Antimicrobial assessment of Morinda citrifolia hydroalcoholic extract.

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Assessment of antimicrobial properties of hydro alcoholic extract of morinda citrifolia
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Original source:

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Author:

Rajesh Kumar Suman, Ipseeta Ray Mohanty, Vijay Mane, Y A Deshmukh, A D Urhekar


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: Assessment of antimicrobial properties of hydro alcoholic extract of morinda citrifolia

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research


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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Morinda citrifolia, commonly known as Noni, is a medicinal plant that has gained attention for its wide range of pharmacological activities, including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties. Traditionally used in various cultures for over 2000 years, this plant has become a focus of research due to the growing issue of antibiotic resistance. The study in question aimed to explore the antimicrobial activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Morinda citrifolia against specific Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii.

Antimicrobial Activity of Morinda Citrifolia

The primary objective of the research was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of the hydroalcoholic fruit extract of Morinda citrifolia. Bacterial strains, both standard and clinical isolates, were tested using the agar well diffusion method at varying concentrations (1 mg, 2 mg, 4 mg, and 8 mg). The results indicated significant sensitivity of E. coli (including clinical isolates) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the extract, with the most substantial effects observed at higher concentrations. This supports the potential of Morinda citrifolia as a natural alternative to conventional antibiotics.

Comparison with Standard Antibiotics

Cefotaxime was utilized as a control antibiotic in the study to benchmark the effectiveness of Morinda citrifolia’s extract. Although the herb demonstrated similar antimicrobial activity against certain strains of E. coli compared to cefotaxime, it exhibited pronounced effectiveness against clinical isolates of both E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Notably, the extract did not show significant results against Acinetobacter at lower concentrations, indicating a variance in the antibacterial efficacy depending on bacterial strain and extract concentration.

Clinical Implications of Research Findings

The findings underscore the importance of exploring alternative therapeutic options like Morinda citrifolia, particularly in an era of increasing antibiotic resistance. The study suggests that further research is warranted to evaluate the synergistic effects of combining traditional herbal extracts with standard antimicrobial drugs. Additionally, there is potential for utilizing lower doses of conventional antibiotics when paired with Morinda citrifolia, which could enhance treatment efficacy while minimizing the risk of side effects and resistance development.

Conclusion

The research on Morinda citrifolia illustrates its significant antimicrobial properties against several bacteria of clinical interest, particularly E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. While the hydroalcoholic extract shows promise as an adjunct in antimicrobial therapy, further comprehensive studies are needed to fully ascertain its potential in clinical settings. Emphasizing its traditional use and developing robust methodologies for its application could pave the way for new, effective treatments amidst challenges posed by resistant bacterial strains.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is the main objective of the study on Morinda Citrifolia?

The study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of hydro alcoholic fruit extract of Morinda Citrifolia against various bacteria, including E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter.

What methods were used to test antimicrobial activity?

The antimicrobial activity was tested using the agar well diffusion technique on Mueller Hinton agar with various concentrations of the extract and compared to the standard antibiotic Cefotaxime.

What were the significant results of the study?

The hydro alcoholic extract of Morinda Citrifolia showed significant antimicrobial activity against clinical isolates of E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, particularly at concentrations of 4 mg and 8 mg.

Which bacteria showed resistance to Morinda Citrifolia extract?

The Acinetobacter clinical isolate demonstrated resistance at a 1 mg concentration, with significant activity noted only at higher concentrations of the extract.

How does Morinda Citrifolia compare to standard antibiotics?

Morinda Citrifolia exhibited comparable or significant antimicrobial activity against certain bacteria when compared to the standard antibiotic Cefotaxime, especially at higher concentrations.

What previous studies are referenced regarding Morinda Citrifolia?

Previous studies, such as those by Khuntia et al. and P. Selvam et al., reported good antibacterial activity of Morinda Citrifolia against E. coli but did not investigate Pseudomonas or Acinetobacter.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Antimicrobial assessment of Morinda citrifolia hydroalcoholic extract.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Drug:
The term 'drug' refers to any substance used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease. In this study, 'Morinda Citrifolia' extract acts as a drug tested for its antimicrobial properties against various bacteria, showcasing its potential as a natural therapeutic agent in pharmacology.

2) Activity:
'Activity' in this context pertains to the therapeutic effects and actions of the Hydro alcoholic extract of 'Morinda Citrifolia'. The focus is on its antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains, which is crucial for validating its efficacy as a potential alternative to conventional antibiotics.

3) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
'Antibacterial' refers to the property of a substance that fights bacteria, either killing or inhibiting their growth. The study's main aim was to assess the antibacterial properties of the extract against specific pathogens, highlighting its potential as a natural antibacterial agent.

4) Medicine:
'Medicine' encompasses a broad field involving the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of illness. Traditional uses of plants like 'Morinda Citrifolia' indicate its historical significance in herbal medicine, supporting ongoing research for developing modern pharmacological treatments from natural sources.

5) Study (Studying):
The word 'study' implies a scientific investigation aimed at generating knowledge. In this document, it relates to researching the antimicrobial effects of 'Morinda Citrifolia' extract, including methodologies, results, and conclusions that enhance understanding of its medical applicability.

6) Pharmacology:
'Pharmacology' is the branch of medicine that focuses on drugs and their effects on the body. The study’s context falls under pharmacology, as it evaluates the extract's pharmacological actions, helping to bridge traditional medicine with modern scientific research.

7) Disease:
'Disease' refers to a pathological condition of a bodily part or system resulting from various factors. Understanding the antimicrobial properties of 'Morinda Citrifolia' is particularly significant in the context of diseases caused by microbial infections, showcasing potential treatment options.

8) Kumar:
'Kumar' is a common Indian surname, and in this document, it refers to one of the authors, Dr. Rajesh Kumar Suman. His contributions to this research highlight individual involvement crucial for conducting and analyzing the study on 'Morinda Citrifolia'.

9) Veterinary medicine:
'Veterinary medicine' is a field that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in animals. The document mentions traditional uses of plants in both human and veterinary medicine, reflecting the broader significance of herbal remedies in diverse medicinal practices.

10) New Delhi:
'New Delhi' is the capital city of India. In this study, it is significant as the location where the Hydro alcoholic extract of 'Morinda Citrifolia' was obtained. Its mention emphasizes the geographic context in sourcing medicinal plants for research.

11) Pharmacological:
The term 'pharmacological' relates to the study of drug action and their therapeutic effects. This study highlights the pharmacological significance of 'Morinda Citrifolia', suggesting its potential effectiveness as a therapeutic option supporting traditional medicine practices.

12) Delhi:
'Delhi' refers to the territory of the National Capital Region of India. Its mention in the study underlines the geographical setting for obtaining the analyzed plant extract, thereby contextualizing the research within a specific regional framework.

13) Surrounding:
'Surrounding' refers to the areas or environment around a particular subject. In the context of this study, it likely relates to the zones of inhibition measured around wells in plates during microbial sensitivity testing, critical for assessing antibacterial activity.

14) Discussion:
'Discussion' in research papers refers to the section where results are interpreted and contextualized. This study includes a discussion about the findings, comparing results with existing literature, and exploring implications for future research and clinical applications.

15) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
'Ayurveda' is a traditional Indian system of medicine that emphasizes balance within the body. Its mention in the study highlights the historical significance of herbal remedies like 'Morinda Citrifolia', promoting interest in incorporating traditional knowledge into modern scientific inquiry.

16) Species:
The term 'species' refers to a group of living organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. In this study, 'Morinda Citrifolia' is discussed as a species with potential medicinal properties, investigating its relevance in combating specific bacterial infections.

17) Siddha:
'Siddha' is another traditional system of medicine from India, focusing on herbal and mineral remedies. Its mention underscores the cultural heritage of using medicinal plants, validating the exploration of 'Morinda Citrifolia' in contemporary scientific research.

18) Indian:
'Indian' refers to anything related to India, including its culture, traditions, and medicinal practices. This emphasizes the regional context of the study, reflecting on the rich heritage of utilizing native plants like 'Morinda Citrifolia' for medicinal purposes.

19) Celvan:
'Selvan' is a surname referencing one of the authors, P. Selvam. The inclusion of his name in the study acknowledges his contributions to previous research on 'Morinda Citrifolia', reinforcing collaborative efforts in the scientific community.

20) Tapas (Tapash):
'Tapas' is a first name of one of the authors, Tapas Kumar Khuntia. His presence amongst the authors indicates collaboration in the research, which reflects the collective effort in conducting the study on the antibacterial properties of the plant extract.

21) Panda (Pamda):
'Panda' is a surname that refers to one of the researchers, D. S. Panda, acknowledging his contributions to the study. Such collaborations are vital in the scientific field for combining expertise and advancing knowledge of traditional medicinal practices.

22) Nanda (Namda):
'Nanda' is a surname referencing U. Nanda among the authors of the study. The mention of his name signifies the collaborative nature of research, which is essential for thorough scientific exploration and validation of findings in pharmacological studies.

23) Tapa:
'Tapa' is a variant of Tapas, likely referring to the same individual or might imply a specific context within the study. The name underscores the collaborative nature of research, reinforcing the need for diverse expertise in examining medicinal plant effects.

Other Science Concepts:

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Antimicrobial assessment of Morinda citrifolia hydroalcoholic extract.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Morinda citrifolia, Traditional medicine, Pharmacological activities, Antimicrobial properties, Antimicrobial activity, Agar well diffusion technique, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Hydro alcoholic extract, Zones of inhibition, Synergistic activity, Significant sensitivity, E. coli, Bacterial strain, Control drug, Clinical isolate, Standard strains.

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