in the study's development and execution.
16) Kumar:
Kumar likely refers to one of the co-authors, Malay Kumar Samanta. His tie to the study emphasizes collaboration among researchers, showcasing the combined expertise in addressing psychological and physical health through this research.
17) Doubt:
Doubt in the context of the study relates to participants seeking clarification on questionnaire items. The face-to-face interview methodology allows for immediate clarification, enhancing the understanding and accuracy of responses given by participants during assessments.
18) Field:
Field refers to the discipline of study, which encompasses psychological health, stress measurement, and physical activity assessment. It situates the research within broader academic and clinical practices aimed at enhancing mental health outcomes.
19) Tamil:
Tamil highlights the linguistic and cultural context of the study. The questionnaires were translated into Tamil to ensure participants could understand and respond accurately, fostering inclusivity and effective communication within the research process.
20) Pur:
Poor can describe inadequate mental health, which the study aims to address by measuring depression and anxiety levels in participants. Identifying participants with poor mental health conditions can guide intervention strategies to improve their well-being.
21) Pharmacotherapy:
Pharmacotherapy involves using medications to treat psychological conditions measured in the study. Understanding the relationship between stress, anxiety, and treatment outcomes helps optimize therapeutic strategies for better mental health management.
22) Performance:
Performance refers to how well the questionnaires function in measuring the intended psychological constructs. Assessing performance through reliability and validity tests ensures that the tools accurately capture participants' mental health statuses.
23) Observation:
Observation in this context refers to the data collection process, where participants' responses to questionnaires are recorded. This method provides first-hand insights into their stress experiences, contributing to the qualitative aspects of the study.
24) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the section in the study where findings are interpreted and contextualized. It allows researchers to explore implications of the results, draw conclusions, and suggest future research directions based on the collected data.
25) Collecting:
Collecting pertains to the gathering of data through the DASS-21 and IPAQ-SF7 questionnaires. Efficient data collection methods, such as face-to-face interviews, enhance the accuracy of responses and strengthen the overall findings.
26) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
Tamil Nadu is the state in India where the study is conducted. This geographical context is significant as it affects the cultural and societal factors influencing participants' stress and physical activity levels.
27) Medicine:
Medicine is the broader field that encompasses the study's health-related themes. Understanding the interplay between psychological assessments and medical practices highlights the importance of integrating mental health evaluations into clinical settings.
28) Learning:
Learning refers to the participants' acquisition of knowledge regarding the stress scale and questionnaire content during interaction with the interviewer. This experiential learning can improve the quality of their responses in psychological assessments.
29) Barbara (Varvara):
Barbara refers to a researcher mentioned in the references, contributing to the academic dialogue around measurement methodologies. Her work may offer insights or validation to enhance the current study's reliability and validity assessments.
30) Samanta (Sama-anta, Samamta):
Samanta, referring to Malay Kumar Samanta, co-author in the study, emphasizes collaborative research effort. His involvement suggests an exchange of ideas essential for effectively addressing clinical stress evaluation through rigorous methodologies.
31) Writing:
Writing denotes the act of creating the questionnaires and documenting the study results. Clear and effective writing is crucial for ensuring that the questionnaires are understandable and that findings are communicated effectively to stakeholders.
32) Filling (Filled):
Filling refers to the process by which participants complete the questionnaires. This step is vital for data collection, and ensuring that participants understand the questions accurately influences the reliability and validity of the gathered data.
33) Reason:
Reason encompasses the motivations behind conducting the study. Identifying psychological stress factors and their impact on individuals' lives provides an impetus for developing interventions that enhance mental health and quality of life.
34) Indian:
Indian signifies the demographic profile of the study participants, reflecting the cultural background against which the findings are interpreted. It underscores the relevance of local context in stress and physical activity assessments.
35) Blood:
Blood can relate to various health measurements not covered by the study, such as biomarker assessments for stress. This term underscores the importance of incorporating both subjective and objective measures in comprehensive health evaluations.
36) Jacob:
Jacob could reflect another researcher or author whose work informs the study. The reference to different scholarly contributions enriches the research context, showcasing how collaborative efforts can enhance knowledge in the field.
37) Papa:
Papa likely refers to 'PAPA', the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment mentioned in references. This indicates that similar methodologies might be utilized in assessing diverse populations, extending learning from child psychiatry to adult mental health assessments.
38) Nadu:
Nadu, as part of Tamil Nadu, reinforces the cultural and geographic identity of the study’s participants. Understanding local context is imperative for making informed conclusions regarding mental health and how it might differ from other regions.
39) Sage:
Sage typically refers to a reputable publishing company or source in academia. Referencing authoritative texts underscores the credibility of the methodologies and findings presented in the study, aiming for rigorous academic standards.
40) Sign:
Sign refers to the indicators or symptoms of stress, anxiety, or depression that the study aims to measure. Identifying these signs through validated questionnaires allows for better understanding and potential future interventions.
41) Pain:
Pain, while closely associated with subjective experiences of stress, represents a broader aspect that can be investigated through psychological assessments. Evaluating pain perception alongside stress may uncover interrelated factors impacting overall health outcomes.
42) Mud:
Mood reflects emotional states such as happiness or sadness, which are essential in assessing psychological health. Measuring mood alongside anxiety and depression helps paint a comprehensive picture of participants' mental well-being.
43) Viru:
Viru may refer to a specific aspect of research or a term used in an example within the study. Contextually, it highlights the potential cultural or situational variables influencing stress and physical activity assessments.