Recent patent review on self microemulsifying drug delivery system
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Recent patent review on self microemulsifying drug delivery system
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Laxmikant T.Gadhe, Sameeran V.Kapadi, Baburao Bachkar and Mayur Gandhi,Swati talele, Dr.G.N.Chaudhari
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
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Full text available for: Recent patent review on self microemulsifying drug delivery system
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The article discusses Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SMEDDS), which are isotropic mixtures of oil, surfactants, and co-surfactants that spontaneously form oil-in-water microemulsions upon mild agitation with water. These systems are particularly advantageous for enhancing the absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs when taken orally. This overview emphasizes the significance of SMEDDS in improving the bioavailability of certain drug types, particularly those characterized by poor solubility, and reviews recent patents associated with this emerging technology.
The Importance of Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems
Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems are crucial in pharmacology as they address the challenges posed by poorly soluble drugs, especially those classified under the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) as classes II and IV. BCS Class II drugs demonstrate low solubility but good permeability, while Class IV drugs suffer from both poor solubility and permeability. SMEDDS facilitate the solubilization and absorption of these drugs by providing a formulation that enhances their dissolution profile, ultimately leading to increased therapeutic effectiveness and better patient outcomes.
Mechanism of Self-Emulsification
The mechanism of self-emulsification in SMEDDS is driven by the low Gibbs free energy required for forming microemulsions, leading to spontaneous emulsification in aqueous media. When these formulations are introduced to the gastrointestinal milieu, gentle agitation allows water to penetrate the Liquid Crystalline (LC) phase at the oil/surfactant-water interface, resulting in the disruption of the interface and the formation of stable nanoemulsions. This unique mechanism provides significant advantages over traditional emulsifying techniques, enhancing the stability and bioavailability of the encapsulated drugs.
Advantages and Disadvantages of SMEDDS
While SMEDDS boast numerous advantages, including enhanced oral bioavailability and more predictable drug absorption profiles, they also present challenges. Key benefits include effectiveness in drug targeting within the gastrointestinal tract and protection against the harsh conditions present in the gut. However, concerns arise regarding the chemical stability of the drugs involved, irritation caused by high surfactant concentrations, and potential migration of volatile co-solvents into capsule shells, which may lead to precipitation of the lipophilic drugs. These disadvantages must be carefully weighed when integrating SMEDDS into pharmaceutical formulations.
Conclusion
In summary, Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems offer a promising strategy for enhancing the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. By utilizing SMEDDS, formulators can improve the dissolution characteristics of problematic compounds, ultimately facilitating more effective therapeutic options. Ongoing research and innovation in this area, along with a review of recent patents, suggest a growing interest and potential for further advancements in SMEDDS technology to tackle the challenges associated with low oral bioavailability drugs.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What are Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SMEDDS)?
SMEDDS are isotropous mixtures of oil, surfactants, and a drug that spontaneously form an oil-in-water microemulsion when mixed with water. They enhance the absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs when taken orally.
What are the advantages of SMEDDS in drug delivery?
SMEDDS enhance oral bioavailability, provide consistent drug absorption profiles, and target specific absorption windows in the gastrointestinal tract, while protecting drugs from the hostile gut environment.
What are the common challenges associated with SMEDDS?
Challenges include chemical instability of drugs, irritation from high surfactant concentrations, and potential migrations of volatile co-solvents into capsule shells, leading to precipitation of lipophilic drugs.
How does the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) relate to SMEDDS?
The BCS classifies drugs based on solubility and permeability, with classes II and IV facing absorption difficulties. SMEDDS are particularly useful for enhancing the bioavailability of BCS II drugs.
What components are typically included in SMEDDS formulations?
SMEDDS formulations generally consist of oils, nonionic surfactants with high HLB values, co-surfactants, and sometimes co-solvents to enhance drug solubility and microemulsion formation.
What dosage forms can be created from SMEDDS?
SMEDDS can be formulated into various dosage forms, including self-emulsifying capsules, tablets, pellets, beads, microspheres, and nanoparticles, offering versatility in drug delivery systems.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Recent patent review on self microemulsifying drug delivery system”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Drug:
Drug refers to a chemical substance that has a physiological effect when introduced into a living organism. It can be used for treatment, prevention, or diagnosis of diseases or conditions. Drug formulation is crucial in pharmaceutical science to ensure optimal delivery, stability, and bioavailability, especially for poorly soluble compounds.
2) Water:
Water is a vital solvent in pharmaceutical formulations, essential for the dissolution and absorption of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract. It plays a critical role in self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS), where it interacts with oils and surfactants to form stable microemulsions that enhance bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs.
3) Study (Studying):
Study in this context refers to the systematic investigation into the properties, effects, and efficacy of self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS). Research studies aim to understand how SMEDDS can improve oral bioavailability and the dissolution rates of poorly soluble drugs, which is significant in pharmaceutical development.
4) Measurement:
Measurement pertains to the quantification of physical properties in pharmaceutical formulations, such as droplet size in SMEDDS or zeta potential for stability assessment. Accurate measurements are critical for evaluating the performance of drug delivery systems and ensuring consistent and effective formulations that meet therapeutic requirements.
5) Surface:
Surface refers to the interfacial area where different phases meet, such as oil and water in emulsions. In the context of SMEDDS, the surface plays a crucial role in the formation of microemulsions, as surfactants reduce interfacial tension, facilitating drug solubilization and enhancing absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.
6) Table:
Table in this context refers to a structured presentation of data, often summarizing findings related to the components and characteristics of self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS). Such tables help in comparative analysis, showcasing advantages, disadvantages, and performance metrics of various formulations and their applications.
7) Pur:
Poor, especially when related to drugs, denotes compounds with inadequate solubility or permeability, leading to low bioavailability when administered orally. This characteristic presents challenges in drug development, necessitating innovative formulation strategies such as SMEDDS to enhance their therapeutic effectiveness and absorption in the body.
8) Medium:
Medium refers to substances used in the preparation of drug formulations. In SMEDDS, medium chain triglycerides serve as oil phases that facilitate solubilization of lipophilic drugs. The choice of medium is pivotal in optimizing the formulation for self-emulsification and improving the drug's bioavailability.
9) Maharashtra (Maharastra, Maha-rashtra):
Maharashtra is a state in India, hosting various pharmaceutical research institutions and colleges focused on drug development and delivery systems. The collaboration among educational and industrial entities in Maharashtra plays a significant role in advancing pharmaceutical sciences, promoting innovations in self-microemulsifying drug delivery technologies and more.
10) Developing:
Developing pertains to the process of creating and formulating new drug delivery systems like SMEDDS aimed at enhancing the performance of poorly soluble drugs. Developing involves extensive research and innovation in formulation techniques, stability testing, and evaluating therapeutic efficacy, crucial for bringing effective medications to the market.
11) Gelatin:
Gelatin is a biopolymer derived from collagen, commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry for making gel capsules and pharmaceuticals. Its gelatinous property aids in drug delivery, improving the solubility and absorption rates of active ingredients. Gelatin capsules are often utilized in self-emulsifying drug delivery systems for various medications.
12) Nashik:
Nashik is a city in Maharashtra, India, recognized as a significant center for pharmaceutical education and research. The presence of various pharmaceutical institutions fosters innovation in drug formulation, including self-microemulsifying systems, contributing to advancements in the field and enhancing drug delivery strategies for better health outcomes.
13) Powder:
Powder refers to a solid substance composed of fine particles. In pharmaceuticals, powders are utilized in the formulation of various dosage forms, and can be incorporated into SMEDDS to improve the solubility and bioavailability of lipophilic drugs, enhancing drug release and absorption in the digestive system.
14) Filling (Filled):
Filled refers to the process of placing a specific formulation into delivery systems, such as capsules or tablets. In the context of SMEDDS, filled capsules or tablets ensure the proper dosage and formulation of the drug, facilitating accurate delivery and enhancing patient compliance through convenient administration.
15) India:
India is a major player in the global pharmaceutical industry, known for its vast research potential and drug formulation capabilities. The country's advancements in technologies like self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) are pivotal for addressing challenges associated with poor solubility and bioavailability of drugs.
16) Medicine:
Medicine refers to the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. It encompasses various approaches, including pharmacological interventions where the design and formulation of drug delivery systems such as SMEDDS are critical for optimizing therapeutic effects and patient outcomes in clinical settings.
17) Science (Scientific):
Scientific pertains to the principles and methods based on systematic investigation and empirical evidence. In the context of SMEDDS, scientific approaches are essential for developing effective formulations that enhance drug solubility and absorption, evaluated through rigorous testing and observation for safety and efficacy.
18) Road:
Road in this context may refer metaphorically to the pathway of research and development in the pharmaceutical field. It symbolizes the journey scientists and researchers undertake while exploring novel formulations, such as SMEDDS, to overcome challenges in drug delivery and improve overall patient therapy options.
19) Biodegradable:
Biodegradable refers to materials that can be broken down by biological processes, minimizing environmental impact. In pharmaceuticals, biodegradable carriers in self-emulsifying systems can enhance drug delivery while reducing toxicity and adverse effects, making biodegradable options preferable for sustainable drug formulation strategies.
20) Performance:
Performance refers to how well a drug delivery system, like SMEDDS, achieves its intended outcomes, such as improving solubility and bioavailability. It encompasses various metrics including drug release rates and absorption efficiency, essential for assessing the effectiveness of the formulation in clinical applications.
21) Turmeric:
Turmeric, a spice derived from the Curcuma longa plant, holds potential medicinal properties, often studied for its active compound curcumin. Research into self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems may explore turmeric as an effective therapeutic agent, enhancing its bioavailability for improved health benefits in various formulations.
22) Relative:
Relative refers to the comparison of an item in relation to another. In pharmaceutical studies, the term might be used to discuss the efficacy of new formulations like SMEDDS relative to conventional drug delivery methods, aiding in understanding their advantages or improvements in bioavailability and effectiveness.
23) Disease:
Disease refers to a pathological condition that impacts normal bodily functions and health. The development of drug delivery systems like SMEDDS is significant for treating diseases caused by poorly soluble drugs, enhancing their effectiveness, and ensuring optimal therapeutic outcomes through improved absorption and bioavailability.
24) Nature:
Nature reflects the inherent characteristics and properties of substances. In pharmaceuticals, understanding the nature of drug compounds, including their solubility and stability, is crucial for formulating effective delivery systems such as SMEDDS that enhance bioavailability, ensuring access to therapeutically effective levels in the body.
25) Animal:
Animal refers to living organisms used in research to evaluate the efficacy and safety of drug formulations. In studies involving self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS), animal models are often utilized to assess pharmacokinetics and bioavailability, providing insights applicable in human medicine and formulations.
26) Patil:
Patil refers to a surname, possibly denoting researchers or authors contributing to pharmaceutical studies. Contributions by individuals like Patil in the field of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) help advance understanding and innovation in drug formulations that enhance the bioavailability of poorly soluble medications.
27) Soya:
Soya typically refers to soybean oil, often used in the pharmaceutical industry as a lipid base in formulations. In self-microemulsifying systems, soya oil enhances solubilization and self-emulsification of lipophilic drugs, playing a significant role in improving drug bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness.
28) Food:
Food is essential for human sustenance and encompasses various substances consumed. In the pharmaceutical context, understanding the interaction between drug formulations, such as SMEDDS, and food is important since the presence of food can influence absorption rates, bioavailability, and overall drug efficacy.
29) Rice (Rce):
Rice is a staple food, but in pharmaceuticals, specific derivatives or oils derived from rice may be utilized in drug formulations. Formulations containing rice-based components can offer unique benefits in solubilization and formulation stability, particularly for self-microemulsifying drug systems aimed at enhancing bioavailability.
30) Salt (Salty):
Salt can refer to various compounds, often used as excipients in drug formulations to enhance stability or solubility. In self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems, salts may also influence the ionic strength of the formulation, impacting the solubility and release characteristics of the drug in gastrointestinal environments.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Recent patent review on self microemulsifying drug delivery system’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Gastrointestinal Tract, High performance liquid chromatography, Drug Absorption, Drug delivery system, Solid dosage form, Refractive index, Controlled release, Bioavailability enhancement, Spray drying technique, Oral bioavailability, Surfactant, Active pharmaceutical ingredient, Lipid-based formulation, Pseudoternary phase diagram, Class 1, Class 2, Class 4, Medium-chain triglyceride, Class 3.