"Comparative study of urinary hydroxyproline in RA and OA patients"
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Urinary hydroxy proline in patients of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis- a comparative study
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Dr.P.Kiranmai MD and Dr.Ramashouri MD
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
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Full text available for: Urinary hydroxy proline in patients of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis- a comparative study
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The study examines urinary hydroxyproline levels in patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) to determine if these levels can differentiate between the two conditions. Hydroxyproline is an amino acid primarily found in collagen, and its excretion can reflect the metabolism and degradation of collagen associated with various connective tissue diseases. The research involves comparing urinary hydroxyproline levels among three groups: healthy controls, RA patients, and OA patients.
Collagen and Hydroxyproline
Hydroxyproline makes up a significant portion of collagen, accounting for approximately 13% of its composition. It is recognized as a key marker for assessing collagen metabolism due to its exclusive presence in collagen and elastin. This study emphasizes that increases in hydroxyproline excretion can indicate heightened collagen degradation in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Previous literature noted similar findings, where elevated hydroxyproline levels were seen in patients with various diseases involving collagen degradation, underscoring the relevance of hydroxyproline as a biomarker.
Differences in Hydroxyproline Excretion
The findings reveal a significant increase in urinary hydroxyproline in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared to the control group, with mean excretion levels of 40.6 mg/dl for RA versus 28.5 mg/dl for controls (p < 0.05). In contrast, the osteoarthritis group showed no statistically significant difference in hydroxyproline excretion compared to controls, with a mean of 32.1 mg/dl. This highlights a fundamental difference in collagen metabolism between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, suggesting that RA results in a greater turnover or degradation of collagen.
Urine Hydroxyproline-Creatinine Ratio Insights
Additionally, the study analyzed the urine hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio as another diagnostic tool. The ratio was significantly higher in the rheumatoid arthritis group (1.8) compared to both the control (1.3) and osteoarthritis groups (1.4), further indicating that hydroxyproline may be a useful marker for differentiating between these types of arthritis. No significant changes were noted between the osteoarthritis group and controls, suggesting that while some collagen degradation occurs in OA, it does not reflect any significant alteration in hydroxyproline metabolism.
Conclusion
The results of this comparative study propose that urinary hydroxyproline levels, particularly when assessed alongside the urine hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio, could serve as valuable markers in distinguishing rheumatoid arthritis from osteoarthritis. The increase in hydroxyproline excretion in rheumatoid arthritis patients supports the hypothesis of significant collagen degradation in that condition, whereas osteoarthritis does not lead to a notable increase in hydroxyproline excretion. Thus, urinary hydroxyproline levels may provide a practical approach to differentiating these two prevalent arthritic conditions.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the focus of the study on hydroxyproline?
The study aims to compare urinary hydroxyproline levels between patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis to see if these levels can differentiate the two conditions.
How were the participants selected for the study?
The study included 25 healthy volunteers as the control group and 50 arthritis patients, divided into two groups: 25 with rheumatoid arthritis and 25 with osteoarthritis, all between the ages of 35 to 60.
What were the dietary restrictions for participants before testing?
Participants were advised to follow a collagen-free diet for two days, avoiding foods like meat, fish, jelly, candy, or ice cream to minimize hydroxyproline intake.
What were the main findings regarding urinary hydroxyproline levels?
The study found that urinary hydroxyproline levels were significantly higher in rheumatoid arthritis patients compared to the control group, while levels in osteoarthritis patients showed no significant change.
What conclusion was drawn regarding urinary hydroxyproline as a marker?
The research concluded that the urinary hydroxyproline or its ratio to creatinine could potentially serve as a marker to distinguish between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Why is hydroxyproline significant in diagnosing joint diseases?
Hydroxyproline is mostly found in collagen; its levels indicate collagen degradation, which is significant in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, where collagen degeneration is more pronounced compared to osteoarthritis.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “"Comparative study of urinary hydroxyproline in RA and OA patients"”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Study (Studying):
The term 'study' refers to the systematic investigation conducted by the authors to analyze urinary hydroxyproline levels in patients with different arthritic conditions. It aims to gather empirical data to compare the biochemical markers in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, thereby enhancing understanding of these disorders and potential diagnostic methods.
2) Rheumatoid arthritis:
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by joint stiffness, pain, and swelling. It leads to the destruction of bone and cartilage, affecting both physical capabilities and quality of life. In this study, it is specifically analyzed for hydroxyproline excretion, highlighting its metabolic impact and potential biomarkers.
3) Disease:
The term 'disease' encompasses pathological conditions that disrupt normal bodily functions. In this context, it relates to rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, both of which are musculoskeletal disorders. The study aims to understand how these diseases affect hydroxyproline metabolism and urinary excretion as indicators of tissue collagen breakdown.
4) Table:
In the context of the study, 'table' refers to a structured representation of data, summarizing findings on urinary hydroxyproline and creatinine levels across various groups. It allows for quick visual comparisons between the control group and patients with rheumatoid or osteoarthritis, facilitating clearer interpretation of results and statistical significance.
5) Discussion:
The 'discussion' section of the study interprets the findings, analyzing the implications of elevated hydroxyproline levels in rheumatoid arthritis compared to osteoarthritis. This part contextualizes results within existing literature, highlighting the metabolic pathways involved and suggesting how urinary markers can aid in differentiating between these two conditions.
6) Diet:
The 'diet' aspect refers to the controlled dietary regimen imposed upon study participants to eliminate collagen-rich foods. This is crucial in ensuring accurate measurement of urinary hydroxyproline levels, as dietary intake can significantly influence biochemical markers. A collagen-free diet minimizes confounding variables in assessing hydroxyproline as an indicator of connective tissue pathology.
7) Reason:
The 'reason' in this study relates to the underlying motivation for investigating urinary hydroxyproline levels. By understanding differences in collagen metabolism between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, the research seeks to identify reliable biomarkers for differential diagnosis, aiding in the clinical management of these prevalent diseases.
8) Animal:
The term 'animal' is significant as hydroxyproline determination often originates from studies on animal tissues, providing a baseline for human studies. Prior research has shown alterations in hydroxyproline levels in various animal models of connective tissue diseases, supporting the relevance of examining these markers in human inflammatory conditions.
9) Candy:
In the context of the study, 'candy' falls under the category of collagen-rich dietary items whose consumption was restricted. Since candy often contains gelatin, a collagen-derived product, abstaining from such foods was essential to eliminate any dietary influence on urinary hydroxyproline levels, ensuring the integrity of the study's findings.
10) Blood:
Although 'blood' is not the primary focus of this study, it plays a role in understanding the broader context of collagen metabolism. Hydroxyproline, released during collagen breakdown, enters circulation and is excreted in urine. Evaluating blood markers could augment the study's findings related to tissue health and disease impact.
11) Meat:
The restriction of 'meat' in the participants' diet is critical due to its high collagen content. By eliminating meat, the study aimed to prevent dietary hydroxyproline from skewing results. This control measure ensures that the urinary hydroxyproline levels measured are reflective of metabolic processes related to rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
12) Fish:
Similar to meat, 'fish' is another source of dietary collagen. Its exclusion from the participants' diet was necessary to standardize the dietary conditions before measuring urinary hydroxyproline levels. This step ensures that the findings are exclusively related to the disease states rather than dietary influences on collagen-derived amino acid excretion.
13) Male:
The term 'male' refers to the gender of study participants, which may have implications for hydroxyproline metabolism and disease manifestation. Previous studies noted gender-related differences in collagen metabolism in various diseases, and as such, analyzing male and female responses to rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis could yield important insights.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘"Comparative study of urinary hydroxyproline in RA and OA patients"’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Rheumatoid arthritis, Control group, Statistically Significant, Osteoarthritis, Significant increase, Statistically significant increase, Statistical comparison, Serum alkaline phosphatase, Collagen metabolism, Biochemical finding, Urine creatinine.