Determine mol% G+C of bacterial DNA from Al-Baijy refinery workers.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Determination of the mol% g+c values of bacterial dna isolated from al-baijy oil refinery workers, iraq
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Dr. Mohemid M Al-Jebouri and Ashwaq N Al-Doori
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Determination of the mol% g+c values of bacterial dna isolated from al-baijy oil refinery workers, iraq
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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Summary of article contents:
1) Introduction
The study conducted by Dr. Mohemid M Al-Jebouri and Ashwaq N Al-Doori examines the mol% G+C (guanine plus cytosine) content of bacterial DNA isolated from workers at the Al-Baiji oil refinery in Iraq. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, including asthma, is prevalent among these workers due to exposure to various air pollutants. Understanding the taxonomic importance of DNA, particularly the composition of its nitrogenous bases, provides insights into the characteristics and relationships of bacterial species.
2) The Significance of mol% G+C Content
The mol% G+C content is a crucial measurement in bacterial taxonomy, indicating the proportion of guanine and cytosine in the DNA. This value plays an essential role in differentiating between closely related bacterial species, as it tends to be consistent within a species. In the broader range among bacteria, the mol% G+C can vary from 25% to 75%. The study highlights how closely related bacteria exhibit similar mol% G+C values, which can assist in classification efforts and understanding the evolutionary lineage of different strains.
3) Methodology for DNA Extraction and Measurement
The methodology employed for DNA extraction in this study involved the salting-out technique, allowing for the isolation of genomic DNA from both 15 unknown bacterial isolates attributed to the workers and a standard E. coli strain. Using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer, the researchers were able to determine the concentration and purity of the DNA samples, which is necessary for accurate assessment and subsequent analysis. The melting temperature (T m) was also measured to correlate with the mol% G+C content, providing a reliable basis for classification and comparison of the isolates.
4) Results and Bacterial Classification
Among the tested samples, the researchers identified various levels of DNA purity, with some showing high purity and others indicating contamination. The calculated mol% G+C values varied significantly, with some strains like Micrococcus nishinomiyaensis reaching high values of 67.3%. These findings align with established data in Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, thereby validating the classification of isolated strains. However, some oxidative isolates exhibited instability in their UV absorbance readings, which posed challenges in accurately determining their T m values, potentially attributing this issue to environmental pollutants affecting the results.
5) Conclusion
The study successfully determined the mol% G+C content of bacterial DNA from oil refinery workers, contributing valuable insights into the taxonomic classification of these isolates. Despite some challenges related to DNA purity and environmental contamination, the research underscores the importance of understanding DNA characteristics to assess bacterial relationships and the impact of occupational exposure to pollutants on respiratory health. Overall, the findings suggest a significant potential for further research in environmental microbiology and occupational health, particularly concerning the effects of industrial pollutants on microbial communities.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the significance of mol% G+C in bacterial DNA?
The mole percent guanine plus cytosine (mol% G+C) content is critical for taxonomic classification of bacteria. It varies between organisms, helps identify species, and reflects genetic relatedness among closely related bacteria.
How was DNA extracted from bacterial isolates in the study?
Genomic DNA was extracted using a modified salting-out method. Bacterial cultures were grown, treated with lysozyme, subjected to incubation, and then chilled to precipitate the DNA for subsequent purification and analysis.
What criteria were used to assess DNA purity in the research?
DNA purity was measured by the absorbance ratio at 260 nm and 280 nm. A ratio between 1.7 to 2 indicates good quality, while lower ratios suggest contamination by proteins or other substances.
What were the findings regarding the purity of the DNA samples?
Five samples exhibited high purity (1.7-1.97), while others had lower purity ratios, indicating potential contamination. Unstable absorbance readings at 260 nm made accurate Tm determination challenging for some samples.
How does the melting temperature (Tm) relate to mol% G+C?
The melting temperature (Tm) is directly correlated with mol% G+C content in DNA. As the mol% G+C increases, the Tm also increases, reflecting stronger hydrogen bonding between the DNA strands.
What challenges were encountered in measuring Tm for some bacterial isolates?
Three oxidative isolates demonstrated low DNA purity and unstable absorbance readings, complicating Tm measurement. This instability might be due to pollutants interacting with DNA absorbance during UV spectrophotometry.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Determine mol% G+C of bacterial DNA from Al-Baijy refinery workers.”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Purity:
Purity refers to the quality or state of being free from contamination or pollutants. In the context of the study, DNA purity was measured using the absorbance ratio at specific wavelengths (A260/A280). High purity indicates suitable DNA for experimental procedures, while low purity can affect results and interpretations.
2) Water:
Water is a crucial solvent in biological and chemical processes, including DNA extraction and purification. The study mentions its use in preparing DNA solutions and during the heating processes necessary for determining melting temperature (T m ), highlighting its importance in maintaining suitable experimental conditions.
3) Table:
The term 'table' refers to a systematic arrangement of data, typically used to present results clearly and concisely. In the study, tables were used to summarize findings related to DNA concentration, purity, melting temperatures, and correlating mol% G+C values for various bacterial strains, facilitating comparison and analysis.
4) Calculation:
Calculation refers to the process of computing or determining something mathematically. In this study, calculations are essential for determining DNA concentration, purity ratios, and mol% G+C values from measured absorbance, thus allowing researchers to quantitatively assess the quality of DNA extracted from bacterial isolates.
5) Medicine:
Medicine is the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing disease. This study is situated within the field of medical research, examining bacterial DNA derived from workers in an oil refinery context, bridging microbiology and occupational health to understand potential health impacts from environmental exposure.
6) Quality:
Quality is a measurement of excellence or grade, often dictating suitability for intended use. In this research, DNA quality is assessed through purity measurements and mol% G+C content, impacting the reliability of genetic data obtained, and ultimately affecting the outcomes of microbiological and health-related investigations.
7) Heating:
Heating is a process that involves raising the temperature of a substance, which can induce physical and chemical changes. In this study, heating is used to assess the melting temperature of DNA, necessary for determining mol% G+C content. This step is crucial for evaluating the thermal stability of the DNA sample.
8) Disease:
Disease denotes a pathological condition of a bodily part resulting from various factors. In the study, diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma are referenced, linking occupational exposure to air pollutants from oil refineries to respiratory health risks among workers, thus underscoring public health concerns.
9) Study (Studying):
Study refers to a detailed examination and analysis of a subject. This research focuses on the determination of mol% G+C values in the context of bacterial isolates from oil refinery workers, aiming to understand the microbial diversity and potential health implications related to air quality and pollution exposure.
10) Arrangement:
Arrangement relates to the organization or structuring of components. In genetics, the arrangement of nucleotide bases affects characteristics and functions of DNA. Although not explicitly detailed in the study, the significance of arrangement is implied in discussing G+C content and its implications for taxonomic classification of bacterial species.
11) Measurement:
Measurement is the act of quantifying a property or parameter. In this study, measurement is crucial, as it involves quantifying DNA concentration, purity, and melting temperature, facilitating reliable results. Precise measurements are essential for validating findings and allowing comparisons with established values in microbiological and genetic research.
12) Discussion:
Discussion refers to the process of analyzing and interpreting results in a study. This section offers insights into the significance of findings, compares them with existing literature, and explains implications for health and microbiology. It helps contextualize data, fosters understanding of results, and identifies areas for future research and exploration.
13) Dividing:
Dividing is the act of separating something into parts. In the context of this study, dividing refers to calculating purity by using ratios of absorbance values at specific wavelengths. This mathematical operation helps determine the quality of extracted DNA and evaluates the presence of contaminants adversely affecting research outcomes.
14) Account:
Account refers to a report or description of an event or process, providing evidence or justification. In this research, aspects of the findings concerning DNA characteristics and health implications of exposure circumstances serve to account for observed patterns, enhancing understanding of microbial behavior and health risks associated with occupational exposure.
15) Science (Scientific):
Science is a systematic enterprise that builds knowledge through observation and experimentation. The study embodies the scientific method by investigating bacterial DNA properties, providing insight into microbial diversity linked to occupational health. It applies microbiological techniques and contributes to the understanding of environmental impacts on human health.
16) Baiji:
Baiji refers to a geographical location in Iraq, specifically associated with the environmental focus of the study. The mention of Baiji underscores its relevance as a site for investigating the health impacts of industrial pollution on workers at an oil refinery, emphasizing the local context of the research.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Determine mol% G+C of bacterial DNA from Al-Baijy refinery workers.’. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Melting point, Biochemical test, DNA concentration, Concentration Range, UV Spectrophotometer, Spectrophotometric analysis, Bacterial culture, High purity, Bacterial DNA, Oil refinery workers, Melting temperature, DNA purity, Controlled heating, Unknown bacterial isolates, Contaminants present, Abosorbance readings, Nucleotide arrangement, Deoxyribonucleic acid, Environmental pollutant, UV Absorbance, Taxonomic status, Genetic characterization, Actinomyces israelii, Brain heart infusion broth, Aerococcus viridans, Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology, Escherichia coli mj83, Optical density at 260 nm, Contaminated DNA, Standard strain, Thermal denaturation method, Lysozyme treatment, Contaminants in DNA, Rhodococcus equi, Eikenella corrodens, Oxidative isolates, Low purity of DNA, Unstable readings, Correct T m, Presence of pollutants, Incorrect preparations, Methods for general bacteriology, Molecular biology applications, Thermal denaturation temperature.